Framework to Explain Memory

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Introduction In 1972 Fergus Craik and Robert Lockhart developed a framework to explain memory. That framework suggested that memory is not a conscious action, but is the way information is processed which is why we remember information we do not intend to ( Craik & Lockhart, 2008). Craik and Lockhart proposed that there are two levels are processing which include: shallow and deep processing. Shallow processing requires little attention to meaning, while deep processing requires close attention (Goldstein, 2008). Both processes depend on the depth of processing by distinguishing between the two. Shallow processing takes two forms which are structural processing which is the appearance and phonemic processing which is the sound and the process of the two only involves maintenance rehearsal (McLeod, 2007). In a way, shallow processing is like teaching a child what animals are and the sounds that they make. First, you teach the child how to identify the animal and then you teach the child the sound the animal make. Deep processing involves semantic processing which is when we can relate a certain word to a similar word and similar meaning, and the process involves elaboration rehearsal that has a meaningful analysis and we can recall the information better (McLeod, 2007). In other words, deep processing is like a synonym, a word that almost has the same meaning as another word. Method There were a total of 4 participants that participated in this study. We all did this experiment on Coglab (Francis & Neath, 2007). We logged in to Coglab and click on the tab at the top that says labs. After clicking labs we clicked on levels of processing and read the directions for the experiment. The directions let us know that there woul... ... middle of paper ... ...sing. One would think that it would be the opposite way around thinking that shallow processing recall time is faster than deep processing, but this comes to show how amazing the brain is and there are endless opportunities to learn about it. References Craik, F.M., & Lockhart, R.S. (2008). Levels of Processing and Zinchenkos approach to memory research. Journalof Russian & East European Psychology, 46 (6), 52-60. doi: 10.2753 /RPO 1061-0405460605 Francis, G., & Neath, I. (2011). CogLab Online Version 2.0. (4th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thompson/Wadsworth Learning. Goldstein, E. B. (2011). Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research, and Everyday Experience (3nd ed). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thompson Learning. McLeod, S. A. (2007). Levels of Processing. Retrieved March 8, 2014 http://www.simplypsychology.org/levelsofprocessing.html

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