Blisters, Pediatric
Introduction
A blister is a raised bubble of skin filled with liquid. Blisters often develop in an area of the skin that repeatedly rubs or presses against another surface (friction blister). Friction blisters can occur on any part of the body but usually develop on the hands or feet. Long-term pressure on the same area of the skin can also lead to areas of hardened skin (calluses).
What are the causes?
A blister can be caused by:
• An injury.
• A burn.
• An allergic reaction.
• An infection.
• Exposure to irritating chemicals.
• Friction, especially in an area with a lot of heat and moisture.
Friction blisters often result from:
• Sports.
• Repetitive activities.
• Using tools and doing other activities without wearing
…show more content…
• Feel warm.
• Itch.
• Be painful to the touch.
How is this diagnosed?
A blister is diagnosed with a physical exam.
How is this treated?
Treatment usually involves protecting the area where the blister has formed until the skin has healed. Other treatments may include:
• A bandage (dressing) to cover the blister.
• Extra padding around and over the blister, so that it does not rub on anything.
• Antibiotic ointment.
Most blisters break open, dry up, and go away on their own within 1-2 weeks. Blisters that are very painful may be drained before they break open on their own. If the blister is large or painful, it can be drained by:
Some blisters may need to be drained by a health care provider.
Follow these instructions at home:
• Protect the area where the blister has formed as told by your child’s health care provider.
• Keep your child’s blister clean and dry. This helps prevent infection.
• Do not pop the blister. This can cause infection
If your child was prescribed an antibiotic, use it as told by your child’s health care provider. Do not stop using the antibiotic even if your child’s condition improves.
•
• Have your child wear different shoes until the blister heals.
• Have your child avoid the activity that cause the blister until the blister
Pemphigus vulgaris is a serious but rare autoimmune disorder of the epithelial cells and mucosal lining of the skin. The first cases were recorded by McBride in 1771 and by Whichman in 1979. McBride was to describe the first to casualties as being caused by “bloody ichor” and “putrid ulcers”. (Jordon, 2013) However, Whichman was the one who would originally name the disease as pemphigus. The word “pemphigus” is of Greek origin which means blister or bubble. (Jordon, 2013) As the name suggests, this disease causes painful blisters or bullous erosions of the squamous epithelia and mucous membranes. It can be sub-classified based on the location of the lesions in the epidermis. Pemphigus vulgaris is considered to be one of the deep forms of the disease. The lesions appear deep into the epidermis of the skin right above the basal lamina. (Zeina, 2013)
may last one to three weeks. In many cases new clusters of blisters appear as
Irritating products: These preparations often contain ingredients, such as salicylic acid or potassium hydroxide,that help dissolve the lesion over time. Others may cause a blister to form under the bump, lifting it off your skin.
You will want to avoid squeezing a lip blister that you are not sure what caused it. In addition, although you want to reduce the embarrassment of a blistered lip by squashing if off, there is also another danger of exposing the blister remains to infections. The open wound can easily let in pathogens into your blood, that’s why it’s important that your doctor examines
Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection characterized by the eruptions of superficial pustules and formation of thick yellow crusty sores. It is highly contagious and can occur anywhere on the body, especially in exposed areas. The two different types of Impetigo are Bullous Impetigo, which are large blisters, and Non-Bullous Impetigo, which are crusted over blisters. Non-Bullous Impetigo is the most common type. Both types require contact precautions because they can be transmitted via physical contact with anyone who has it, sharing the same clothes, bedding, towels, etc... Because of the way young children proceed with their lifestyles, touching everything within their reach, the primary age groups targeted with this infection are, in fact, young children. It is most common on their facial area, mainly around their noses and mouths, but sometimes impetigo will appear on their arms and legs.
Normal skin has many types of bacteria living on it. Cellulitis can occur in anyone. Increases risk factors include: Diabetes, cracks or peeling skin between toes, skin wounds/trauma, chronic lower leg edema, Athletes foot, insect bites/stings or bites from animal or human, obesity, corticosteroid medications or medications that suppress the immune system , poor leg circulation (peripheral...
Impetigo is caused mainly by staphylococcus aurues, which is a chain of globular bacteria (Cronana, Bacteria). There are three forms of Impetigo: Bullous, Non-Bullous or Contagiosa, and Ecthyma, Bullous Impetigo is causes large blisters on the skin that start out as a clear blister then normally turn cloudy, this type of blister stays intact longer on the skin then the other forms of impetigo. Non-Bullous or Contagiosa starts as tiny blisters, as time goes on these blister burst leaving a red, wet patch of skin, after fluid leaks from the blister they crust over leaving the surface a tan to yellowish color, “like it has been coated with brown sugar or honey”(Cronan). Ecthyma penetrates deeper into the skin, down to the dermis layer of skin which is the second layer. Ecthyma is very painful pus filled sores that eventually turn into deep ulcers on the skin. Once the sores break open, they scab over with a very thick hard gray-yellowish crust. Scars may remain even after the sore, or ulcers heal. Ecthyma can cause swollen lymph glands(Staff). The Non-Bullous or Contagoisa is the most common form of Impetigo (Cronan, Staff).
