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geert hofstede four dimensions of culture
hofstede 5 dimensions of culture
5 dimensions of culture
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In nowadays economic and technological advancement as well as unlimited communication means, the work environment is more heterogeneous then ever, especially in terms of cultural background. This has provided for broad and diverse communication and interaction styles, behaviors, expectations and manifestations almost in every economic unit. On the other side the multinational corporates are the most eminent example how the cultural diversity can be enriching and productive as well in same time cultural and background differences can cause differences in understanding and even cultural shock or conflicts.
These issues are addressed in various studies and theories like Hofstedes’ Dimensions of Culture or Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner's Seven Dimensions of Culture.
Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner are management consultants. They published their work on cultural differences in 1997. They developed the model based on a more than 10 years investigation and research in many countries in the world and based on feedback they received from more than 46000 managers in more than 40 countries.
They concluded that because different cultures have different traits in terms of way of thinking, values, beliefs and preferences, people from different cultural backgrounds develop different profiles. Such profiles are very specific and according to Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner model, based on cultural background of on individual is possible to predict how they behave and interact in communities other from that of their cultural background.
They developed a seven dimensions model used to analyze and compare cultural differences among individuals of different cultural groups and backgrounds. The model consist in the following elements o...
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...ample of external-direction cultures.
In conclusion, the model is a powerful tool to be used for better approaching multinational environments, situations and tasks. It provides a clear picture of different traits of cultural background helping mangers to avoid misunderstanding and reducing costs associated with conflicts resolutions. Moreover since that is based on preferences and behavioral response of individuals of different cultures it is an accurate measuring tool of consumer behavior in regard to products and services.
Works Cited
http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/seven-dimensions.htm
http://www.globalprojectmanagement.org/index.php/global-project-management-framework/global-teams/cross-cultural-collaboration/23-trompenaars-dimensions
http://provenmodels.com/580/seven-dimensions-of-culture/charles-hampden-turner--fons-trompenaars
Based on his research, Hofstede prescribed five dimensions for understanding international differences and similarities of culture, taking into account many macro and micro-level factors affecting culture, like ”demographic, goegraphic, economic and political aspects of society (Kale and Barnes, 1992).” The five dimentstions described by Hofstede are: Individual-collectivism, Uncertainty avoidance, Power distance, Feminitiy-masculinity, and Long-term orientation.
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The United States is a country with a diverse existing population today; this country is known as a melting pot of different cultures, each one unique in its own respect. Culture; differentiate one societal group from another by identification beliefs, behaviors, language, traditions, Art, fashion styles, food, religion, politics, and economic systems. Through lifelong, ever changing processes of learning, creativity, and sharing culture shapes our patterns of behavior as well thinking. The Culture’s significance is so intense that it touches almost every aspect of who and what we are. Culture becomes the telescope through which we perceive and evaluate what is going on around us. Trying to define the perplexing term of culture with varying component of distinguishable characteristics is difficult to restrict. Presenly, culture is viewed as consisting primarily of the symbolic, untouched and conception aspects of human societies.
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Culture. As a society, we’re surrounded by it every day, whether we are aware of it or not. It affects what we do each day and how it lives our lives as everyone, everywhere has their own culture, their own set of beliefs and traditions that shape them, their actions, and the environment around them. Because of cultures large role in the lives of people, culture also has a large role in human geography. But there are lot of questions surrounding culture, like what exactly is culture, why are their differences in culture and what arises from those differences, and how exactly does culture interact with society to shape someone’s worldview? It is in this essay I will be answering these questions.