Formulation Of A Theory
The certain factors that influence the accuracy of estimation is
mainly: Age, the time of day it is processed, gender and the style of
the survey.
The reason age has an affect on the accuracy of estimation, is because
if the person is too young or too old the survey may not be reliable
enough in order for it to be processed into a data collection sheet
the reason being that they may not be suited to the imperial or metric
measurement used in modern days. The young may not have learnt the
imperial measures and the elderly may not be used to the correct
terms.
The effect, time has to getting good reliability is that the survey
should be taken out at a convenient time of the day where food has
been consumed properly and the people's minds are focused. The times
which may be irrelevant to practice a survey is early in the morning
or late at night where people may be tired.
The gender may have a certain effect on the outcome of results because
the males may differ in technical skills to females or it is possible
that perhaps females are more capable of handling academical
situations rather than males.
The style of a survey may affect the result because if badly
constructed questions are used, people will not answer the survey
properly and will try to avoid them. An example of a badly constructed
question is 'What is your age?'-This is personal. Many people will not
want to answer.
An example of a well constructed question is 'Which age group are you
in?
0-20 21-30 31-50 etc.
A questionnaire is usually put together to test a hypothesis. The
hypothesis that will be used in this questionnaire is:
'Children will be able to estimate better than adults'.
Method
The data will be collected through a simple questionnaire. A
stratified sample will be used. This is because in a stratified
sample, the population that will be asked will be divided into
Gladding, S. T. (2010). Family therapy: History, theory, and practice (5th Ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson
It will be conducted by obtaining knowledge if there are eligible following the inclusion criteria and if yes, directly asking them to be part of the study.
...that I encountered in collecting data was when I was observing. Since I had no contact with the subjects, I simply made the assumption that they were picking the movie for themselves to watch. However, the person could have been renting the movie for someone else. Another limitation occurred through the survey. I had two different choices for the categories of the movies. One choice was action/adventure and the other was romance/romantic comedy. Romantic comedy and true romance movies vary in multiple ways and I should not have categorized them as one type of movie. This could have swayed my results a little. In doing this research again, I would have three categories; one action, one comedy, and one romance. I also could have interviewed a female. I only interviewed a male and therefore, I only gained detailed information from one gender’s perspective.
I believe the results of this survey to be accurate as the survey was conducted in a fair and professional manner. However, I also discovered how easy it can be to manipulate the data and the opinions of participants to favor a single viewpoint. Surveys are an important method of gathering, summarizing and presenting large amounts of data. However, when relying on polls to form opinions or make decisions, people should consider the source, look for any conflicts of interest, contemplate other avenues of information and draw their own conclusions.
The number of individuals in my targeted population is six. The genders of these six were 5 females and 1 male. The participants are within the age group of 15+. I intend to recruit my participants through finding people that I am regularly with. My participants will be interviewed personally.
...d for consent to proceed with the study. The participants were given thorough instructions that at any during the survey you can withdrawal your participation in the research, and that this is to benefit research to society. Participation is this survey was voluntary was emphasized. Participants were told that the surveys should take no longer than fifteen minutes and the personal information will remain confidential their results may be shared, but for research purposes only. The questionnaire will have a demographic sheet and a 50 item questionnaire divided into two sections. One part has a four point Likert scale (0= Almost Never, 1=Sometimes, 2= Often, 3 =Almost Always) and the other part is a selection of A or B. It was also reiterated that the participants had the right to withdraw from the research study at any time; there will be no consequences or penalty.
...ristics such as age, race, gender, education etc. The only way to use this sample is if other methods are not available. In order for a purposive sampling approach to be successful, researchers need to be careful and not use results from previous convenience samples (Purposive sampling, 2012).
The research is not without its limitations. One of the challenges that would be faced would be establishing the accuracy and bias in the various answers given by respondents. Some of the information may be dishonest, biased and unclear. This would render the report unreliable.
With every survey taken there are limitations. Within this survey people could have not wanted to say their true reasons for not votin...
In addition, due to a high turnover in summer and year round staff, the quality and reliability of survey may offer a skewed perspective of the surveyor and this may affect the quality or lack thereof, a true representation of the Upward Bound program’s effectiveness and the participants’ perspective. Programs with similar gender and/or ethnic composition may be able to glean information from this research, some aspects of this research, and integrate the findings in their ...
For example: Are they single or married/divorced? What is their annual income? What is their partner’s annual income? Do they have any children and if yes how many? Are they considering having more children? Why or why not? I think that this type of survey would give me a little more of a personal view on certain people’s feelings on having children based on what their income is like.
...sis, which could make all results invalid. With any research projects, limitations will be present. It is important to attempt to eliminate some of these causes in order to complete a thorough, accurate study. In future projects, this study could go about researching the issue in different ways. Perhaps using a larger sample size would be conducive for accurate results. A larger sample size helps reduce and even out any possible errors caused by those who do not answer truthfully. Also, keeping the surveys mainly anonymous would help to receive more truthful and accurate responses from participants. Participants may be fearful of judgments on open interviews or phone interviews, which could affect responses. In order to obtain as accurate results as possible, a future study would need to find ways to survey participants in a confidential way that feels comfortable.
Classical Theory Structure Introduction By way of illustration, in this document we will describe and explain the classical structural theory as presented by Max Weber. To highlight the advantages and disadvantages of this classical structure as used in a realistic modern organization we will apply this theroy as used today in our public police department. Classical Structural Theory In the classical structural theory a person is hired for their technical expertise rather than on the recommendation of a connection from within the company. Generally these people are more inclined to work in very well-defined process oriented positions.
Surveys are an effective and popular method for research because of the efficiency, versatility and generalizability. Generalizability is the ability to sample and draw research conclusions for large populations (Bachman & Schutt, 2012). In order to effectively maximize outcomes in survey research, surveys must be structured to avoid unclear or confusing questions. Demographic related questions should be avoided if not pertinent to the research study (Bachman & Schutt, 2012). Generally, the motivation of the researcher is clearly identified in a survey, and the respondent has the option of declining involvement in the survey. There are fewer ethical dilemmas with survey research than other types of research methods.
A good theory has uniqueness in that you should be looking at something unique in its own standards. It should explain better than other theories making it unique (Brieger, 2006). Uniqueness is what will separate a good theory from other theories. Uniqueness does not allow a newer theory to replace an older theory that pertains to the same subject unless it is superior in the evaluation of their virtues (Wacker, 2008). An example of uniqueness might be a theory that is attempting to a new answer to a phenomenon that would pertain to criminal justice and gives new information that has not been looked at before.