Franciscan Missions In Alta California Summary
analytical Essay
932 words
The French and the Spanish both had a great impact on the Native Americans hundreds of years ago. The Spanish arrived at Alta California where they planned to establish 21 missions along the coast from San Diego to Santa Rosa. Their main goal was to convert Native Californians into Catholic peasants. On the other hand, the French were eager to colonize the northern country. The French wanted the beavers’ valuable fur, but the Indians were much better at hunting them down than they were at it. This worked out well, since it gave the Indians something to trade with the settlers who desired the beaver fur. In the two articles, one entitled Franciscan Missions in Alta California, by Kent G. Lightfoot, and the other entitled The Fur Trade and New France to 1676 (Prologue), by Claiborne A. Skinner, each author is able to describe what life was like in these missions/ports during this time period. …show more content…
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the french and the spanish had a great impact on the native americans hundreds of years ago. the french wanted the beavers' valuable fur, but the indians were better at hunting them down.
- Explains lightfoot's article, franciscan missions in alta california, that the 21 missions along the coast were strategically placed so that those sailing past could sleep in a village every third day.
- Explains that the padres required neophytes to be on a strict schedule, including work, meals, and prayers. they received about 92 days off per year, which included sundays and feast days.
- Explains that the northern country was full of rivers, lakes, and forests. champlain had the work of his quarters continued, which was composed of three buildings of two stories.
- Describes how the indians invented the birchbark canoe, which allowed hunters to travel farther and foster in trade for extravagant commodities such as mica, tobacco, shells, and copper.
- Explains that the regiment de carignan-salières offered men the choice of either remaining in the colony or returning home.
- Analyzes the similarities and differences between the spanish and the french's way of colonizing california and northern country.
These Franciscans were very systematic when it came to placing each building in order to create a substantial enculturation mechanism. Lightfoot states, “The mission complexes were self-contained agrarian communities encompassing a complex infrastructure of religious buildings, craft shops, storage facilities, dormitories, aqueducts, and structures for processing grains, fruits, and meat” (Lightfoot, 80). However, outside of these churches and conventos was where the Indian neophytes lived and worked. Those that came were required to be laborers in craft production as well as agriculture; they were the missions’ economic
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- The Spanish Missionexplanatory essayDuring the 1600s to 1700s, the Spanish were settling Texas. They did this by building missions and presidios throughout the land. The purpose was to keep the French out and to change the Indians' ways of life. Some of these missions failed and some succeeded. All in all they were closed after years of trying to change the Indians.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the spanish were settling texas during the 1600s to 1700s by building missions and presidios throughout the land.
- Explains that san francisco de los tejas was the first mission built in east texas. it was built after the spanish found out about la salle's fort.
- Describes how the spanish built a settlement between new spain and east texas on the san antonio river. san jose was the most successful mission in that spot.
- Explains that the spanish government closed down the missions because they needed time, work, and money. the missions that were failing were closed, although they took the land and split it among the indians that stayed till the end.
392 wordsRead More - Development of Canada and Samuel de Champlainanalytical essayIn the seventeenth century with Champlain and the advancement of the fur trade, France reintroduced its presence on the North American continent. With the support of New France’s Lieutenant General Pierre Dugua de Monts, Champlain sailed for the New World with eagerness to establish a permanent settlement. Champlain was a skilful cartographer who made detailed plans for reinvigorated settlements and maps of his travels. The king of France ordered a survey of the St. Lawrence valley to see if it was appropriate for French agriculture settlers, which would eventually back up titles to New France. Samuel de Champlain decided to establish his habitation in a s...
In this essay, the author
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- Opines that canada's deep rooted identity in french culture and history would not exist if it weren't for the father of new france.
- Analyzes how champlain's arrival in the new world was the most influential development of canada.
- Analyzes champlain's leadership skills that resulted in the first prosperous settlement in canada. his story is influential, and time cannot minimize its charm.
- Explains that samuel de champlain's arrival in canada was the most significant event in the development of canada as a nation.
