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Gandhi's fight for independence in india
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1. Introduction “I shall be alive in the grave and what is more, speaking from it” M.K. Gandhi The essence of the above quoted is very much the central idea of Vizai’s play The Return of Gandhi. The play aptly attacks the rot in present day political system. The play has won Nandi Award in 2002 given by the Government of Andhra Pradesh in the Best Drama category. This Play has been written well before the most popular hit movies in Hindi as Lage raho Munnabhai and in Telugu Sankardada MBBS were made on the re-arrival of Gandhi to Earth. Yama Dharma Raju….. Hell…… Gandhiji’s arrival to Hell on an invitation….. Happy mood in Hell because of Gandhiji’s entry… Chitragupta’s allegation (with a fear) on Gandhi as a sinner…. Yama Dharma Raju’s unwillingness to convict Gandhiji….. Chitra Gupta’s reiteration of promoting Gandhi as a sinner because he who is held responsible in bringing freedom to an immature nation…. as The Languishing race in feudal society for ages marked with hero worship and dynastic adulation, understands only dependence — not independence. The gullible masses who were divided by caste and religion cannot appreciate the principles of equality. The people at large were illiterate, ignorant and innocent. The few educated were careless and irresponsible. The selfish and immoral rulers always indulged in power-game, encouraged factions, and further divided the people in the name of language, region, culture and the like. What kind of rule can the country expect from such rulers? The nation at large was thrown into a vicious circle. Giving independence to such people and power to such leaders naturally prov... ... middle of paper ... ...Earthquake victims is presented effectively on the stage. The murder of the leader who has put this hundi and convicting this offense on Gandhi is a crucial turn in the play. Gandhi introducing himself and promoting his own ideals and presenting his inner conscience to the present day pubic is crucial in the play. Actually, the playwright makes all to envisage, the situation would be like this if Gandhi really comes to earth now. This may be an outstanding experimentation of the very idea of many to expect a savior like Gandhi to come to guide the present generation. By translating this play into several languages he succeeded in influencing many. Works Cited 1. M.K. Gandhi, Harijan 1947, August 17th Vol 89 2. Vizai Bhaskar, Spring Thunder (An Anthology of Dramas), Indo American Books, Delhi, 2012 P21-22 3. Life Positive, October, 2012 P 70 www.ghandhi.indd
insist on our right of and capacity for being self-governing individuals. But we find ourselves again under the rule of a king - an authority exterior to the self. This time, however, we cannot as easily identify the king and declare our independence." Despite
The country was a feudal aristocracy. A few wealthy people owned the land, and therefore held all the power. The aristocrats doled out their land to their vassals and serfs so they could work the land and return most of the profits back to the land-owner, or lord. The king ruled above them all, exerting his power over the nobility to keep them in line. During feudalism, there was no way to move up the social ladder, castes were hereditary and immutable. The people learned to be satisfied with their lot in life simply because there was no hope or opportunity to move up in society. The castes co-existed because of their ingrained beliefs; serfs believed that they would never be able to equal the power that the nobility held, and the nobility looked down on the peasants as if they were shepherds attending to a flock of sheep. They also believed that the power they held was legitimate, and no one could rightfully take it from them (8). The distance in between the two social classes only reinforced those beliefs, and there was too large a gap to even hope of crossing it to equality. There was only one way that power could exchange hands, and that was through force. Then, Tocqueville noted, the power seemed to begin shifting in favor of the lower classes as time progressed. The aristocratic government was crumbling in favor of a more democratic one, based
Try living in a society where starving children lay on the streets looking for food, or where lack of education leads you nowhere. However, a man with knowledge and wealth helped his people fight for their rights. Gandhi’s background made him who he was; giving him an idea of how to get India’s independence, and impact on India helped people realized you can fight with knowledge and nonviolence to change a way of life.
What is Gandhian philosophy? It is the religious and social ideas adopted and developed by Gandhi, first during his period in South Africa from 1893 to 1914, and later of course in India. These ideas have been further developed by later "Gandhians", most notably, in India, Vinoba Bhave and Jayaprakash Narayan. Outside of India some of the work of, for example, Martin Luther King Jr. can also be viewed in this light. Understanding the universe to be an organic whole, the philosophy exists on several planes - the spiritual or religious, moral, political, economic, social, individual and collective. The spiritual or religious element, and God, is at its core. Human nature is regarded as fundamentally virtuous. All individuals are believed to be capable of high moral development, and of reform.
The play concerns a two-week travel to India by two rich middle-aged women, who seem to be empty and frivolous. They both have indifferent and painful memories of the deaths of their sons. Although being friends for many years, it is only in this trip that they get to know each other (and also themselves) by experiencing the humanity of India.
