Sex, Gender and Gender Roles
From the moment we were conceived sex and gender have been an important part our lives. It determines the colors for the baby shower, the toys we will receive on holidays, the roles we will take on as adults and even the inequalities we will endure in life. In chapter 10 of “ Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach, Eleventh Edition” Jim Henslin discusses the factors that make up a person’s sex and gender, and gender roles. Sex pertains to an individual’s reproductive characteristics, in contrast, gender is the expected behavior based on the sex of an individual.
First, Henslin refers to the term sex as being the “biological characteristics that distinguish males and females” (2015). These include our
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Gender is the “behaviors and attitudes a group considers proper for its males and females” (Henslin 2015). These behaviors differ in cultures and around the world. Gender is based on masculinity and femininity not male and female (Henslin 2015). For example, one of the first things I bought my 11 month old daughter was earrings. I took her to get her ears pierced when she was 6 months old because it makes her look feminine. However, if you travel to a remote part of Africa I assure you will find a tribe where males with the most piercings are consider masculine. Why? This behavior is consider appropriate with in their culture because, as mentioned before, gender differs with every …show more content…
Gender roles are expectations set by society based on society’s beliefs and values about gender and sex (Henslin 2015). My mother used to tell me when I was a little girl that being a women was hard work, she would look down to me and tell me how much easier life would have been if I was born a little boy. At the time I did not understand what she meant but as I grew I realized the meaning behind our conversation. My mother is an old fashion Mexican lady and in Mexico the role of a women is to be a house wife, care for the children and household, listen to your husband obey his rules, and keep quite even when he is unfaithful or beats you. My father’s role was to be the breadwinner, he had no rules. He was not affectionate maybe because he had to fulfill his role which was to be fearless, strong and masculine. My mom, on the other hand, was always caring, nurturing, and loving.
Gender roles can also be a factor in inequality. Many women today still face inequality. It has been proven over and over again in studies that females are paid less than males in most job occupations. There was a time when women were not allowed to vote or buy property. In some cultures women still have inequality issues. For example, the Muslim community has very strict rules for women’s attire and marriage arrangements. Females are seen as property with no authority. Women there are not considered providers of their
To begin, I think it is important to analyze the difference between “sex” and “gender”. Up until researching for this paper, I though that the two terms were interchangeable in meaning, rather, they are separate ideas that are connected. According to Mary K. Whelan, a Doctor of Anthropology focusing on gender studies, sex and gender are different. She states, “Western conflation of sex and gender can lead to the impression that biology, and not culture, is responsible for defining gender roles. This is clearly not the case.”. She continues with, “Gender, like kinship, does have a biological referent, but beyond a universal recognition of male and female "packages," different cultures have chosen to associate very different behaviors, interactions, and statuses with men and women. Gender categories are arbitrary constructions of culture, and consequently, gender-appropriate behaviors vary widely from culture to culture.” (23). Gender roles are completely defined by the culture each person lives in. While some may think that another culture is sexist, or dem...
The word gender refers to a general classification of human beings into male and female with socially and culturally constructed characteristics, behaviors, attributes and roles preconceived and labelled as appropriate for each class. The society and culture today have placed human beings in a box which to a large extent dictates how we act in the world.
Gender roles are a major theme in the novel To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, in the main ways being what is expected of proper Southern lady, the critcization of women because of their hypocrisy, and the distrust of masculinity as whole. The novel is set in the 1930s during the Depression in the small traditional town of Maycomb, Alabama. Scout is the main female protagonist in the novel and Scout herself faces the gender conformity, as does many others, like Tom Robinson and other men, and the female gender as a whole.
"In dismantling the notion that sex and gender are innate, first the two must be defined. Sex is described as the interaction between genes, hormones, behavior, and the environment. The adjectives female, male, or intersex is used when referring to sex. Gender is the social status, legal
Over the years, humans have come up with a tradition that each sex has a certain role to follow. Centuries later gender roles still seem to exist, even though this century is supposed to be known as accepting new ideas and people’s beliefs. In Katha Pollitt’s article “HERS; Why Boys Don 't Play With Dolls”, she argues that the reason gender roles still exist is because parents are afraid to raise a homophobic child. As well as, Noel Perrin agrees that gender roles have nothing to do with your sexual orientation. Therefore, if one was to look at a certain gender role, they will understand that this do not define a person. In addition to Pollitt’s article, the existence of gender roles in today’s society is
The main argument to think about when looking at the relationship between sex and gender is whether it is purely biological or is more than definitely socially constructed. The distinction between sex and gender could be described as simply, sex: the biological makeup of an individual’s reproductive anatomy and gender: an individual’s lifestyle or their personal identification of their gender. Firstly looking at the argument that gender identity arises from biological processes. For some, it may be an obvious answer of women and men being chromosomally different. Women having two X chromosomes and men having an X and Y chromosome. The Y chromosome produces testosterone and other androgens. These androgens allow the male to develop testes and a penis rather than the female genitalia of ovaries and a uterus. It is argued that they all cause male and females brains to develop differently. For example...
