Geography Summary
A very long time ago, in outer space. There was an atom, invisible to
the
naked eye. No one knows how the atom was created, it was just there.
This
atom was very concentrated and very dense. Approximately 30 billion
years
ago, that atom exploded and out came the material used to create the
entire
universe. Of course, back then. The universe was very different from
today.
This is the big bang theory, it wa sproposed by George Gamow a Russian
American. According to the theory, the force of the explosion is still
making
us drift and then will pull us back bringing our existence to an end.
When the earth was first created, there was only one continent. It was
called Pangea. The Pangea then split up into two smaller continents
named
respectively Laurasia and Gondowanaland. Finally, both Laurasia and
Gondowanaland split up into yet smaller continents, resulting in a
final
count of 7 continents. This theory is called Continental Drift and it
was
suggested by Alfred Wegener in 1912.
Convection currents is how heat moves in liquids. We find convection
currents inside the moho but we can also find convection currents in a
pot of
boilling water. Convection currents are circles of heat side by side
moving in
opposite directions.
When these happen inside the moho, many things can happen. At some
points on the earth parts of the crust can be sucked underground make
cracks
on the ground. At other places on earth, the currents can push up the
crust,
thus making a hill. Convection currents are what causes tectonic
plates to
move. With out convection currents, there probably wouldn`t be any
continental drift.
As you learnt in the previous paragraph, convection currents take
place
in the Moho. The Mohorovicic discontinuity is the boundary between the
crust and the mantle. The material inside the moho are smi molten
rocks.
Earthquakes are a natural part of the Earth’s evolution. Scientific evidence leads many geologists to believe that all of the land on Earth was at one point in time connected. Because of plate tectonic movements or earthquakes, continental drift occurred separating the one massive piece of land in to the seven major continents today. Further evidence supports this theory, starting with the Mid-Atlantic ridge, a large mass of plate tectonics, which are increasing the size of the Atlantic Ocean while shrinking the Pacific. Some scientists believe that the major plate moveme...
The earth is split into four layers, inner and outer core, the mantle and crust. The top of the mantle and crust make up what is like the skin of our earth (see source 2). The skin is split up like a puzzle and we call these puzzle pieces’ tectonic plates (see source 1). These plates are constantly moving and the plate boundaries (edges of the plates) move and slide past one another. Sometimes as the plates move the plate boundaries become stuck. Pressure builds up in the stuck area over time and eventually breaks. This is why earthquakes occur due to the sudden movement of the plate sliding and breaking creating a fault line to go off. The fault line is the line on which the
Since the beginning of human kind there has been a cloud of wonder of how our planet was formed. Scientist interested in this field through out the years have developed many different theories to how our planet came about. Before the Twentieth Century, scientists and geologists thought that mountain structures were due to the massive tightening of the earth caused by the gradual cooling of molten rocks. In 1900, American scientist Joseph Le Conte, published an article in the Appleton's Popular Scientific Monthly. He described that the problem in understanding mountain building was establishing the cause of sideways pressure. It was not until 1910, that an American Geologist named F.B.Taylor, proposed the idea of a continental drift. Other scientists dismissed Taylor's idea, because there was just not enough proof. However, Taylor's idea was then backed up by a German scientist named Alfred Wegener. He proposed that the continents surrounding the Atlantic Ocean, Africa and South America fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. His broad range of studies enabled him to incorporate his theory of Plate Tectonics. Wegener, later in 1915 while in the German military published his idea that interpreted how his continental drift theory worked. He proposed that a huge landmass called Pangea, meaning ("all land") existed 200 million years ago. He furthered explained that this super continent began to drift apart very slowly throughout millions of years into what it looks like now. Wegener went on several expeditions through out his life to the continents of South America and Africa.
While a relatively minor issue, the American capital’s location highlights how central the USA-CSA relationship would have been in any subsequent history. A negotiated separation may well have preserved the deep economic interdependencies between north and south, avoided and contained the passions expressed during the Civil War, and allowed for a form of peaceful coexistence. Even in this most favorable case, however, Richmond would likely have been fertile ground for European powers seeking to constrain the northern states. At the same time, strong abolitionist sentiment in the north would have continued. Enduring slavery in the south could well have provoked considerable political tension if not armed skirmishes along the border if committed northern activists attempted to maintain and expand the Underground Railroad for escaped slaves or even to foment rebellion inside the CSA. This could well have led to war sooner or later.
Chapter 3 is about Earth’s structure and plate tectonics. Earth’s interior is consists of four layers inner and outer core, mantle, and Earth’s crust. Each layer is thicker than the layer above. Millions of years ago Earth was as one continent, but eventually the continents have spread out from each other. Continents are floating in the ocean and constantly moving towards or away from one another. The movement of continents is due to plate tectonics about 1-15 centimeters a year. Different plates move at a different rate. There are about a dozen of tectonic plates on the Earth. The plates have converged, diverged, and slipped past one another since Earth’s crust first solidified and cooled, driven by slow, heat-generated currents rising and
I am proud to say I was born and raised in the small town of Tallassee, Alabama. There are not many landscapes and main attractions that we have in Tallassee, but it is the movement and human-environment interactions of people who live to make their town better that makes it remarkable. Even though I love Tallassee Al, I have always wanted to travel the world and see everything there is to see. So back in 2009, I decided to relocate to the historic city of Montgomery, Alabama and it has been the greatest move I could ever make. Montgomery, Alabama was integrated in 1819, built over rolling terrain at an altitude of almost 220 feet (67 m) above sea level. Majority of Montgomery lies along the southern bank of the Alabama River.
