Gideon's Trumpet

This was a very controversial issue, because the court faced the decision of whether to go with the laws that the forefathers had come up with or grant people right to counsel so that the truth can be brought out. The issue was whether the state of Florida violated Gideon's Sixth Amendment right to counsel, made applicable to the states by the Fourteenth Amendment, because they did not provide him with the assistance of counsel for his criminal defense.

The cases of Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), Escobedo v. Illinois (1964) and Miranda v. Arizona (1966), all helped define Due Process and the rights of defendants. In the court case of Gideon v. Wainwright, the Supreme Court ruled that if the defendant can not afford an attorney, then one will be provided for them. Also, under the Supreme Court’s ruling of the case of Miranda v. Arizona, meaning that when arrested, your basic rights must be stated, that you have the right to remain silent and that anything you say can and will be used in co...

The 6th Amendment guarantees a person accused of a crime compulsory process, the right to present witnesses in his defense. The importance of compulsory process is illustrated in the case Washington vs. Texas, where Jackie Washington was tried for murder. A state court ruled that Washington could not have an accomplice in the crime testify in his defense. However, the Supreme Court ruled that the state’s refusal to allow the defendant a capable witness violated the 6th Amendment. Therefore, the Supreme Court overruled the court’s c...

Miranda and his lawyers argued that his fifth and sixth amendment was violated. Within the fifth and sixth amendment they argued that Miranda testified against himself and also that he asked for a lawyer. In a pace law review they state that “The police officers questioning him did not inform him of his right against self-incrimination nor

In June of 1961, Clarence Earl Gideon, a fifty year old petty thief, drifter, and gambler who had spent much of his life in and out of jail was arrested in Panama City Florida. He was charged with breaking into a poolroom one night in an effort to steal beer, Coke, and coins from a cigarette machine (Goodman 62).

Both the Fifth and Sixth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution involve the right to counsel. 6th amendment grants right to counsel ensures the right to effective assistance of counsel during the critical stages of a criminal prosecution. The Fifth Amendment right to counsel was recognized as part of Miranda v. Arizona and refers to the right to counsel during a custodial interrogation; Meaning It doesn 't necessarily mean handcuffed but the police have taken the suspect his or her freedom of action in any significant way for example a traffic stop. In this case the defendant was not taken to court instead he was arrested assuming that the Miranda rights were read to him dealing with this scenario on the 5th amendment.

Over a century ago the roots of right to counsel for indigent defendants developed. In the Indiana Supreme Court case in 1853 (Webb v Baird) recognized the right to an attorney at public expense for an indigent persons. The Supreme Court wrote, “It is not to be thought of in a civilized community for a moment that any citizen put in jeopardy of life or liberty should be debarred of counsel because he is too poor to employ such aid…. No court could be expected to respect itself to sit and hear such a trial. The defense of the poor in such cases is a duty, which will at once be conceded as essential to the accused, to the court and to the public (National Legal para 2).”

Although he barely finished the eighth-grade, when Gideon was arrested he knew two things: one of which was that he had not committed this crime and the second is he would not have a chance to convince a jury that he was not guilty if he did not have a lawyer. Because Gideon could not afford a lawyer, he asked a judge to appoint a lawyer to represent him. The judge refused and Gideon was convicted. He was sentenced to five years in jail, which gave him a lot of time on his hands. He put that time to good use.

sentenced to spend the rest of his life in prison. The case against him was largely

Bottled water has been around for centuries and it’s crazy to think we pay a good bit of money just to have our water in a bottle. The water industry spends over 100 million dollars globally every year on bottled water (Dell’Amore). That is a lot of money to put water in a bottle. Its also said it takes about three liters of water to just produce one liter of water and we are wasting more water just to make more. The bottled water industry is also starting to take off overseas as well. Americans drink an average nine billion gallons of water of year, which means every person drinks about 30 gallons of water a year

FACTS: Gideon, the petitioner, was charged in a Florida State Court for breaking and entering into a poolroom with the intent to commit a misdemeanor. This is a felony under Florida State Law. Due to lack of funds, he asked the court to appoint counsel for him and was denied. The court stated that under Florida state law, counsel could only be appointed to represent a defendant when that person is charged with a capital offense. Gideon unsuccessfully represented himself at trial, which resulted in a verdict of guilty. He was sentenced to five years in state prison. Gideon then filed in the Florida Supreme Court this habeas corpus petition (A judicial mandate ordering that an inmate be brought to the court so it can be determined whether or not that person is imprisoned unlawfully and whether or not he should be released from custody. The petition is brought by a person who objects to his own or another’s detention or imprisonment). He alleged that the courts refusal to appoint counsel for him violated his right to counsel under the Sixth Amendment. In Federal Court, counsel must be appointed to an indigent defendant unless otherwise waived. The Florida Supreme Court denied relief. The United States Supreme Court (USSC) granted certiorari, which gives them the authority to review the case. The court relies on the decision in Betts v. Brady, 316 U.S. 455. Betts was indicted for robbery in a Maryland State Court. He asked the court to appoint counsel for him and was denied. He was found guilty by the judge, sitting without a jury, and sentenced to eight years in prison. The court in Betts held that the Sixth Amendment was not a fundamental right and therefore was not applicable in State Courts under the Fourteenth Amendment.

He uses specific tone through his text his tone is meant to inform and persuade giving him creditability towards his argument. He uses pathos through his text by saying the way music makes people feel a certain way and understand the argument making it stronger, he also uses the story of his mothers death to play with the readers emotions. He uses words like ghetto, Blacks, love , soul, gangsters, etc to show persuade the audience and she if the emotions of the reader would be affected. He then brings in ethos by using creditable mentions of Fetty Wap and statistics like “At the time of this writing, “Trap Queen” is the #2 song in America. To have the #2 song in America is to hit pretty much every demographic…” To provide the audience a sense of trust with him making his argument gain power. He also includes tweets to validate his argument and create stronger support from his intended audience and giving the audience a sense of

The documentary Gideons Army was an eye opening experience which showcases our justice system. Although I have always heard that the justice system is broken I never understood the details until now. The challenges that public defenders face with the resources provided is bordering unconstitutional, in my opinion. When the sixth amendment was created, I don’t believe its intent was to deprive council of time and resources to be “effective representation”.

The Roman tuba was a bronze trumpet, unlike modern tubas.The instrument was long and straight tube which gradually increased in diameter, resulting in a bell-shaped aperture at the end. Due to the harsh, fear-inspiring sounds which the tuba curated, the instrument was used in war, at Roman games, at funerals, and at public festivals.