The Galveston Plan came to existence because of the devastation caused by the Galveston Hurricane in 1900. The city was demolished when the massive hurricane destroyed its economic power, but also took 6000 lives from the city. As a result, the city began a plan to rebuild the city, which meant creating a commission to help facilitate the process of rebirth. What started taking place was a form of popular election for some of these commissioners on the board, which at first was two out five, but later switched to being popular election for all five commissioners. As a result, each commissioner would be in charge of different municipal departments for rebuilding and they would come together to act as a legislative body working on issues the
Several delegates submitted plans for consideration that would strengthen the national government two such plans were the Virginia and the New Jersey Plan. Despite much of Virginia’s plan being accepted, if a compromise had not been reached the New Jerseys plan would have been more workable because it offered: equal representation of the states, provided operational means to congress, and was not a radical departure from the Articles of the Confederation. To begin with the unequal representation of the states in the Virginia Plan was of great concern and controversy while the New Jersey Plan retained equal representation of the states. Virginia proposed a bicameral legislature that included elections by the people and appointments by those elected.
In response to the Virginia Plan, William Patterson created the New Jersey Plan (sometimes called the Patterson Plan) in order to give an even amount of vote throughout the colonies. It was also based on the Articles of Confederation, or “it was a proposal to ‘revise’ the Articles of Confederation”. This was the original constitution for the government that was supposed to follow after the Revolutionary War. The document generally stated that the Congress should be able to create taxes. The Congress should also be allowed to “regulate and interstate commerce”. The executive and judicial branch would be created under the New Jersey Plan. The executive branch was able to choose the members of the judicial branch, who then would serve for life. The New Jersey Plan also stated that there should be equal vote throughout the states, or each state should have the same amount of the vote as all the other states. The document also stated that ...
Hurricane Harvey is located in Houston, Texas. It was the first major hurricane to make landfall in the United States since Wilma in 2005, ending a record 12- years period with no major hurricanes making landfall in the country. The sprawling and soaked Houston metro area and other deluge towns in southeast Texas braced for devastating floods and pummeling rainfall on Sunday as tropical storm Harvey stalled over land and drenched dogged searchers and anxious residents. Houston, Texas has set up shelters for people to stay out of the weather with good food, clean and fresh water, and dry, clean clothes. It is getting bigger and it has been confirmed that there will be more flooding close by to that area.
... A 17-foot seawall, which ultimately reached 10.4 miles, was built along the island’s Gulf Coast. They also launched a project designed to increase the island’s overall elevation above sea level by using city blocks (Ackerman). Despite all these renovations and rebuilding, Galveston was no longer the distinguished commercial nexus of Texas (Hoogenboom). As the hurricane ended, the city of Galveston ended.
Most of the destructions from the events of August 29th 2005, when Katrina Hit the City Of New Orleans, were not only caused by the storm itself; but also, by failure of the engineering of the levee system protecting the entire infrastructure of the city. The years of poor decision making and avoidance of the levee system led to one of the most catastrophic events in the history of the United States. Throughout our research, we have identified three key players in charge of the levee system design, construction and maintenance. These three organizations are the Unites States Corps of Engineers, the New Orleans Levee District and the Louisiana Department of Transportation. The consequences of the hurricane showed the organizations negligence in the design, construction and maintenance of the protective walls. Later independent sresearch showed that more than 50 levees and food walls failed during the passage of the hurricane. This failure caused the flooding of most of New Orleans and all of ST. Bernard Parish. The Unites States Corps of Engineers had been in charge of the of the levee system and flood walls construction since the 1936 flood act. According to the law, the Louisiana Department of Transportation is in charge to inspect the overall design and engineering practices implemented in the construction of the system. Once the levee systems were finished, they were handed over to the New Orleans Levee District for regular maintenance and periodically inspections. The uncoordinated actions of these three agencies resulted in the complete failure of a system that was supposed to protect the people of New Orleans. The evidence is clear that this catastrophic event did not happened by chance. The uncoordinated response of these...
Hurricane Katrina was the most expensive hurricane that hit the United States ever. The hurricane was the third strongest of the season, behind both Hurricane Wilma and Rita. The hurricane was the third strongest of the season, behind both Hurricane Wilma and Rita.
