Many studies have been conducted how various psychological theories may have an impact on medical decision making. Fuzzy-Trace Theory focuses a lot on human intuitions and how a person reacts to given information regarding gist representation and verbatim. A study carried out by Reyna (2008) investigated how much theory-based interventions worked with regards to medical decision making. The research indicates that for example if a doctor used bar charts (verbatim) to show the risks of a procedure to a patient, they would more than likely use this information to base their decision but more so rely on gist representations to fully form a decision and avoid risks. Even though the basis of decision making in medical practice is more inclined …show more content…
(2015) also investigated Fuzzy-Trace Theory and how much experts rely on gist representations especially in medicine, public health and so on. The researchers found that similarly to the Reyna (2008) Fuzzy-Trace Theory identifies a cognitive system that attempts to look for meaningful understanding which aids in reasoning and decision making. The study identified that experts in the medical field rely more so on gist based representations compared to novices. The researchers also found that verbatim is relied on when a situation demands a lot of attention and precise detail, an example being a patient with abdominal pain, losing consciousness, etc. Like many others, doctors usually stick to what they know – if the risk looks lower then take that …show more content…
The fast and frugal approach gets doctors to forget about probability and statistics and focus more on the simple yes or no type questions. This technique works well especially in an urgent case such as chest-pains where a patient does not have the time to be giving long-winded answers and must tell the doctors what he or she may need. The doctor then knows to act fast and ensure that the yes or no type questions are getting to the root of the problem and indicating to a
...health of a patient and a follow up check at the GP’s may be required.
...ard a richer view of the scientific method: The role of conceptual analysis. American Psychologist , 62 (7), 671.
In conclusion, Mr. Devi journey discussed throughout the essay, focusing on the role of the nurse in clinical decision-making. This essay looks at the Tanner (2006) model that begins with gathering relevant information about the patient and assembling that information to identify the problems. To assess and comprehend his condition Mr. Devi physical, mental and social information gathered from a nursing perspective. Based on Mr. Devi background, current condition and assessment, his risk factors for stroke were identified. Further, in response to his problem a nursing care plan formulated in partnership with patient and nurse considering his values, customs and spiritual belief. Nursing interventions and actions were placed based on best available
With the high degree of variations in health care, patients can be under or over treated or even treated with the wrong treatment for their illness. These unwarranted care techniques can be categorized into three different situations. The first category of unwarranted care is the use of evidence or lack thereof, based on other medical care. The way to explain this category is that a care plan for a patient is proven effective without any proof as to why. The example given by Kongstvedt (2007) is the use of beta blockers post heart attack. Beta blockers prove to be effective in nearly one h...
It has been noted from the text that our perception influences the thinking and decisions we make. It shows that choices differ because of the different understanding that individual have. In addition, our intuition is essential and at many times it provides us with guidance on how to make decisions. However, we can see that this intuition can be misleading at times and therefore the best thing is to evaluate the available evidence before making decisions. In my view decision making tends to have disciplinary across individuals. The best thing can be is to take time and individuals should not rush when it comes to making critical decisions. It is because of the outcomes that might be expected in the
There are two ways in which people make decisions in their daily life or at work: Intuitive or rational. If we talk about intuitive decision-making (IDM) we talk about the subjective decisions that are not based on any facts and purely instinctive, for example whether or not to cross the street. These decisions are fast occurring, have no any need for reasoning and are used if facts are unavailable or making a decision is very difficult.
The advanced option makes things easier for the patients. Sometimes one may make a promise and fail to attend due to unavoidable circumstances including financial (Humphries & Eddy, 2000). In fact, when one promises something chances of fulfilling it becomes even slimmer. In the event the patient turns the next day and gets the physician, this improves the delivery. The patient would feel good when their day turns for the help for the clinic. The physician also would have more flexibility in their dealing. They would be dealing one case as it comes rather than waiting for the opportune time which may not finally come to happen. The backlog will be reduced. The most pressing issue and those which are not critical will be given the same attention under this system of advanced system.
The study of psychology began as a theoretical subject a branch of ancient philosophy, and later as a part of biological sciences and physiology. However, over the years, it has grown into a rigorous science and a separate discipline, with its own sets of guidance and experimental techniques. This paper aims to study the various stages that the science of psychology passed through to reach its contemporary status, and their effects on its development. It begins with an overview of the historical and philosophical basis of psychology, discusses the development of the various schools of thought, and highlights their effects on contemporary personal and professional decision-making.
Nurses engage in clinical reasoning in order to provide effective and consistent care. According to Kozier et al (2014) clinical reasoning is “the thought process used to assess a clients evolving situation and health concerns, gather data and make decisions to solve problems within a particular clinical context to achieve better client outcomes” (p. 408). Elstein and Bordage (as cited in Jones, et al, 2009) stated that “clinical reasoning as the way clinicians think about the
Pearson (2013) clarifies “clinical decision making is essential to every aspect of care delivered to a patient” (p. 214). It is the ability to blend information and make decisions that will later be implemented in the situation. Evidence-based decision making involves choosing from a variety of possibilities and combining the knowledge through research and the scientific evaluation of one’s practice. The purpose of this paper is to analyze my decision to administer ativan by advocating for the patient and anticipating her change prior to confirming signs which provided a therapeutic response. Clinical Decision During my community placement at the cataract clinic at St. Joseph’s Hospital, one patient I observed looked extremely anxious and when I took a further look and watched her behaviour more closely, I recognized the concepts of stress and vulnerability were playing a key role in how she perceived the upcoming operation.
have to make decisions that are needed at that moment. Not only is the patient the focus but
The clinical and statistical approaches have both proven to be successful methods in clinical psychology. Each approach has its pros and cons depending on the type of situation that is being dealt with. Clinical judgment can be a complex process because it requires a patient’s data which are composed of samples, observations, signs of underlying states and the clinician’s responses. According to Sundberg, Tyler and Taplin (1973) clinical interpretation may consist of 3 different levels: Level 1 deals with clinicians being familiar with certain experiences, and therefore, making a prediction based off of that. An example of this would be the SAT or GRE assessments. Level 2 is comprised of clinicians carefully observing a patient’s behaviors and coming up with a conclusion based off of the behavior characteristics that the patient displays. In level 3, based off of the individual’s determinants in a specific situation, the clinician seeks a consistent understanding. For example, blood responses on the Rorschach test can be a determinant of hidden aggression, which would then lead to future impulsive outbursts or losing control of oneself (Sundverg, Tyler and Taplin 1973). Although both the clinical and statistical approaches have proven to be beneficial, I believe that clinical psychologists should not rely more on statistical predictions and prepackaged treatments than clinical judgment and individual patients.
The aim of this essay is to analyse four theoretical approaches to psychology, including psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive and behavioural. Analysing each approach in detail and identifying key features the approach uses to explain human behaviour. This essay will also analyse how successful each approach is in it methods, evidence gathering techniques and analyse how it can be applied to giving reasons for particular human behaviours. As well as analysing each approaches failings in it theories, methods and evidence gathering techniques.
Key words such as closed and open questions are very well explained. Differentiating when to use each type of question is described and useful for facilitating an interactive dialogue. It is important to understand how to assist the patient in relaying important details and to ensure that what the patient has expressed is understood.
problems, our intuition may provide us with the answer to that problem more helpfully or accurately