1020 wordsRead More - Mission Santa Inesexplanatory essayIn the early 1700's, the country of Spain sent many explorers to the western world to claim land and find riches. When California was founded by several Spanish explorers, like Cabrillo, and De Anza, Spain decided to send missionaries to build missions. There are a total of 21 missions built in California. Mission Santa Ines was the 19th mission and was built to share the European God with the Indians and how to eat and dress like Europeans. Father Tapis wanted to make the Indians Christians and civilize them as well as keep and claim land for Spain. The missions were built near harbors, bays or rivers so the towns could grow the needed crops to survive, and to bring more Europeans, and show the Indians more European ways. The Indians built the missions under the supervision of the padres along El Camino Real, the Royal Road, where there was a water supply for the mission gardens and crops. The first mission built along El Camino Real was built in 1769, and the mission period lasted 54 years with the last mission built in 1823.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that santa ines mission is named after st. agnes who was put into a fire and then beheaded when she was 12 years old. two lambs are blessed and their wool is used to make the palliums.
- Explains that the indians were responsible for making candles, threshing the grain, tending the cattle and reatas, making shoes, spinning wool from sheep's fleece, and making baskets.
- Describes the santa ines mission, which is 139 feet long, 26 feet wide, 29 feet high, and made of adobe brick, faced with brick cement.
- Explains that father estevan tapis founded mission santa ines in 1804 because there were too many chumash indians who wanted to become a part of the mission life.
- Narrates how mission santa ines was rebuilt in 1817, with 768 indians living at the mission with 6,000 heads of cattle, 5,000 sheep, 120 goats, 150 pigs and 120 pack mules.
- Describes mission santa ines, which was established in 1804 by father estevan tapis as the 19th mission along el camino real.
- Explains that santa ines, virgin y martyr after saint agnes who was a martyr in rome in 304 a.d., is historic landmark number 305 and its cattle brand was painted.
1878 wordsRead More - Vallejo and Estanislaoexplanatory essayDespite their lack of a cohesive political structure, some of California’s native people actively resisted the imposition of the mission system from the start. The first uprising occurred only six years after the founding of the first mission at San Diego. In the autumn of 1775, several neófitos—disconte...
In this essay, the author
- Argues that california's native people were pastoral pacifists who led an idyllic communal existence before the arrival of the spanish.
- Explains that the "tribal" names assigned to california's native groups result from modern ethnological investigation rather than being recognized by the natives themselves.
- Explains that california's native people actively resisted the imposition of the mission system from the start. in 1775, several neófitos—discontented with the franciscans’ rules and regulations—ran away from mission san diego.
- Explains that the neófitos focused on retribution aimed at individual franciscans.
- Explains that even when treated benignly, the neófito population grew discontent. malnutrition and foreign diseases brought by the spaniards led to many deaths.
- Explains that the runaways spread the distrust of the spanish to the non-missionized natives in the countryside.
- Describes how a neófito uprising occurred at three missions in santa barbara county. the rebels overthrew mission control and torched three-quarters of the mission’s buildings before fleeing to the countryside.
- Explains estanislao's story is illustrative of both the positive and negative impacts of the california mission-system.
- Describes how cucunuchi moved to mission san josé and was given the christian name estanislao. fray nàrcisco durán rewarded him with an appointment as a native alcaldé.
- Explains that indian alcaldés were appointed in the mission towns to maintain order. they wore shoes and stockings, which newly appointed officers dispensed with as often as possible.
- Describes estanislao's freedom to travel and interact with mexican citizens outside of mission san josé during partisan bickering and intense jealousy among leaders of alta california.
- Explains that echeanda, an early advocate for secularization of the missions, did not support the efforts of franciscans and belittled their work. estanislao observed that the natives had neither freedom nor justice.
- Describes how estanislao fled from mission san josé to the san joaqun valley with about four hundred followers. they raided mexican settlements and the properties of the missions at san jose, santa clara, and santa cruz.
- Describes how ygnacio martnez dispatched sergeant antonio soto into the san joaqun valley with a small troop to capture the rebels. estanislao’s men killed several soldiers and seriously wounded others.
- Describes how the governor sent a second company of forty men under the leadership of sergeant josé sánchez to punish the rebel yokut.
- Describes the early life of mariano guadalupe vallejo, a californio born in monterey. he grew up with young josé antonio castro and juan bautista valentn alvarado, who played significant political roles during the last years of mexican rule.
- Explains that vallejo was a young, inexperienced junior officer who entered military service in 1829 and was promoted to alférez (ensign). he had recently returned from his successful campaign to the tulares, where his troops had slain forty-eight natives.