... include: • Avoiding the use of harsh chemicals • Using a non-soap cleanser when taking baths and showers • Gently patting the skin with a dry, soft towel • Applying moisturizer while skin is damp, to lock in moisture • Reducing the level of daily stress • Avoiding scratchy materials and tight-fitting clothing • Avoiding excess heat • Keeping the house well ventilated • Regularly changing bed linen • Resisting the urge to scratch the skin For many individuals, antihistamine drugs or creams containing corticosteroids, may be useful in helping to soothe the irritation. For the more severe cases the doctor may prescribe other medications to be taken internally, and in the event of infection may prescribe antibiotics to kill the bacteria. Ultraviolet light therapy (phototherapy) may also prove useful in helping to clear up the condition in persons with severe cases.
Heat and cold - either an ice pack or warm towel may alleviate pain and swelling in the affected area.
As a standard precaution against bodily fluids or blood borne pathogens the medical assistant and the doctor would don their personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, face shield, and gown. Next, the medical assistant will prepare the following materials in preparation of the procedure: 1% or 2% lidocaine in a 10cc syringe/25 gauge needle, skin prep solution, #11 scalpel blade with handle, gauze, hemostat, scissors, iodoform, tape, and culture swab. After the materials have been prepped the doctor will clean the abscess with skin prep and drape the wound with sterile fenestrated drape. Anesthetic in the form of lidocaine with a 10cc syringe and 25-gauge needle will be injected around the abscess. The doctor will allow 3-5 minutes for the anesthetic to take affect before making an incision into the abscess. Once the incision is made the doctor will allow pus to ooze and drain out. While the pus is draining out, the culture swab will be inserted in to the abscess where a culture is taken so the origin of the infection is identified incase further treatment is needed. Using the hemostat the doctor will explore the abscess and continue to soak up the pus with the gauze. With a syringe and normal saline the doctor will irrigate
The second layer of the skin is called the dermis and is also known as the middle layer. The dermis is what holds the body together. The dermis has layers to it as well as the epidermis. There are two layers to the dermis, the papillary layer and the reticular layer. The cells of the dermis are fibroblast, macrophages, mast cells, and scattered white blood cells (wbc’s). the dermis is richly supplied with nerve fibers and BV;s. dermal BV’s is also a part of the integumentary system, dermal BV,s have converging and diverging vessels that ar...
In the last decade, the number of prescriptions for antibiotics has increases. Even though, antibiotics are helpful, an excess amount of antibiotics can be dangerous. Quite often antibiotics are wrongly prescribed to cure viruses when they are meant to target bacteria. Antibiotics are a type of medicine that is prone to kill microorganisms, or bacteria. By examining the PBS documentary Hunting the Nightmare Bacteria and the article “U.S. government taps GlaxoSmithKline for New Antibiotics” by Ben Hirschler as well as a few other articles can help depict the problem that is of doctors prescribing antibiotics wrongly or excessively, which can led to becoming harmful to the body.
I had previously heard that Arnica, a herb, helps to reduce inflammation and swelling when applied directly to the affected area. PROcure comes in a non-greasy, fast absorbing gel form and helps to fade away discoloration and also dramatically helps to improve the appearance of spider veins on your feet and ankles. It has a gentle "no-touch" applicator so applying is a breeze. I don't have to touch it and was amazed at how easy it seems to absorb into my skin. My bruise hasn't completely gone away but I can surely see a
...s expressed by most treating physicians if best treatment is not possible. Most of those wound are sadly sent to a community nurse for dressing change without the patient coming back to the treating physician for assessment of "maintenance wound" treatment.
Moderate and severe inflammatory types of acne are the result of plugged follicles being invaded by the bacteria that normally lives on the skin. The role of the bacteria is unclear. Bacteria may act by causing chemical reactions in the sebaceous fluid, leading to the release of very irritating compounds called fatty acids. These in turn cause inflammation that increases susceptibility to infection. A pimple forms when the damaged follicle weakens and bursts open, releasing a substance (sebum, bacteria, and skin) into the surrounding tissues. Pimples that are near the skin’s surface and are inflamed are called papules. When pimples are deeper they are called pustules. This process begins an inflammatory response that sets the stage for the development of acne.