Dental carries is one of the most common oral diseases in the world, and it often goes untreated due to the expense of treatment. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 60 to 90 percent of school aged children throughout the world suffer from untreated dental carries. Ethnic minorities, the poor, the elderly, and those who are mentally and/or physically disabled are other disparities who also suffer from untreated dental caries (Alcorn & Rogo; 2012). Looking for a way to solve the epidemic of dental caries by providing affordable treatment, silver diamine fluoride (SDF), also known as the “silver fluoride bullet,” was created. Claiming to be both affordable and effective, SDF could be the answer to low cost carries treatment the world has been searching for. The purpose of this paper is to research the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride in comparison to sodium fluoride varnish. Our PICO question is: In a patient with dentinal caries, will the use of silver diamine fluoride compared to sodium fluoride varnish, be more effective at arresting caries?
Fluoride has been established for many years as an effective material in the fight against caries. Silver has been used in health care as an anti-bacterial agent in many medical applications such as silver sutures and silver catheters. Silver diamine fluoride was created to conjoin the effectiveness of both. According to a critical review by Rosenblatt et al (2009), “…silver interacts with sulfhydryl groups of proteins and with DNA, altering hydrogen bonding and inhibiting respiratory processes, DNA unwinding, cell-wall synthesis, and cell division (Pg #?).” It is through those means that pathogens are destroyed and biofilm formations are hindered. The study by Lou et al (201...
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... teeth was 79% and 65% in the permanent first molars. The arrest rate for caries on both permanent and primary teeth was 77%. In comparison, a study done on children in Greenland, the arrest rate for dentinal caries applied with just NaF varnish was only 33%(Ekstrand, et al; 2010)
In answering the PICO question, silver diamine fluoride is more effective at arresting dentinal caries than sodium fluoride varnish. In reviewing these research studies, SDF is an affordable, effaceable alternative to restorative treatment that can be particularly helpful in areas without much dental personal, equipment, or facilities. Further study is needed to determine the recommended interval, exact application, and longer term outcomes. In conclusion, research suggests SDF would be a great carries treatment solution for people around the world, especially those in disparity groups.
Howrad C, D. L. (2001). The Science and Ethics of Water Fluoridation. Journal of Canadian Dental Association, 67(10), 578-580.
Pit and fissure sealants are tooth coloured materials that are applied on the occlusal surfaces of the posterior teeth in deep grooves, pits and fissures. They protect the tooth from various bacterial plaques in these caries prone areas of the teeth. The sealants protect these areas by sealing of the entrance to bacteria which give rise to dental caries in susceptible individuals especially in children. Pit and fissure sealants are now commonly being used due to the increase in the awareness among public about dental caries prevention
...at more tentatively, with fluoride gels and varnishes or a chlorhexidine varnish. Some dentists may restore root caries with amalgam restorations. Another treatment option used by some dentists to restore root caries is Glass Ionomer Cements. Glass ionomer cements were first introduced in the early 1970s. They have good adherence to mineralized tooth tissue, which keeps the removal of tooth structure to a minimum. Glass ionomer cements also have the ability to leak and absorb fluoride into the tooth, which decreases the rate of secondary caries. These factors have increased the potential for glass ionomer cements to replace amalgam as a restorative material. (Hammel)
Teeth #1, 16, and 17 are unerupted. There is a PFM on tooth #22. There were two 3-unit bridges: teeth #19 through 21 with a gold abutment on tooth #19, the pontic on tooth #20 and a PFM abutment on tooth #21, as well as on teeth #23 through 25, with PFM abutments on teeth #23 and 25, and the pontic on tooth #24. The amalgam restorations are as follows: an MO on tooth #2 and an MOD on teeth #3 and 5. There are cervical composites on teeth #3 and 4. Tooth #15 was missing the crown. Tooth #13 was a root tip. There are class two furcations on the lingual surface of teeth #1, 18, and 19, and a class one furcation on the buccal surface of tooth #18. There is 2mm of recession on the facial surfaces of teeth #4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 15, 29, 25, 26, and 27, as well as the lingual surfaces of teeth #3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 15, 21, 22, 26, 27. There is 4mm of recession on the facial surfaces of teeth #3 and 23, as well as the lingual surfaces of teeth #12, 23, and 25. There is 6mm of recession on the facial surface of tooth #22. Teeth #3, 4, 18, 26, and 27 had attrition. There was erosion on the lingual and incisal surfaces of teeth #8 through
Humans only get one set of adult teeth after losing all of their primary teeth therefore, it is important to take care of them. “Dental caries: Strategies to control this preventable disease” is an article written by Rugg-Gunn, Andrew presents several reasons why dental decay is a widespread disease. Rugg-Gunn cites that the main cause of dental decay is lack of fluoride, poor diet, bacteria from plaque, and sugars. Based on this evidence, Rugg-Gunn concludes that “dental caries can be prevented” (Rugg-Gunn128), but there is no evidence of stopping the disease from happening. While Rugg-Gunn raises a revolving problem around the world with human oral decay he however, does not have a good approach on what decay really is.