- Describes how vallejo set out from mission san josé, crossing the diablo range at middle pass, and reached the san joaqun river on rafts. they camped and then proceeded down the east side of the river the next morning.
- Explains that the battleground was located on the north bank of the stanislaus river less than a half-mile upstream of its confluence with the san joaqun river, about twelve miles southeast of tracy.
- Describes how vallejo's forces used the cannon to attack the stockade walls of the compound, with limited success.
- Describes how vallejo entered the thicket, accompanied by thirty-seven men, but estanislao's band had taken advantage of the night and had fled.
- Describes how lieutenant vallejo and his forces followed estanislao upriver and surrounded the fugitives in another thicket. the besieged yokut declared they would die rather than surrender.
- Analyzes how vallejo and estanislao were accused of brutality and allowing their forces to commit atrocities during the battle.
- Explains that estanislao went briefly to mission san josé to ask fray durán for absolution for his men and himself. he returned to the stanislaus river and continued to lead his people.
- Explains that the mexicans enacted laws to control commerce with the mountain men, but to little effect. the yokut and miwok captured horses in raids on ranchos and missions.
- Explains that french-canadian fur trappers from the hudson's bay company inadvertently introduced malaria into the san joaqun valley. the epidemic caused a temporary decline in organized raids on mexican settlements.
- Explains estanislao left the valley on 24 august 1834 and returned to the mission san josé. he prospered there, teaching others the yokut language and culture, until his death on 31 july 1838.
- Explains that estanislao raids were sudden, usually involving a trap, and ended with no loss of life. he may have served as partial inspiration for the fictional character zorro, created in 1919 by pulp writer johnston mcculley.
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- Explains that columbus' discovery of the new world in 1492 sparked a great deal of interest for exploration and expansion in european nations, particularly spain.
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In this essay, the author
- Explains that spanish missions were created to bring the word of god to a new land. they wanted to strengthen the spanish empire over in the new world.
- Explains that they had to stay in church half the day on sundays and feast days.
- Explains that they kept records of marriages, baptisms and funerals. they also kept track of what the mission owned.
- Explains that most padres served a mission for 10 years, and it took 2 years to get the letter back from spain. some were sad because of the hard conditions, while others were cruel.
- Explains that during the mexican occupation of california, the missions were ordered to become secularized. in 1846 the mission was occupied by the u.s. cavalry.
- Describes how the mission basilica san diego de alcala was founded by blessed father junipero serra in 1769.
- Explains that the yuman indians first came to the missions to look at the strange objects the spanish brought. they became sick because the padres had germs they were not used to.
- Explains that the padres thought they were working for god and wanted to share their faith with the indians. father serra thought he had a good thing to tell them.
1255 wordsRead More - Menchaca's Expansion Of Alta Californiaanalytical essayIn chapter five, Menchaca examined Spanish Empire's expansion into California and identifies the indigenous groups, such as the Chumash and various other native Californian tribes. Many native tribes became incorporated into Spanish society through the mission system. The journey to Alta California was not a simple and easy as the Spanish first thought. Many Spaniards died from illness, encountered hostile native tribes, and hunger as they were trying to colonize California. The Spanish wanted to control California to prevent other groups of people such as the British and Russians from acquiring California. The Spanish made their way into California after many struggles and established the first missions in San Diego and Monterey. Over several
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- Analyzes how menchaca examined the spanish empire's expansion into california and identifies the indigenous groups, such as the chumash and various other native californian tribes.
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In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how spain's immigrating to barbarian lands helped the natives by introducing new plants and animals and destroying their way of life.
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In this essay, the author
- Describes how they are excited for the opportunity to serve in the santa rosa, california mission. they love california, and have made special memories there.
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In this essay, the author
- Explains that the columbian exchange is the exchange of plants, animals, food, and diseases between europe and the americas.
- Explains how the discovery of lands rich in gold, silver, and other treasures prompted the conquistadors to launch expeditions into the americas.
- Explains that the europeans brought over horses, oxen, donkeys, and camels to the new world, which served as valuable sources of food and clothing.
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- Explains that the columbian exchange allowed the world to share its resources and discover new ways of living. it opened the doors for new discoveries, trade, and raised the economy of many countries.
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