Funding for Pakistan and Culture

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Funding for Pakistan and Culture

Emancipation from the bondage of soil is not freedom for the tree,

Rabindranath Tagore, A Bengali poet from the early part of the Twentieth Century

History

The history of Pakistan as a country is a fairly short one. Pakistan was created and carved out of the country of India in 1947 when the 200-year-old Britain rule of India came to an end and a plan was made to return the continent back to local rule. There was a movement at the time led by the renowned poet Muhammad Iqbal and a prominent politician named Muhammad Ali Jinnah to create a country on the Indian Sub-continent that would be a nation for the Muslim people of the region. Pakistan was created out of the two predominantly Muslim regions in the north west and the east, creating East and West Pakistan. A war was fought in 1971 in which the eastern region split away from the western region, creating two separate nations, Bangladesh and Pakistan.

As is often the case with citizens of a new country, there is a lot of national pride among Pakistanis. Most do not lose their language or deny what ethnicity they belong to as I have seen in some Mexican American groups. Some Pakistani people I have known who were born here and have never even been to Pakistan still have pride in customs, clothing, language and religion.

Language Development

The Indian Subcontinent is a region of provinces where the people of each province speak a local language and have customs different from all other provinces. When the British established rule over the entire continent, it became apparent that they could not unit the country unless there was a language everyone could speak in common. The story is that the British actually in...

... middle of paper ...

...ural Literacy , Houghton Mifflin, 1993.

Hirsch, E.D., Jr., Cultural Literacy, What Every American Needs to Know , Houghton Mifflin, 1987.

“Immigrants and Their Educational Attainment: Some Facts and Findings,” Schwarz, Wendy, ERIC Digest ED#402398, Nov. 1996

“Language-Minority Student Achievement and Program Effectiveness”, Thomas, Dr. Wayne p. And Dr. Virginia Collier, NABE News Vol. 19, May 1, 1996

“Secondary Newcomer Programs: Helping Recent Immigrants Prepare for School Success”,Short, Deborah J., ERIC Database #ED419385, 1998.

“Trends in K-12 Social Studies,” Risinger, C. Frederick, ERIC Digest #ED351278, Oct. 1992

“Two-Way Bilingual Education Programs in Practice: A National and Local Perspective”,

ERIC Digest, ED379915, Dec. 1994

You have my permission to publish this paper on the Internet.

Michele_Iqbal@fastinet.net

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