This may be a common trend in every large city if more hurricanes strike. Urban development in almost all cities in America has made flooding worse than it should be. The creation of buildings, asphalt, concrete, and other things have eliminated much of the grass in the cities, which will cause less rainwater to be absorbed into the ground. Although most major cities have rain drainage channels, Houston may not have had enough of them, which caused them to fill up with water. The water had nowhere to go except on the streets. The city of Houston avoided floodplains. The floodplains that were present in Houston were often ignored by construction companies. These companies chose to build houses on the floodplains. This is discussed in this quote by Sean Breslin, “In the months following Hurricane Harvey, Houstonians face an important decision: respect the floodplain and stop building homes wherever, or continue to ignore the lessons taught by countless flood events and build more homes in the most vulnerable areas of town” (Breslin n. pag). I feel that if the civilians and building companies in Houston would have respected the floodplains years earlier, fewer lives would have been lost in this hurricane. Coral reefs provide excellent coastline protection which slows the hurricane just before landfall. The death of coral reefs also could have played a large role in why the hurricane was so
Prior to the hurricane, Galveston, Texas was one of the wealthiest cities in the country and the most important seaport in Texas. Galveston was no stranger to storms as it weathered many of them and dodged many others, therefore, the storm should not have been unexpected because the Gulf Coast experienced at least eleven hurricanes back to back in the nineteenth century (Rubin, 2012). However, Galveston never faced a direct hit like it did with Hurricane Galveston. Hurricane Galveston made landfall on September 8, 1900 in Galveston, Texas as a Category 4 hurricane. Moreover, the storm had 131-155 miles per hour winds, with storm surges between 13 and 18 feet. Galveston cost approximately $30 million in damage, destroyed over 3,600 buildings,
The Texas Commission most important purpose is to administer the Texas Lottery, which had been authorized by a constitutional amendment approved by the voters in November 1991, and which had been administered by the Office of the Comptroller of Public Accounts, 1991-1993. In April 1994, the newfound commission was made responsible for the Texas Bingo Enabling Act, which was transferred from the Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission. The commission's executive director is required to exercise strict control over all lottery games conducted in Texas, to ensure integrity, security, honesty, and fairness.
On a Friday evening , August 25, 2017 through September 3rd, Hurricane Harvey became the first ever category 4 hurricane to ever hit the United States since the 2004 Hurricane Charley. This hurricane brought along with it heavy rainfall, damaging winds, and a very powerful storm surge. In some areas, there was rainfall topping fifty inches. Harvey devastated a good part of Texas, stretching from Houston to Louisiana. There have been 84 recorded fatalities . There have been volunteers for the survivors who have lost everything, some even including loved ones. Houses collapsed, walls caved in, and some people even had to await on their rooftops until rescue. More than 300,000 people did not have power on the gulf coast. More than a dozen tornadoes
Hurricane Charley was one of the many hurricanes which devastated the Atlantic in 2004. The Category 4 hurricane began as a tropical wave off the coast of Africa then moved to around Barbados, where it strengthened to a tropical depression. When the hurricane hit the Caribbean coast, it then became a tropical storm and finally became a hurricane around Jamaica. A notable feature about the hurricane is how quickly it strengthened from a Category 1 hurricane to a Category 4. (Took a couple of hours.)
Death and destruction brought from the Bahamas all the way past Mississippi’s western border, all because of Hurricane Katrina. This hurricane was one of the deadliest the United States has ever experienced. Hurricane Katrina had a horrid impact on the southern US, some areas much worse than others.
Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Harvey were two very destructive hurricanes that left many people without a place to call home. Both hurricanes brought mass destruction to states in the South causing mass evacuation. Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Harvey are alike in many ways, while also very different.
Planet Earth is under attack by the very entities charged with its protection. Human beings are systematically destroying the planet and are deaf to its, so far, relatively subtle warnings. When temperatures rise by just a fraction of a degree, or yearly precipitation amounts increase by just an inch or two, these changes can be imperceptible. However, when these small changes accumulate after a period of years they can result in natural disasters that are uncommon to certain geographic areas. Ocean temperatures have steadily been on the rise for years. These changing temperatures have the potential to irrevocably change weather patterns for the entire world. In August of 2011, Hurricane Irene gave much of the east coast of the United States a taste of what changes in global weather patterns can do. The hurricane showed many communities how vastly underprepared, and unequipped they are to deal with such a storm, and it served as a wake up call to the human race, to take better care of the planet. A case study of these realizations can be viewed through the prism of severe weather related events at the Humane Society of Ocean City.
Every year many natural disasters happen around the world. In New Orleans, and several other states, a devastating hurricane struck. High speed winds and major flooding caused many people to lose their homes and even their lives. Many people have heard of hurricane Katrina, but not everybody knows what caused it and the affect it had on the United States.