It is important to strengthen the enamel after demineralization from sugars and acids between appointments as well as the removal of the outer layer during polishing. However, some patients believe fluoride is bad for their systemic health and refuse treatment. For these clients I express respect for their decision while informing them of the benefits of fluoride as well as studies showing there is no effect on systemic health from periodic fluoride treatment. After explaining how the benefits outweigh the risks, some clients accept fluoride treatment and others still refuse. While some clients still refuse, I recommend fluoride at each appointment to assess if they have changed their mind or still
Improper nutrition and misbalance in our body may be the causes for tooth decay. Always pay attention to your nutrition when your teeth are considered, instead of choosing fluoride or dentistry. Our health can also be in danger when fluoride is used, even though the main reason for using fluoride is to make the teeth stronger. According to a recent study, mental disabilities are often made more difficult with the usage of fluoride. Among fluoride, mercury and arsenic are also dangerous in cases of autism
Fluoride is responsible for helping the enamel on your teeth stay strong and healthy. We can offer fluoride treatments and varnishes to help strengthen your teeth. Our fluoride products are designed to help prevent cavities and keep your teeth as healthy as possible.
Teeth whitening is an ever increasing procedure being requested by many patients. In this paper, I will be discussing the biological and chemical mechanisms of teeth whitening, the difference between in office and take home whitening, current products on the market, and current issues and safety concerns regarding teeth whitening. Knowledge of these topics is important to have to be able to safely recommend in office or at home whitening options.
In conclusion, its recommended that patients brush two-three times a day two minutes long to insure that most of the bacteria is removed from the teeth,gums, and tongue also. Flossing after every meal should also be done regularly because of left foods that get stuck between the teeth. There are many kinds of toothpaste, but not all contain fluorine. Its important that you chose on that does have fluorine because it rebuild tooth enamel and strengthen the tooth too.
“In 2007, the nation spent $98.6 billion on dental services, yet many children and adults went without the services they need to prevent and control oral disease. We have interventions that can not only prevent disease but also save money” (CDC 34). Oral health for the general public, especially the underserved, has been consistently overlooked. Low-income families and developing countries, who are the most vulnerable to oral problems, are the population that is the most ignored. Five and a half percent of people, in 2007, either could not receive dental care or were putting it off. The main cause of this is money. Many insurances are not accepted by dental clinics because of the high costs of dental exams (Institute of Medicine. 38, 88). If this is not the case, why are these people delaying in protecting their oral health? What most people do not know is that oral health affects overall health. This realization began in 1944 with the Public Health Service Act; it was asking for a movement protecting oral health as it was linked to overall health (Imes par. 4). More research is coming out on this subject, but already bacteria from periodontal disease has been found in the brain, lungs, and heart (Institute of Medicine. 33). With oral health being increasingly important and low-income families and countries being underserved, the government has started to initiate programs to improve oral health geared towards the underprivileged. The water fluoridation and school-based dental sealants are two successful programs started by the government (“Oral health.” CDC par. 41). These programs however do not reach enough people, especially the people who are part of the underserved. With oral health as important as it is, more...
It is what contributes to the cleaning power of toothpastes as it gives it the gritty texture that it has. Generally, abrasives take up to 50% of toothpastes and when used in excess will cause enamel erosion. Fluorides are also present in toothpastes to prevent cavities. A large variety of toothpastes also contain surfactants as a foaming agent, antibacterial agents, flavourants and colourants for consumer appeal and last but not least,
Brushing your teeth twice a day only cleans twenty-five percent of the mouth at a time. It is for this reason why dentist recommend a healthy fluoride solution to be included into your daily brushing routine; this mouthwash solution will help flush away any food remnants and harmful bacteria from the hard to reach crevasses in the mouth. If this step is skipped it can lead to the formation of dental caries and gum disease, which can lead to worse things if they are not taken care of. To help stress the importance of dental hygiene, Listerine, which is a mouth wash company, released an advertisement for their cool mint flavored antiseptic mouthwash in the hopes of getting non-mouthwash users to jump on the Listerine mouthwash band wagon to proper
Manufacturers of mouthwashes say that their products kill bacteria and clinics have been recommending the use of mouthwash for decades and is said to significantly improve gingival health [1] . I am very interested in these claims stating how effective mouthwashes are and I would like to find out the importance of the products in our daily lives demonstrated in my experiment. Mouthwashes play a very important role in preventing plaque formation and also it reduces cavities and a gum disease known as periodontal disease. Periodontal disease makes the teeth detach from the gums as a result of an inflammatory response to plaque, but not only does this disease affect the teeth only, it also has other symptoms such as being a risk factor for having
This study aimed to compare the antibacterial quality as well as the effectiveness of different brands of toothpastes marketed in the world, were aimed for reducing the oral bacterial amount. One brand contained triclosan and sodium fluoride as antibacterial while the several of them contained sodium fluoride only and two were herbal. The percentage bacterial reduction or increases was calculated from the differences in bacterial counts before and after brushing. There was an increase in mouth bacterial counts after the use of six brands of the toothpastes, in saliva bacterial counts after use five brands of the toothpastes and in teeth has no bacterial counts after use after using different brands of toothpastes. Teeth achieved the highest