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Essay on history of telescopes
Galileo Galilei and his contribution to the world of science
Galileo Galilei and his contribution to the world of science
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Galileo Galilei was one of the greatest astronomer and mathematician of the seventeenth century. His support of support of Copernican cosmology against the Church’s strong opposition and his development of a telescope and his unorthodox opinions as philosopher of science were the central concerns of his career. He struggled brutally for freedom from the higher authority because of unable to resist his appetite for scientific investigation. However, Galileo’s science and career did not get him any where farther in his life; he was forced to withdraw his theories before the inquisition, and was sentenced to indefinite imprisonment by the pope and eventually became blind. Life of Galileo is visualized clearly in Bertolt Brecht’s the most fascinating novel Galileo. Galileo is one of Brecht’s truly brilliant characters, immensely alive complex human.
Throughout his life Galileo dedicated himself to science and research and discovered many amazing things; one of them was a telescope. The observation of the sky, which Galileo carried out with his telescope led to the discovery of the satellites of Jupiter and to Galileo’s increased adherence the Copernican system. He studied Saturn and observed the phases of Venus and the sunspots. In between his studies and discoveries Galileo began to encounter serious opposition of the motion of the earth. He discovered that it was earth that roll around the sun. “By that time, with any luck, they will be learning that the earth rolls round the sun, and that their mother, the captains, the scholars, the princes, and the Pope are rolling with it'; (Galileo, pg49). Galileo’s theory about motion of earth was judged as erroneous by Cardinal Bellarmino because it went against the doctrine of the Church. He believed that the god was the one who created this world the best way he could and that is the way it should remain. The god is the only one who has all the wisdom, knowledge, and power and he knows his work better than anybody does else does. “Does it not appear more probable even to you that the Creator knows more about his work that the Created?'; (Galileo, pg79). Furthermore, the Cardinal also believed that once the thing is written in the Holy bible and approved by many scholars it can not be changed; because by changing anything or questioning anything about god’s creation would be like questioning the god. And this would completely destroy many people’ faith in god.
In his Letter to The Grand Duchess Christina, Galileo challenged the widely accepted religious beliefs of the time, claiming that the conflict lies in their interpretation, not the context. In Galileo’s eyes science was an extremely useful tool that could and should have been used in interpreting the Scriptures. He argued that “the intention of the Holy Ghost is to teach us how one goes to heaven not how heaven goes” (Grand Duchess). The purpose of science was not to counter what the bible teaches; rather its purpose was to help explain the teachings of the scriptures. Furthermore, it was “prudent to affirm that the holy Bible can never speak untruth-whenever its true meaning is understood” (Grand Duchess). However, because of the terminology in which the bible was presented the perception of what the Scripture defined as truth was skewed. The Bible was written so that the common man could understand it and follow its commandments. The people also showed a greater inte...
The condemnation of Galileo by the Catholic Church is a prime example of the vast dispute between religion and science. It is widely believed that his support of Copernicanism, the theory that the earth rotates on its own axis, led to his condemnation by the Catholic Church. However, modern historians disagree with this belief and as a matter of fact they do not believe that indeed there is warfare between religion and science. Under the content of condemnation of Galileo are subjects such as Copernicanism, Eucharist, Popes Paul 5 and atomism.
Who is Galileo the Great? Galileo Galilei was born February 15, 1564, Pisa Italy. Galileo is a Italian natural philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who made fundamental contributions to the sciences of motion, astronomy, and strength of materials and to the development of the scientific method. His idea of the law of the falling bodies, and the trajectories marked the beginning of the fundamental change in the study of motion. Galileo has a book about the nature was written in the language of mathematics. That book changed the idea of natural philosophy from a verbal, qualitative account to a mathematical one in a way experiments became a noticed as a method for discovering the facts of nature. All of this finally lead
Many people know the old story of Rapunzel. It is a fairy tale that has been told many times, and in different ways. The original German version is much different than the modern Disney version, “Tangled”. However, both stories give an interesting and different Gender perspective. In classic fairy tales the woman is usually in need of rescuing, and the prince is the one who rescues her. In both of these stories the Gender roles are somewhat different, especially in Tangled. Tangled presents different gender roles than most classical fairy tales because, Rapunzel is more independent, does not fall in love immediately, and saves the prince in the end.
Galileo’s fame was growing as a brilliant mathematician. He wrote several articles, and one of them ended up in the hands of another mathematician. His name was Guidobaldo Del Monte, and he helped Galileo get a job at the University of Pisa. When he arrived, he was expected to give lessons on the ideas of Aristotle, that the Earth was the center of the universe. He was also expected to wear a toga, the traditional garment of the Greeks. He thought of that as a nuisance, particularly during experiments. This caused him to get fined more than he got paid.
Galileo Galilei was an Italian philosopher born in 1564. As an adult, he didn’t believe the universal geocentric theory of the planets and heavens which was established by the Catholic Church. The church taught that the Earth was the center of the universe and everything revolved around our planet. Another theory that the Church supported was that the Earth stood still while the sun rose and set every day. Society in the 1500’s believed that the Pope spoke for God through a divine connection and to against the church was to go against God. To speak out against the church in this time was strictly taboo. If one was to speak against the church was considered to be heresy, which is exactly what happened to Galileo. Galileo invented the telescope and began studying the heavens above and noticed that changes within the stars and planets. He noticed that the “stars” that surrounded Jupiter moved. He came to the conclusion through rational thinking, that the Copernicus’ heliocentric theory was correct. Copernicus was a scientist and philosopher whose theory proposed that the sun was stationary and the heavens orbit around the sun. Galileo tried to convince the church not to aboli...