The clusters of social definitions used to identify persons by gender are collectively known as “femininity” and “masculinity.” Masculine characteristics are used to identify persons as males, while feminine ones are used as signifiers for femaleness. People use femininity or masculinity to claim and communicate their membership in their assigned, or chosen, sex or gender. Others recognize our sex or gender more on the basis of these characteristics than on the basis of sex characteristics, which are usually largely covered by clothing in daily life.
Gender is not about the biological differences between men and women but rather the behavioral, cultural and psychological traits typically associated with one sex. Gender is socially constructed meaning it 's culturally specific, it 's learned and shared through gender socialization. What it means to be a woman or man is going to differ based on the culture, geographical location, and time. What it meant to be a woman in the US in the 19th century is different than what it means to be a woman in the 21st century. As cultures evolve over time so are the ideals of what it means to be man or woman.
While sex refers the biological characteristics that make up a person, their gender is determined by the behaviors and attitudes considered “proper” by society according to their sex.
Most of the time these issues are taken lightly, and go unnoticed until someone or some group pays attention to the inequality and typical roles. It becomes interesting when roles are reversed in society to see how others react to those situations. Society seems to be getting more comfortable with female success, and less obsessed with women staying home to do housework. No matter how successful, there is always a struggle for dominance. It also seems to depend on how children are brought up as to how strongly those individuals strive to achieve their specific role. It will be interesting to see as society changes over time how the defined gender roles will continue to change as well. Whether it is the conflict of success, supremacy, or need for perfection roles will sustain time just as they have from the beginning.
Society has planted a representation into people’s minds on how each gender is supposed to be constructed. When one thinks of the word gender, the initial responses are male and female but gender may be represented in many additional terms. As defined, “Gender refers to the social expectations that surround these biological categories.” (Steckley, 2017, pg.256) Gender is something that is ascribed,
While the terms “gender” and “sex” are often used interchangeably, the two words have significantly different definitions. One could argue that sex refers to biological essentialism and the idea that we are who we are because of our genetic material. On the other hand, gender is associated with the social constructionist theory, which argues that the way we are is dependent on our race, class, and sexuality. Because each person is different in their race, class, and sexuality, their gender becomes socially constructed. To argue that gender is not socially constructed would be to say that all people, for example, that are biologically female have the same goals. However, this cannot be true because within the sphere of being female, that individual person varies from the next in their race, class, and/or sexuality, each of which affect their goals and perspectives differently from their sister, friend, and neighbor. One’s gender identity refers to his or her perception of self as a male or female, as well as being masculine or feminine. Because masculinity and femininity are fluid, rather than static, they are dependent on the perspective of the beholder. A person’s perspective is often influenced by their surroundings as well as values with which they were raised, both of which are never identical between two people. Race, class, and sexuality are the underlying factors that influence perspectives and values, thus differentiating the understanding and portrayal of gender identity from one person to another.
Sex and gender are terms that are mixed up from day to day and seen as similarities rather than differences. Sex is what distinguishes people from being either male or female. It is the natural or biological variations between males and females (Browne, 1998). Some of these variations are genitals, body hair and internal and external organs. It is the make-up of chromosomes, men have one X and one Y chromosome and women have two X chromosomes, these are responsible for primary characteristics (Fulcher and Scott, 2003). Gender on the other hand refers to the sociological differences between male and female. This is teaching males and females to behave in various ways due to socialisation (Browne, 1998). Example: masculinity and femininity. Girls are supposed to show their femininity by being non-competitive, sensitive, dependent, attractive and placid. If and when some girls don’t succeed in keeping this image they will be referred to as a tomboy. On the other hand, boys show their masculinity through aggression, physical strength...
Many believe sex and gender are the same but in reality they differ greatly. Gender takes in consideration what groups deem as normal behavior for a male and female. But sex is what your body parts consist of, your reproduction organs and a penis or vagina (Henslin, 2015, p. 291). You come into this world with a sex, but the world around you influences whether you choose to express yourself in a feminine or masculine way. Where you are in the world impacts what you and your society view as correct behavior for men and women.
Although there are many ways to define the word gender, Psychology of men (nd), defines gender as a group of characteristics or features that involving a certain biological sex (male/female). Characteristics or traits can both be referred to as one being “manly” or “womanly’. Some researchers and scientist have agued that gender determination is and has always been one of the most controversial issues.