Powell wrote, “…the feudal age is most important for the development of Western Europe: this importance lies chiefly in the process of state-building which had its origins here” (Powell 1). The monarch of this feudal society was responsible for state-building, centralization, and maintaining unity. Therefore, the throne was heredity, so that a single family maintained political power throughou...
It was here that he became more maturely and outwardly aware of the social injustices brought upon a people group as a result of a harsh political system with no rights for its Indian people. It was not just the mere understanding and compassion for others that was born. It was also his direct experience with the dehumanizing treatment at the hands of the European authorities. He took this experience back with him to India, and whether it was with intent or not, he began to build upon his experience and gain a reputation for “saintliness” (Lal, 2012, p. 2) with those he came in contact with. Again, it was not only his physical ability to exude peace and love to people but his educational experience afforded him the ability to write detailed and adequate propositions to facilitate change among his nation. Even more notable is his response to the resistance of authorities, whereby he remained a peaceful opposition in spite of imprisonment. Ultimately, Gandhi’s driving force was to see India a nation independent and at peace. Gandhi, by the late stages of his movement had gained such a following and support that he boldly challenged those that felt and believed in his mission be just as committed as he was to lay down their lives (in the turn your other cheek type of action) in order to see India freed (Lal,
After the British empire separated itself from India, inner-country religious problems began to arise. The Muslims and Hindus of the liberated India released their pent up anger on each other and combusted into civil war right after they won the peaceful war against Great Britain. This war distressed Gandhi, who has insight into the unity of mankind, and encouraged him to go on a hunger strike until the brutality ceased. While on his near-death bed, he is approached by a Hindu who “killed a child” because the Muslims “killed [his] son,” and in response, Gandhi said that the way out of his “Hell is to “Find a [Muslim] child, a child whose mother and father have been killed and raise him as your own,” therefore the man would be able to see the equality in all religions. Throughout his entire life, Gandhi, though a Hindu, never prosecuted anyone for their religion and was able to see through everyone’s eyes as fellow brother’s and sisters, not enemies. This ability to empathize and recognize the general unity of the human population allowed Gandhi insight into the human
Feudalism was an economic and governmental structure in which land was divided into smaller pieces based on people’s servitude. Vassals were subjects to whom a higher authority would grant land in exchange for their loyalty and service. The kingdom’s ruler would give his higher-classed subjects vassalages, making them lord of their territory. These lords and nobles then split their land among their own servants, who in turn did the same. In this system, the King’s land was broken up into many small subdivisions.
Civil Disobedience: Martin Luther King Jr, Gandhi, and the Legacy of Peace They Left Behind
Gandhi identified a patterned as he studied civil disobedience cases in different countries: people who fought for their rights through non-violent tactics where eventually successful. People headed better outcomes when they mobilized in combined effort. For instance, in the following cases people have mobilized by unifying, organizing major labor strikes and/or refusing to consume products and services from their oppressors.
Orwell manipulates the audience’s perception of sainthood by mentioning a very popular and saint-like person, Gandhi. Many believe he is a symbol of wisdom, peace, and life-fulfillment. Thus, many will respect his sayings and his life choices. So, when Orwell reveals to the audience that Gandhi has actually “behaved in an inconsiderate way to his wife and children…on three occasions,” it is shocking. Orwell emphasizes this emotion of surprise by stating proof as to how Gandhi has misbehaved, such as letting his family die. Much like a court trial, the side with the most shocking evidence is what persuades the jury to support that side. The emotion of surprise catches people off-guard and vulnerable to whatever is going to happen next
During the Middle Ages, feudalism served as the “governing political, social, and economic system of late medieval Europe.” Feudalism consisted of feudal liege lords giving land and protection to vassals, common men, in exchange for their allegiance and military service. Although this principle may at first sound like a fair trade, it in actuality restricted the entire society and took away every bit of their independence. In essence, this system could even be compared to a “mini-dictatorship” because the common people relied on ...
...Because of Gandhi’s power, his flaw, and his catastrophe, one would say that Gandhi fits the model of a Greek tragic hero. Gandhi’s power was his heightened goodness, proven by his innumerable civil disobedience acts, where he continued to fight even while he was regularly jailed. His flaw was his tolerance and acceptance of everyone which led to his catastrophic assassination by Nathuram Godse. Gandhi’s teachings of nonviolence and peace still live on today, as they have inspired many other human rights leaders, such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Nelson Mandela. Gandhi’s teachings are responsible for the successes of civil rights movements in other countries. He not only helped free India from British rule, but also gave people new thoughts about violence and imperialism around the world. Even today, India continues to live and remember the tutelage of Gandhi.
11. Tendulkar, Vijay. Interview. Elizabeth Roy. Indian Review of Books. Vol.2, no.7, April-May, 1993. Quoted by Samik Bandyopadhyay. Introduction. Vijay Tendulkar’s Collected Plays in Translation. New Delhi: OUP, 2002, xli-xlii.