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compare and contrast medical and social models of disabilities
compare and contrast medical and social models of disabilities
introduction of research methodology
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What are the effects on teenagers that grew up with older siblings with disabilities? The concepts included in this proposed research are, effects, teenagers, grew up with, and disabilities. According to Webster’s Third New International Dictionary, an effect is something that is produced by and agent or cause (Merriam-Webster, 1961). For this proposed research an effect will be any physical or mental differences, which is directly or indirectly caused through growing up with a disabled older sibling, between teenagers who fit this criterion and teenagers who do not. Teenagers, for this proposed research, will be defined as anyone from the age of 13 to the age of 18. Grew up with, will mean the disabled older sibling was living in the same home as the studied individual at their time of birth, continued to live in the same home with the studied individual for at least twelve years, and had frequent interactions with the studied individual throughout the twelve years. For this proposed research, disabled siblings will include anyone has the inability to be independent due to a birth defect, and will never be able to gain the skills necessary to become independent in the future.
In Disabilities Vol. 2 a theory is presented on the effects experienced by the siblings of autistic children. This theory states that parents of children with autism typically give more time and energy to their autistic child than their other children. It also theorizes that although no formal expectations of the non-autistic child are established, they feel a responsibility to take over the role of care giver for the autistic sibling once the current care givers, in this case the parents, are gone. Another theory presented in this publication is...
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...oped mentally their comprehension level of what will be asked of them, may be low enough to effect answers to questions or behavior in un-desired ways. Lastly a huge limitation is other variables, data and results could possibly be skewed by other variables that effect teens, and happen to be present in many of the families studied.
Works Cited
Hogan, D. (2012). Family Consequences of Children's Disabilities. New York: Russell Sage foundation.
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. (2013). Three Major Perspectives in Sociology. Retrieved from Cliff Notes: http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/sociology/the-sociological-perspective/three-major-perspectives-in-sociology
Marshall, C. A., Kendall, E., Banks, M. E., & Gover, R. S. (2009). Disabilities Vol. 2. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.
Merriam-Webster. (1961). Webster's Third New International Dictionary.
This Clinical Research Paper defines autism, the various impacts of the disorder, and the theories that can be applied to this type family dynamic. The basis of this research project stems from the semi- structured interviews that Ashley Hartmann conducted. She studied half on the perspectives of the siblings and that of the parent’s perspective and discovered various themes that arose from this study. In findings a total of 12 themes emerged between the siblings and parents; in the sibling interviews; knowledge of Autism, affect on relationships, feelings of sibling’s autism diagnosis, future care for sibling, meaning, acceptance and advice and extended family. In the parent’s interviews, feelings around autism, knowledge around autism, life changes, affect on relationships, support systems and acceptance, meaning and advice. She also highlights the stress that affects the family system, but also reveals the many resources and services to better assist these individuals and their family.
ASD individuals may find it hard to communicate and socialize with others around them. However, because each child is unique, they have their own unique abilities and ways of responding to new experiences. Other issues children with ASD have include; anxiety, sleeping problems, and learning disabilities. Those who are diagnosed with ASD or any other disability are usually judged and bullied. In the documentary Violet’s mother says she is afraid of her child being labeled and underestimated because she is diagnosed with autism. A child’s disability can also affect their family members. Family members may have a difficult time understanding and getting to know the autistic child in order to provide for them. They struggle to find interventions such as treatment and therapy for them, the right medical care, and trying learn to cope with all this. At times parents and caregivers can also feel stressed or irritated knowing they have to fulfill all of the child’s needs. Siblings on the other hand, may find it unfair that the autistic child gets the most attention and
Taylor, Steven J. "The continuum and current controversies in the USA." Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability 26.1 (2001): 15-33. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 5 Apr. 2011.
There are many disabilities that are under ADA. The definition of a disability is any medical condition that substantially limits a person’s ability to perform major life activities (Sotoa & Kleiner, 2013). The major activities include walking, seeing, breathing, hearing, performing manual tasks, caring for oneself, sitting, standing, thinking, and learning (Broersen, Mulders, Schellart, & van der Beek, 2012). There may be a number of cognitive and/or beh...
Dillon, P., & Grammer, E. (2001). Success stories of students with disabilities noted in new book. Science, 294(5543), 879.
