This essay will critically evaluate how the death of Ian Tomlinson in 2009 has impacted upon British policing. This essay will first start off with a brief summary of the G20 Demonstration and the death of Ian Tomlinson, followed by the Human Rights Act and how this has linked to the death of Tomlinson. This essay will also explain the outcome of the investigation made by the IPCC and explain the issues which aroose.
On 23rd March 2009, the days leading up to the G20 demonstration The Joint Parliamentary Committee on Human Rights published their report on Human Rights and their approach to policing protests. The report recommended that police should focus on improving dialogue with protesters and regular and relevant human rights training
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At one point he had been admitted into “red mist mode” for being caught red handed trying to access the Police National Computer because his wife was involved in a road traffic accident. (Ward, 2012). Due to PC Harwood having a previous background of allegations made against him and how he was able to leave a previous force and join the Metropolitan Police it affects British Policing. The reason for this is because when applying for a role as a Police Officer, every person has their vetting done. The metropolitan Police should have looked into his previous jobs and checked if PC Harwood had any previous allegations as he worked in a different force. This has caused a huge impact on British Policing and has caused trust issues with the public. The reason for this is because, the Metropolitan Police had no investigated his previous pasted before and the vetting procedure is meant to check a persons previous past. This not only impact British Policing but also raises concern on how the Metropolitan Police consider people through the vetting procedures. PC Harwood had a previous background history of being a “dirty” officer and a previous past. On Thursday 19th July 2009, Constable Simon Harwood was cleared of manslaughter of Ian Tomlinson which occurred on the 1st April 2009. The verdict came to a conclusion after a four week …show more content…
This has cost Metropolitan Police hundred and thousands of pounds to investigate what actually happened to Ian Tomlinson. Due to the amount of money which was spent dealing with this case. On the 9th April 2009, the Chair of the Independent Police Complaints Commission, Nick Hardwick wanted to have a national debate over how police deal with public order. He demanded that police officers were trained up to date when dealing with protests.(Syal, 2009) On 19th April 2009 in the Independent Newspaper, Shami Chakrabarti said a review of policing was required. The reason for this was because of the way police dealt with the G20 protest and overall protests which occurred. (Ipcc.gov.uk, 2009). This shows that police which are not up to date with public order training causes an impact on policing. (Greer and McLaughlin, 2010) Another reason why this has impacted British Policing is because the Independent Police Complaints Commission wanted to have a debate about the way the police should deal with public order. This shows that the IPCC are aware and officers must make sure their training is up to date. This means that linking back to the death of Ian Tomlinson, if officers had been properly trained for public order, the likelihood for his death could have been
This essay will introduce two competing perspectives of policing, they are the orthodox and revisionist perspectives. This essay will then relate the orthodox and revisionist perspectives to the themes of lack of structure, industrialisation and finally hostility. The essay will then discuss whether the creation of the Metropolitan Police by Sir Robert Peel in 1829 was an effective
Officers are known as public servants, they are held at higher standards than everyday citizens. According to Wyatt-Nichol & Franks(2009) when officers behave unethically, it is a violation of public trust and damages the image of law enforcement everywhere (p. 40). Officer should receive in-death training of cases that make headlines within the newspapers or media. For example, the Freddie Gray or Eric Garner case could be used in scenarios with the steps taken to avoid any ethical dilemmas they could possibly run into. Updated training should be conducted every 6 months for ethics alone in addition to the yearly training that’s already in place. The civilian review board can recommend more training of officers that engage in unethical behavior or misconduct. Intense training, followed through with morals is important factors to avoiding the civilian review board and their process in reviewing investigations against officers. When all training officers receive has been overlooked and failed to comply. Police officers should be held accountable for their actions, through training officers learn to understand their position and need within the community. Although training is offered yearly and on an as need basics, officers are held to a high standard within their community. Some tend to lose sight of their mission of daily duties which are to maintain order and
The duties of a police officer are to ensure that there is maintenance of public peace and order. In order to perform their duties and obligations they require certain powers, authority in order to perform their duties and this extends the power to arrest. This paper focuses on the decision of the court in DPP v Carr, the amendments on Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act (LEPRA) section 99 and a critical evaluation of statements made by Sentas and Cowdery.
The issue of stop and search is considered to be an extremely controversial area. There is significant debate on the legitimacy and the accountability of police powers when conducting stop and search, which has led to concerns about the effectiveness of policing. Reiner (2000: 80) has stated that policing is ‘beyond legitimation’ as a result of consistent complaints concerning the abuse of police powers within stop and search. The cause for concern is not only raised by the public, or other agencies, but is now recognised by senior British police officers (Ainsworth, 2002: 28). The cause of concern has been raised through complaints that police target ethnic minorities through stop and search and public opinion, that stop and search is a form police harassment of black individuals (Home Office, 19897). It is said that this is a causal factor of the disproportionate in policing (Delsol and Shiner, 2006). Throughout this essay the effectiveness and legitimacy of stop and search and the negative relationship it has built with the public will be critically discussed.