Cultural competence is defined as "all of the strategies and practices need to work effectively with patients from diverse groups based on an understanding of their beliefs, values, and social milieu"(Dreachslin, Gilbert, & Malone, 2013). The United States currently has "glaring disparities in access to health care and levels of treatment quality experienced by different groups" (Dreachslin, Gilbert, & Malone, 2013). These disparities can be measured through comparison of reference groups to another groups health (Buchbinder & Shanks, 2017). Integrating cultural competence in health care, is meant to address these deficiencies in quality care. An organization that has properly integrated is "vigilant and addresses disparities in
To provide culturally competent health care, self-awareness is an important indicator of success. This means being able to recognize similarities and differences within and between different cultural groups. Part of being culturally competent for healthcare providers is understanding one 's own views on culture, as well as the views of the client. Understanding culturally diverse populations; their values, traditions, history, and institutions is not simply political correctness. It is imperative to eliminating health care disparities and providing high quality client care. After completing the cultural competence self-test, my results indicate that I should improve my cultural competence within health care delivery.
Due to America’s immigration patterns as of roughly the 1990s, there has been a spike in diverse population residing in the United States. In order to deliver professional standards of care, cultural competence is important. Why? Clients could file claims for health care provider’s failure to successfully diagnose and treat a certain disease or symptom due to the provider’s lack of knowledge of the patient’s health belief, cultural beliefs, traditions part of religion…etc. Due to the rise in immigration, we have such disparities in the country when it comes to health care services, if health care practitioners can treat every patient or client in the most cultural competent manner then that is when we, as a nation, can reduce this disparity.
Galileo, Kepler, and Newton were among the thinkers responsible for a shift in scientific understanding. Before science in Europe did little without reliance on the church, but these thinkers set the stage for a new scientific pattern that separated the physical from the spiritual and set out to learn the natural laws that govern the physical world. Each of these men, through their varying pursuits, helped Europe to envision a world that was necessarily godless, but could operate automatically under constant natural laws.
Cultural competence as a concept is broad and inclusive of areas that go beyond race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and belief system. An approach to the care of patients should also take into account the values that the patient wishes to adhere to when receiving care. Being culturally competent extends to respecting religious traditions, family hierarchy, personal space, and end-of-life matters. Attempts at cultural brokerage can be made to educate patients while being cognizant that our model of care and interventions do not supersede the patient’s cultural values. (Dreachslin, Gilbert, & Malone,
In today’s society, it has been noted that the number of minority groups with diverse ethnic backgrounds is increasing, which calls for a more specified and skilled manner of delivering quality patient care. The impact that cultural and religious diversity plays in facilitating the access to adequate health care, may be dependent on many factors; nevertheless, culturally sensitive care may narrow the gap of health care disparities that affect minority groups. Hence, when culturally sensitive care is understood, it promotes the delivery of culturally competent care that is individualized and holistic; thus, geared to meet the specific needs of the patient. Additionally, when patient care is provided in this manner, it strengthens the health
Cultural competency is critical in reducing health disparities and improving access to high quality health care. Included below are some of the ways cultural competent healthcare organizations and environments benefit the individual patients and the health care professionals, increased mutual respect between the patients and the patients family and the health care professional, increased trust will encourage patients participation and involvement in health care practices. Promotes the inclusion of all family and community members, assists patient and patient’s families in their care and understanding the choices they have, encourages the patients and the family to take responsibility for their individual health. Cultural competency, improves patient health, increases preventative care for the patient as they are aware of the condition they are in, saves the company money as the amount of repeated duties will be reduced, cost saves in the treatments and legal costs and decreases. The health care company will benefit from being culturally competent as it incorporates different perspectives, ideas and strategies into the decision making process, Decreases barriers that slow down the healing process, moves toward meeting legal and regulatory guidelines and improves efficiency of care and
As stated on the Provider’s guide to Quality & Culture website, cultural competence “requires an honest assessment of our positive and negative assumptions about others” and “an honest desire not to allow biases to keep us from treating individuals with respect” (Management Science for Health, n.d.). Exploring the website provided a refreshing reminder of helpful ways to communicate with diverse patient populations. The review of the cultural competence and health disparities information highlighted the importance of cultural education, noting the negative outcomes that result when cultural differences are ignored or misunderstood (Management Science for Health, n.d.). Having used this website many times in the past, the information was not
233). Other concepts are health and illness are perceived differently by all based on individual perceptions, social class, and coping mechanisms; different approaches to diagnosis, healing, and care, including folk, and western medical interventions may be required for treatment of illness; and for a nurse to effectively deliver care for a patient of a different background other than their own, effective intercultural communication must take place (Transcultural Nursing, n.d.). In order for a nurse to provide sensitive culture care he/she must understand the meanings of these concepts. Cultural competence is defined as a combination of practice viewpoints, congruent behaviors, and guidelines that allows nurses to provide great care in cross cultural situations (Leininger & McFarland, 2002, p.78). Not only do nurses need to be aware of his/her own beliefs but be willing to learn and value someone else’s belief. These concepts are strengths of this theory because not being aware of cultural health differences can be a major block to helping a patient. With education and trying to find a medium may be the perfect fit for delivering the best