"Disability the facts." New Internationalist Nov. 2013: 20+. Advanced Placement Government and Social Studies Collection. Web. 27 May 2014.
Gray, D. E. (2002). Ten years on: A longitudinal study of families of children with autism. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 27, 215-222.
Sibling relationships, which play such a critical role in a child’s overall development, take on special significance when one of the siblings has a disability (Gallagher, Powell & Rhodes, 2006). Often, as children develop, they may choose behaviors they experienced at home, while others emulate the socialization in which they were so familiar. Regardless of how the socialization plays out, it is an influential factor in the way adults live. The relationship a child develops with his or her parents can serve as a model for subsequent relationship with siblings. Whiteman, Becerra, & Killoren (2009), found research to support that a theory of sibling influences: sibling social learning is directly linked to how siblings develop similar and different attributes, attitudes, and behaviors. These demonstrations that children perform for a sibling can provide them with the skills and habits necessary for participating in today’s society. However, many different circumstances can affect this performance in siblings. Factors include parent divorce, a loss of a family member and a child with a disability. (Conger, Stocker, McGuire, 2009).
Galbally, R. (2009, August 10). No longer shut away, people with a disability still shut out [Press release]. Retrieved from
The Sibling Society by Robert Bly is a moving call for the rediscovery of adulthood. It is not about siblings in a family. Robert Bly has used the term “sibling society” as a metaphor to suggest that we are in a culture that doesn't look up to parents or to grandparents. What are these siblings like? The description of the “sibling society” builds throughout the book. They are a society of half-adults who lack dedication to causes, justices and caring. At what point do they become full-fledged adults? We are all perpetual half-adults pursuing our own pleasure. This pleasure has become the disease of our society. The need to stay young for adults has corrupted our society.
The number of children that display autistic traits keeps rising and the need for services is at an all-time high. Out of 10,000 children born, 60 to 100 children and families will be affected by autistic spectrum disorder (Gulberg, 2010). Autism is characterized by a lack of connection to other people, even parents, and an avoidance of interpersonal situations (Feldman, 2011). Children with autism also show limited, repetitive and stereotypical patterns of behavior, interest, and activities. Not one child with autism is the same as the next; each child has their own severity and indicators of autism. A child with intellectual disabilities and a gifted child can both be given the diagnosis of being on the autism spectrum, because of the wide range of severities. Many of these children will not attend special schools, but instead be included in the general education population by inclusion. Inclusion has been found to have a number of benefits for children with autism. In addition, negative perspectives have also come into play when discussing autism and inclusion. Furthermore, parents have the right to make decisions for their child on an individual basis.
specific learning disabilities in the United States of America. The Journal of International Association of Special Education, 10(1), 21-26.
An only child and a child with siblings are different in many ways. It all depends on the character of the child. A lot of the differences have to do with how the parents raise the child. If a parent lets their child tell them what to do then obviously the child will display negative traits. This doesn’t just go for an only child it goes for a child with siblings also. Whether you are an only child or a child with siblings, your life can be happy. As long as you feel loved and you give love it doesn’t matter how your family is made up. It is how you choose to live your life.
Students with developmental disabilities face many challenges in receiving a quality and appropriate education. Jobs for people with developmental disabilities continues to be a serious issue because wages, training and supports lack significantly. Health care issues are a major concern for people with developmental disabilities and their families, as they fight with discrimination, quality of care and affordability. Housing is also an issue that people with developmental disabilities are fighting for. There is a lack of funding for Section 811 Housing, and they are struggling to find safe, disability accessible and affordable households. They often need long term care to address their health conditions and they struggle to get the appropriate care they need, where they are then placed on waiting lists or are given the option of institutional care. Many people with developmental disabilities depend on their Social Security programs to live, but most of the programs fail to meet their needs. Advocates need be knowledgeable on all of these issues and what is available to the individual to help
My brothers and sister are the best motivation to me. It is not every day that we get along but when we do then it is a good day. Every day they make me want do better, not only for myself but for my mom and them also. They encourage me to do better now so that my future is bright later on. Family is always the best to have on your team especially for their support because they genuinely mean it and you know that it is coming from their heart. I know I can count on all my brothers and sister to be there for me when no one else is because they are family. I hate that they are growing every day and getting older to experience the real life. I hope even later on they will all still support me and we will not drift apart like I know