1.1 Fundamental of Digital image processing Image is most important thing in digital image processing. An image is a visual representation of a thing, person etc are display by an optical device such as mirrors a lenses or camera [1]. An image are two dimensional function T (p, q), where x and y are spatial (plane) coordinates (p, q). This coordinates are called gray level of the image. T, p and q are all finite and discrete quantities, the image is called a digital image [1].
Following figure show the gray level image. An image is used in many fields for example entertainment, remote sensing, medical image, etc. which is very useful for human life. In this thesis gray scale image is use for remove impulse noise.
The human are received major portion of information from the environment in visual. The receiving visual data by the human in computer this process is called “digital image processing”. Digital images
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Digital image processing is many area of research in the fields of computer aided manufacturing (CAM), biomedical instrumentation, electronics, robotics, consumer and entertainment electronics, control and instrumentation and communication engineering etc. important processing such as image restoration and image enhancement[2]. Digital image processing is improving or editing digital images using a personal device or computer. Digital image technique and applications usually take an image as input and produced output. These outputs are a modified image and encoded image etc [3]. Image processing refers to a set of procedures which aims at modifying the appearance and nature of an image is either enhance its pictorial information content for user interpretation or make it suitable enough for developing applications and autonomous machine
One image type is 2D computer graphics which are a computer based generation of digital images. 2D computer graphics are mostly used for typography, cartography, technical drawings, and advertising. These graphics were created in the 1950s and based off of vector graphics. 2D Models combine geometric models, digital images, text, and mathematical functions. Components of 2D graphics can be modified and manipulated by two-dimensional transformations like translation, rotation, and scaling. Complex 2D models can be built by combining simple objects (Peterson).
The histogram of an input image is computed for selection of threshold value of a converted gray image. MATLABs ‘imhist(…)’ is the function that is used generate histogram. The appropriate threshold value has been selected, which is, then, applied to an image to threshold itself. Fig 8 and Fig 9 show an example of such images.
Dubey, R.B., et al. “The Current CAD and PACS Technologies in Medical Imaging.” International Journal of Applied Engineering Research 4.8 (2009): 1439-1456. Academic Search Complete. Web. 20 Feb. 2011.
Photography is the process of making pictures by the action of light. Light reflected from a subject forms an image of that subject on a light-sensitive device, called a camera, onto a paper-like material, called a picture. The image formed by light is then digitally or chemically processed into a photograph. The word photograph is combined from two different greek words. Photo comes from the greek word light, and graph comes from the greek word to write or draw. Altogether photography means to write or draw with light.
The Canny edge detection algorithm is commonly known as the optimal edge detector. During his research work, Canny's main intentions were to enhance the edge detectors which were already out at that time. Canny was successful in his objective and published a paper entitled "A Computational Approach to Edge Detection" in which he mentions a list of criteria which could improve current methods of edge detection. According to him, low error rate was one of the important criteria. Secondly, the edges in the image must not be missed and there must be no response to non-edges. Thirdly, the edge points must be well localized that is the distance between the edge pixels found by the detector and the actual edge must be minimum. And lastly, only one response
Digital photographs is the art and science of producing and manipulating digital photographs that are represented as bit maps. Digital photographs can be produced in a number of ways:Directly with a digital camera, By capturing a frame from a video and By scanning a conventional photograph.
Digital technology, offer to us images at such a widely that our eyes are often numbed by visual
Every picture taken is unique and is has its own characteristics given to it by its taker. Much like every individual person, each photo has a story and an attitude. All these distinctive qualities are given to the picture by the photographer with a particular purpose. To set up the desired image, there must be proper steps taken in order to insure perfection. The first...
What do you consider art? Paintings, sculptures, drawings, or maybe something else. I know, when I think of art, I think of photography. Photography Is used for business, science, manufacturing, art, recreational purposes, mass communication, and more. Photography is using light to do amazing things, and some people think of photography as a story that just needs to be told. Ansel Adams probably believed this. He said, “You don’t take a photograph, you make it.” Photography has a long interesting history, like the fact that the word photography is made up of two greek words, photos meaning ‘light’ and graphein which is ‘to draw’ ! Photography also has some complicated techniques to get a hang of taking good photos. Have you heard of the rule of thirds? Or do you know how a camera works? Well, that will all be explained. Maybe, by the end you will take up photography too. This essay will explore the history and types of cameras and the basic rules for taking photographs.
The World Turning Digital: computer is seen in virtually all aspects of our lives. From the mobile phones we use, the Television we watch etc. Makes it pretty interesting to found out how this work.
All the direct and indirect techniques that are used to produce an image of the
Virtual reality can be defined as a, "technology that enables users to enter computer generated worlds and interface with them three dimensionally through sight, sound, and touch" (Newquist 93). Virtual reality combines computer simulation and visualization into a single, coherent whole (Peterson 8). Researchers say it embodies an attempt to eliminate the traditional distinction between the user and the machine. Virtual reality is intended to provide a means of naturally and intelligently interacting with information (8). Virtual reality is contending to be the interface of the future, allowing ordinary users to use their senses to interact with complex data.
Visual communication becomes increasingly important as computers, television, and film become the primary media of communication. Each of these is primarily a visual medium, in which messages are communicated through pictures. Words support the communication of those images.
The information can be expressed through words, numbers, sounds, and images. By better understanding digital technology, we improve our control over such information.
Digital camera is a very important tool nowadays. People would always want to save their memories in the shape of pictures that will last forever. People were amazed when the first ever camera introduced back in hundreds of years ago. At that time camera consisted of large and impractical components and it was very hard to use. In fact, it even took quite some time to develop the pictures on the paper. But now there are some products of digital camera that are very easy to use and with its pocket-sized feature, one can carry it everywhere. There are several advantages of using digital camera: very easy to use, easy to carry on, instant feedback; which means one can immediately review the captured pictures and erase any pictures that they don’t like. One real advantage of digital camera is that one can share the pictures with other people easily thanks to the high speed internet connection. Before digital camera one has to print pictures, paying for postage, and waiting for the pictures to be delivered. Gone were that days since it is possible now to share the pictures online within minutes.