The question that I will be answering for my coursework is which is best at protecting the Northumberland coastline – groynes or beach nourishment. I will be going to Blyth beach also I will be visiting Newbiggen beach I am investigating the Northumberland coastline as part of my geography coursework also because I live in the UK and I want to see how safe the people of the UK are with the safety of the coastline and its defences against coastal erosion. We will be visiting the Northumberland coastline on Thursday the 15th of May 2014.
Africa’s geography put them at a great disadvantage over the Europeans, which eventually allowed the Europeans to colonize Africa with ease. The geography of Africa is wildly different than that of Europe’s. Crops in Europe were very suitable for farming, and their native animals could be domesticated easily. Because of this, farming in Europe didn’t take very much effort, and surpluses of food could develop at a quick rate. These surpluses allowed specialists to form. Specialists devoted all of their time to developing new and advanced technology, instead of farming. With the formation of this advanced technology, the Europeans quickly gained an advantage over the rest of the world. The opposite was true in Africa. Africa’s crops were difficult to grow, and their animals were nearly impossible to domesticate. Because of this, the Africans had to work much harder than the Europeans just to produce enough food to survive. Specialists couldn’t form in African society because everyone was devoted to farming. This absence of specialists led to a lack of advanced technology, which caused Africa to slowly fall behind the rest of the world. Africa eventually became so vulnerable, that when Europe came along to colonize the continent with the technology that they had formed, Africa couldn’t do a thing to stop them.
Since the beginning of humankind, the study of geography has captured the imagination of the people. In ancient times, geography books extolled tales of distant lands and dreamed of treasures. The ancient Greeks created the word "geography" from the roots "ge" for earth and "grapho" for "to write." These people experienced many adventures and needed a way to explain and communicate the differences between various lands. Today, researchers in the field of geography still focus on people and cultures (cultural geography), and the planet earth (physical geography).
The plate tectonic theory is a theory that geologists use to help explain the Earth’s surface processes and events. It explains that the sliding of these plates are either away from each other, sliding past each other, or sliding into each other and causing one of the plates to slide beneath the other. There are three kinds of plate tectonic boundaries: divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries. A divergent boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other. Magma then flows up from the mantle to fill in the space between the plates, forming a raised ridge called a mid-ocean ridge. The magma also spreads in the exterior, forming new ocean floor and new oceanic crust. A convergent boundary occurs when two plates
Geographical concepts have been traced back to ancient days, geography is defining as the scientific study of the location of people and activity across earth and reasons for their distribution. It asks where and why things are where they are. Geographers organizes materials by the places they are located, thus being they have concluded that what happens in one place affects what happens in another place and can further affect conditions in the near future. Like any other subject geography has its own language and knowledge for better understanding of its concepts. Thinking geographically means learning the language, we need both geographical vocabulary and grammar in order to do this. Geography has concepts that enables us to have geographical
Jordan is located in the center of the Middle East and it shares borders with Syria, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Israel. It is also next to the Dead Sea and the Jordan River. Jordan has a terrain of about 35,475 square miles (Advameg, Inc., 2014). Jordan is unique because it has sand mountains and colorful rocks, plus it has barren deserts and fertile valleys. The main language of Jordan is Arabic but English is also taught and spoken. The capital of Jordan is Amman (Advameg, Inc., 2014).
Africa, a continent filled with astonishing geography. It was once a home to many beautiful and strong ancient civilizations. Faced with genocide in Rwanda, invaded in the age of imperialism, its people traded as slaves, and the land wanted for its rich resources.
Africa: One of the largest masses of land in the world. It is a land of many different creations, both living and not. Unfortunately, the people that call this land home is seen as less than their counterparts who call other lands their home. Although to most outsiders Africa is seen as a barren land full of wild animals and ravenous, uncivilized tribes, in reality, it is a plentiful continent inhabited by bustling cities and diverse cultures.
The interior structure of the earth is made up of crust, the mantle and core (inner core and outer core). Earthquakes occur on the crust. Crust forms the external layer of the earth surface. On the crust, the plate tectonics forces are in charge of causing the abrupt earth movements. Due to the existence of an immense temperature and concurrent pressure difference in the outer layer and inner layer of the earth, convection currents occur at the mantle. This energy results from overwhelming decomposition of radioactive substances contained by the rocks found at the interior of the earth. The developed convection currents lead to movement of lava; cold lava finds its way to the interior of the earth crust, while the molten lava which is generally hot, leaves the interior of the earth to the outside of the earth crust. These kinds of circulations occur at different locations of the earth surface and consequently results in segmentation of the earth due to movement in different directions.