The media takes this news focuses on the protestor’s violence and showcases them as the ones creating a scene. The media then showcases police as the ones that have to deal with the situation by detaining citizens, thus making them look like the good guys. The mayor and chief police also take away from the citizen’s freedom by allocating a 7pm curfew and a 25 block ‘no protest zone’. So if individuals were to not follow the set curfew they can be detained even if they had nothing to do with the protest. Police started attacking citizens even before curfew, which stripped citizens more of their freedom and liberty to protest. Individuals who were leaving their office, and who were not apart of the protest were also taken to prison, even when they followed procedure. This proves that the actions taken were not a part of the due process system where we protect individuals but rather part of the crime control module where we screen out innocent people and get them into the
The emphasis on the need for police officers to have a post secondary education is not new. During the Political Era of policing, police officers were often politically appointed, regardless of their level of capacity to do the job. Forms of corruption like nepotism, bribes, and politically based decisions were commonplace. As such, the public’s perception of the police was that they were lawless and their trust and confidence soon eroded away. This era resulted in a need for reform. ...
big problem it is only proved the police wrong when it is clear they are trained to serve and
It is a myth to believe that an officers job is spend fighting dangerous crimes, in reality officers spend more time handing smaller cases. For example, police officers spend a lot of time doing daily tasks such as giving speeding tickets and being mediators in disputes (Kappeler & Potter, 2005). Handing out speeding tickers and handling minor disputes are far from fighting crime. Police officers spend more time doing preventive measures (Kappeler & Potter, 2005). Preventive measures involve officers intervening to prevent further altercations. Victor Kappeler and Gary Potter discussed the myth of crime fighting as invalid and misleading notions of an officer’s employment.
“The police are the public and the public are the police; the police being only members of the public who are paid to give full time attention to duties which are incumbent on every citizen in the interests of community welfare and existence,” Robert Peel. The use of force for police officers is something I find to be justified and right, because it can possible help save the officers life and any witnesses lives.
Background and Audience Relevance: According to the Human Rights Watch 2012 report on Police Brutality and Accountability in the United States; police brutality has become one the most serious human rights violation. As citizens of the United States it is our duty to make sure that those with authority don 't take advantage of their power.
The idea of modern policing and its implementation were introduced by Sir Robert Peel and his nine principles of policing including, This idea along with the bureaucratic structure was then reinforced by August Vollmer, Bruce Smith and O.W. Wilson. Professionalism was the first step in the direction of new, modern policing with the formulation of specialized police units and management principles borrowed from business administration (Walker and Katz, 2013). According to Steinheider and Wuestewald (2008), modern police organizations are mostly top – down, have centralized decision making and are extremely rule oriented, just like any large, modern day bureaucratic institution. Lastly, one important and possibly the most evident characteristic of p...
Both of these articles were focused on the Strategy of Policing, but the author’s approaches to the ‘hot topics,’ couldn’t be more difficult. Williams and Murphy focused on the different eras of policing, and how the racial conflicts have overlapped policing efforts. Whereas, Kelling and Moore focused on how police have evolved with the eras. The articles were dramatically different, however, the policing eras: Political, Reform, and Community Orientated eras were influenced largely as the main focuses for each academic article.
The lack of training police officers is causing unnecessary incidents, is it true? Does the lack of Critical thinking, values, Ethics and Understanding the role as a police officer contribute to hire number of incidents? There is a chance that answer to this questions might always be divided, why? Well because officers will tend to defend their side and how the view the problem and the public will also defend their side and how they view the problem, for example most officers would probably say that people do not comply with their orders or the public might outcry because of the use of excessive force, it is most certain that there will never be an agreement on who is wright or wrong. Regardless of the outcome of who is wright
The ability of police to exercise discretion was originally designed to allow officers to maintain the peace by allowing certain types of crime to remain unpunished in certain circumstances. This essay will aim to explore the issue of police discretion that suggests that the application of discretion works against the interests of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. In drawing this conclusion, this essay will examine the relationship between policing ideals and the use of discretionary powers and the relationship between policing attitudes and the use of discretionary powers. A discussion regarding the use of police discretion towards Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples can scarcely be mentioned without making reference to arguably the greatest failing by a police officer since indigenous Australians were formally recognised as citizens. Further to this, the case of Mulrunji Doomadgee (Cameron) will be examined from the point of view of officer discretionary powers. The penultimate point to be made will involve the Anglo Australian response to this case as well as the ongoing relationship between indigenous Australians and the institutions that govern them. As mentioned, the first point will involve policing ideals and their relationship to discretionary powers.
American law enforcement agencies are based off the English models which began in the early 1800’s. In 1829, the English Parliament passed the Metropolitan Police Act (Walker, 1983). Sir Robert Peel who has been credited as the father of modern policing introduced this act to Parliament (Walker, 1983). This act established the London Metropolitan Police which was the model for American policing. This method of policing incorpor...