Handwriting analysis is also known as graphology. Graphology is defined as the study of handwriting, especially as used to infer a person's character. The interest in handwriting as an expression of personality is as old as the practice itself. “Chinese philosophers have been fascinated with handwriting since ancient times and have been especially interested in the distinct styles of calligraphy produced by different writers” (Sackheim,1990, p. xv-xvi). The first methodical attempts to study handwriting took place in Italy in the beginning of the seventeenth century. Alderisius Prosper published in Bologna a study called Ideographia. Camillo Baldo soon after tried making a formal recording which presented a way for judging the nature of a writer from his letters. These were all lost. But they obviously attracted readers. It became practiced from “castle to castle” by people trying to make money from handwriting interpretations (Roman, 1952, p.3). The surprising thing about graphology that is not all about handwriting analysis. “Graphology is the study of the graphic movement; it is not simply ‘handwriting analysis” (McNichol and Nelson, 1991, p. 23). This is why graphologists can also study doodles, drawings, sculptures, and paintings to infer a person’s character and the physical, mental, and emotional states of the subject. These creations are called brain prints. These reveal who we are, how we think, feel and behave. These mind x-rays are very evident in handwriting since we for the most part don’t think about how we write. Graphology is a good way to loosely judge people, who they truly might be.
Whenever we take a write utensil and begin writing, much of what we’re doing comes naturally. This is an unconscious act. But there are times when we’ll change how we write certain letters because we like the other way of writing it more. This is a conscious effort. Both of these can be analyzed. The latter can be analyzed just as well as the former because it is a conscious effort of trying to change unconsciously to a certain trait. The style of the changed letter seems appealing because the characteristic does, unconsciously or consciously (McNichol et al, 1991).
There are the fixed traits: IQ, aptitudes, temperament, and identity. And there are unfixed traits: ability...
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...tremendously. I found out who the people around me are according to graphology. And it made me pick up on certain characteristics of myself that perhaps I need to change. If I change them in writing, eventually they will change in real life if I make that effort (McNichol et al , 1991)
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Koehler, Derek J., and Roy N. King. "Illusory Correlations in Graphological Inference." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied Vol. 6.4 (2000): 336-348.
Roman, K. (1952). Handwriting: a key to personality. New York: Pantheon Books, Inc.
Santoli, O. (1989). How to read handwriting. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc.
McNichol, A., & Nelson, J. (1991). Handwriting analysis putting it to work for you. Chicago: Contemporary Books, Inc.
Sackheim, K. (1990). Handwriting analysis and the employee selection process. Westport, CT: Quorum Books, Inc.
Schacter, D. L., Gilbert, D. T., & Wegner, D. M. (2010). Psychology. (2nd ed., p. 600). New York: Worth Pub.
Kutcher claims, “We haven’t lost romance in the digital age, but we may be neglecting it, in doing so, acquainted art forms are taking on new importance. The power of a handwritten letter is greater than ever. It’s personal and deliberate and means more than e-mail or text ever will. ’’(96)Handwriting is different and unique for each individual. You can look at the letter and judge how much effort a person put into writing it.
The trait approach focuses on describing and quantifying individual differences. The approach tries to categorize people into groups based upon what traits they exhibit. According to the textbook, “The most important factors of personality ought to be found across different sources of data, and he [Cattell] developed a typology of data – including self-report, peer-report, and behavioral observations – that has become part of the foundation of the distinctions between S, I, L, and B data” (Funder, 2013, p. 222). As the essential--trait approach was being developed over the years, the amount of traits drastically changed over time. Multiple psychologists worked on this theory, all having different ideas and amounts of essential ...
A trait is a stable characteristic that causes an individual to behave a certain way. A person’s personality is made up of a special combination of various traits that are unique to each individual (Cherry). In 1936, psychologist Gordon Allport categorized all of the traits into three levers: cardinal traits, central traits, and secondary traits. He said that cardinal traits are traits that dominate an individual’s whole life, that central traits are general characteristics that form the basis of the personality, and that secondary traits are traits that refer to specific attitudes or preferences that only appear in certain situations (Cherry).
