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Green chemistry research paper
Green chemistry research paper
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Introduction
History of Green Chemistry:
Green Chemistry has introduced in the 1990s in worldwide as a way that the skills, knowledge, and talents of chemists can be used avoid fear to human health and the environment in all sort of chemical reaction. One of the most interactive areas of Green Chemistry research and discovery is in analytical methods enhancement. New methods and techniques that minimize and remove the use and production of hazardous chemicals through all ways, of the chemical estimation lifecycle are the manifestations of the current interest in Green Analytical Chemistry[01].
Definition:
“Green chemistry is the practice of chemical science and manufacturing in which a work of industrial ecology in manner that is sustainable,
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The trend of sustainable development requires chemistry to be “clean” or “green.” In the 1990s, therefore, the concept of “Green Chemistry” was start, together with the “Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry.” These twelve principles consist of the premise of green chemistry but actually focused on the aspects of synthetic chemistry. For green chemistry in the analytical laboratory, the concept of Green Analytical Chemistry was subsequently proposed, but it has not yet become a popular field of chemistry. Apparently, green analytical chemistry is a key part of green chemistry and an important trend in analytical chemistry in modern society. It is an emerging area of increasing importance both in green chemistry and in analytical chemistry. In this report, green analytical chemistry is systematically discussed and then defined with seven principles. Firstly, the aspects of green analytical chemistry are discussed in detail with regard to the whole analytical process; i.e., from sample collection, sample preparation, to sample analysis, and some other related issues such as process analysis. Secondly, some naturally green or possibly green analytical techniques are discussed. Presently, spectroscopic methods dominate the area of green analytical chemistry. The purpose of this report is to arouse more attention to green analytical chemistry to serve the sustainable development of the modern
Chemists are the specialists in chemistry, that interact with chemical properties, and reactions. The earth is made up of different gases. Some of this gases are needed for life in the planet but other gases can be harmful to the living. Gas’s use in regular quantities are favorable to the earth. The world started to become more advance and had to use more of this gases to produce everyday objects and inventions by men. Little did we knew this chemicals we going to affect us in our life. Chemist Jose Mario Molina actually discovered that chlorofluorocarbons were affecting the ozone layer.
This experiment sought to utilize melting point, boiling point, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and the index of hydrogen deficiency (IHD) to identify the structures of two unknown compounds. To ensure the successful identification of the unknowns, the molecular formula for each compound was found first. What the molecular formula does is that it allows chemists to identify elements present in a compound as well as the quantity of each element. The issue with this is that there are various compounds that share the same molecular compound yet are different in reactivity and connectivity. To resolve this problem, other measures such as finding functional groups based on IR spectroscopy, determining the boiling or melting point of a compound, and identifying the bond/ring structures using IHD are taken.
Separations are important techniques in chemistry that are used to separate various components of a mixture. They are carried out by mixing two immiscible liquids containing certain solutes together in a separatory funnel, allowing them to separate, then extracting the distinct layers that form. The ratio of the concentration of solute present in the upper layer to the concentration in the lower layer is called the partition coefficient. The efficiency of a separation is described by this partition coefficient. If the coefficients for the two layers are largely different, then the separation can be carried out in a single step. If they aren’t, a more complex process is necessary.1,2 Countercurrent chromatography is a technique used carry out separations in these kinds of cases. It uses a continuous liquid-liquid partitioning process to streamline the usual extraction procedure.
...lications in the future. This is due to the fact that this method has become rough, not complicated and it can be performed in a conventional way without being mandatory the investigation into depth for every application (Tetala and van Beek, 2010). New forms are going to be operated in order to recognize bacteria and also aptamers are going to be used more often. Moreover, the investigation of new types of monoliths will also include the study of present or alterative types of polymers, in order to come out with a wider range of pore sizes, surface areas and new morphologies that can be used in this type of affinity chromatography (Pfaunmiller et al., 2013). Finally, monolithic stationary phases are expected to have a great impact on future applications, for instance if organic monolithic supports will be combined with hybrids of silica (Pfaunmiller et al., 2013).
Michael P. Broadribb, C. (2006). Institution of Chemical Engineers . Retrieved July 26, 2010, from IChemE: http://cms.icheme.org/mainwebsite/resources/document/lpb192pg003.pdf
Green Chemistry is not only used in the lab when handling dangerous chemicals, but is also used in everyday life. Some areas where green chemistry may be applied is in medicine, biodegradable plastic, and paint. Pharmaceutical companies are always looking for better ways to make medications have less side effects by making them produce less toxic waste. Also, more and more companies are trying to create products that use compostable or biodegradable materials. Paints usually have toxic fumes that go along with them. Some painting companies are trying to create a product that emits less toxins to better human health and environmental
Frey, Regina F., and Maureen J. Donlin. "Chemistry 257." Olfaction Tutorial. Washington University, 1998. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
Many companies all over the world produce chemicals for their products that are harmful to the environment, human health, and to all living species. Green Chemistry is the use of chemistry for the prevention of chemical pollution to the environment by using chemicals that are benign, or not harmful. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) states that the mission of Green Chemistry is, “To promote innovative chemical technologies that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture, and use of chemical products.” Green Chemistry contains any aspects and types of chemical processes that reduce the negative effects of certain chemicals, in a way, using chemistry to fight chemistry.
Ever since I began studying science and mathematics at all levels of educations I have always had an interest in the production of useful materials. In the growing turmoil of today; a world full of global warming and diminishing resources, questions often arise in my mind such as, "can we make a more efficient, more durable and a renewable resource that will overshadow fossil fuels? and have less of an impact on our environment?" Up to now, I have not found a solution to these questions and answering these questions is a personal aspiration of mine which I aim to fulfil by achieving a degree in Chemical engineering and eventually I will contribute to the field in my own unique way. The debate surrounding sustainable energy fascinates me, having recently learned from personal research I have understood what an authoritative role chemists and chemical engineers play in the industry at the present time and how, by working as a team, they contribute to an improved future for the whole world. However, one of the main reasons that has single-mindedly driven me this far to want to study chemical engineering is a book I have read, “Beyond the Molecular Frontier: Challenges for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering” While reading this book, I had solidified my understandings of what chemical engineering is all about. Also, one of the main processes mentioned was polymerisation and is something I already study in A-level chemistry, it is something that not only interests me, but is a personal career aspiration of mine. Reading this book gave me a determination to be the person who helps improve the future of the industry and provide an answer to the questions I always ask myself by studying this degree.
1. Brown, Theodore L., H. Eugene LeMay Jr., Bruce E. Bursten. Chemistry: The Central Science. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2000.
Haynes, William M.., and David R. Lide. CRC handbook of chemistry and physics a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data : 2012-2013. 93e édition. ed. Boca Raton (Fla.): CRC Press, 2012. Print.
Chromatography and electrophoresis are used for many wonderful processes that take place in labs. Chromatography and electrophoresis are separation techniques employed by chemists. Chemists execute multiple chemical tasks daily therefore they must find the most efficient ways to carry out these functions. Even though electrophoresis has some benefits, Chromatography is more useful than electrophoresis because it is more versatile and can be widely used in research; chromatography should be used more than electrophoresis in scientific research because it is more effective in a lab setting and can be used in more fields.
is impossible to specify a single best method to carry out a given analysis in
...ree careers make sure that every day activities do not lead to the degradation of the environment. For these reasons, it is clear that chemistry is beneficial to the way of mankind.
Poliakoff, M., Fitzpatrick, J. M., Farren, T. R., & Anastas, P. T. (2002). "Green Chemistry: Science and Politics of Change." Science, 297, 807-810.