As demonstrated in Table 2, the nomenclature used to describe aspects of cognitive style are profuse leading to questions as to how many dimensions of style there are. Whilst some researchers are in agreement that there are 'two superordinate dimensions, of cognitive style' (Witkin, 1950; Riding, 1991; Entwistle, 1981; Biggs, 1978; Schmeck, 1988; Riding and Cheema, 1991; Sadler-Smith 2000a: 191), this view has been questioned by others. These two style families: include: 'wholist-analytic and 'verbaliser-imager."I feel that all cognitive styles can be encompassed by one broad, inclusive dimension of individual difference, labeled "global versus analytic"... I am arguing that all of these, at some level of abstraction are reflections of a single dimension" (Schmeck 1988: 327).
Forensic Document Examination is a broad field in forensics that covers a variety of subspecialties. These areas range from signature verification, to photocopy manipulation, to stamp impressions and more. This paper will focus specifically on the specialty of handwriting comparisons. This should not be confused with handwriting analysists, or graphologists, who strive to identify a writer by determining their psychological state and personality. Those who practice handwriting comparison seek to determine the validity of a document, or if different documents were written by the same person, by the distinct characteristics of the writing. This is useful in a wide variety of criminal cases from authenticating suicide notes to determining forgeries.
Natural and Adaptive categories. Most of the traits presented here were things I was already
The list of IB traits involve terms that a successful student should learn to adapt throughout their school years. Traits such as caring, risk-taker, open-minded, and balanced relate more to one’s personal life than traits like knowledgeable, thinker, reflective, principled, inquirer, and communicator which are more focused on the academic portion of one’s life. Although not everyone will begin the program with all these traits in their pocket, all students should grow and adapt towards new possibilities and a new personality than originally.
The adage of the adage of the adage of the adage of the adage of Handbook of personality: Theory and research. New York: Guilford Press, 2003. Kring, A., Johnson, S., Davison, G. C., & Neale, J. M. (2009). Abnormal Psychology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Lynam, D. R., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Raine, A., Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2005).
This umbrella term compromises ‘various complex cognitive processes and sub-processes (Elliott, 2003). It refers to ‘the set of abilities that allows an individual to select an action that is appr...
In his 1955 experiment, he had participants analyze the similarities in line length out loud, but planted “confederates” to give incorrect answers. To his surprise, 32% of participants conformed to the obviously incorrect answers per trial, and 76% conformed at least once (McLeod, 2008).
The most basic categorization of traits would be common traits and unique traits. Common traits may be universal but vary in degree of intensity from each individual. Unique traits would be traits that are only held by few people like interests in certain types of music genres or sports. Delving further into this categorization, there’s seven other classifications of personality: ability traits, temperament traits, dynamic traits, surface traits, source traits, constitutional traits, and environmental-mold traits. Through source traits through, he developed the sixteen traits of personality and employed questionnaires in order to gather statistical data, factor analysis, across different cultures, economic backgrounds, education, etc. Source traits are the basic units of the personality that can be measured on a spectrum from each individual. Cattell also considered biological and environmental factors into his research as
Based on the information provided in the textbook, trait theory states that every individual has different personalities due to the traits inherited by their maternal or paternal DNA. For instance, if a child or a grown adult is shy or talkative one is able to observe the person’s conscious thoughts and behaviors; therefore, one can imply that traits are essential when it applies to an individual’s personality, which is why everyone’s personality is different. Foreign psychologist Hans Eysenck and Sybil Eysenck, designed a chart full of different qualities to identify the various types of personalities. Indeed, these categories indicate whether the person is considered extraversion, stable, introversion, and unstable. For example, a person that is considered introverted-stable is considered to be peaceful, caring, and calm. On the other hand, a person who is extraverted stable is seen as someone who is ...
Baron, Dennis. “From Pencils to Pixels: The Stages of Literary Technologies.” Writing Material. Ed. Evelyn Tribble. New York. 2003. 35- 52.
This process of evaluation is called palmistry. What is palmistry comes from greek which means hand divisions. Its an art practice known since old times. By looking into the lines of the palms.These lines can gather up information like marriage, health and relationships personality traits as well. Have you ever thought of which hand you should read? It all depends on the person's active or passive hand.