Each year the winter seasons brings with it cold, snow, holidays, and to a lucky few a break from work or school. To many, however, winter brings the dreaded Influenza virus, a virus which, if left to it’s own devices, can bring death, especially to the young, the old, and the infirm. This year winter also brought with it a shortage of the Influenza vaccine, which was due to a contamination of one manufacturer’s supply. (Flaherty A02) The resulting decrease in supply caused a dramatic increase in the price demanded by suppliers (and the price paid by consumers). (Flaherty A02)
Flu Vaccine for the United States was produced solely by two foreign manufacturers this year, Aventis Pasteur and Chiron Corp. These two manufacturers sell their vaccine to U.S. distributors like Stat Pharmaceuticals Inc. of El Cajon, CA and Meds-Stat based in Ft. Lauderdale, FL who will go on to sell to hospitals, pharmacies, and health care clinics (Flaherty A02). On October fifth the Chiron Corp. announced that their entire supply of Flu vaccine destined for U.S. markets was unfit for use due to a contamination problem at their British manufacturing plant (Flaherty A02). This contamination effectively reduced the U.S. supply of flu vaccine by half (Flaherty A02). Unfortunately for consumers, though profitable to the distributors the drop in supply did not diminish the demand for the vaccine.
The quantity of Flu vaccine demanded in the U.S. was greater than the original supply let alone the reduced supply. The market price for the vaccine was between eight and nine dollars prior to the October announcement by Chiron, that it’s vaccine was contaminated, and soon afterwards doubled in price (Flaherty A02). By the eighth of October the vaccine was being offered to pharmacies at prices approaching ninety dollars per-dose a tenfold increase over the original price (Flaherty A02). The demand for the Flu vaccine is shown to be inelastic (the quantity demanded before the discovery of contamination was the entire supply (X) and after the announcement was the remaining quantity (X/2), while the price jumped from nine to ninety dollars { or Ed = .41}).
According to the Washington Post “the higher prices simply reflect[ed] the heightened demand for a scarce item”, though this is not the case, demand did not shift at all, only supply shifted. Not all distributors took advantage of the supply shift as in the case of Stat Pharmaceuticals, which sold its vaccine for fifteen to thirty dollars per-dose.
Book summary: Confederates in the Attic addresses the life of Tony Horwitz: a man from the North, who decided to take an expedition down South to figure out how the Civil War affected America. As Horwitz illustrates in Confederates in the Attic, the Civil War is far from over. Horwitz, determined to find the answers to this conflict, treks through the South, seeking to explain man's longtime obsession with a war that divided the nation. Speaking to historians and Civil War reenactors of all kinds, he finds that people are still contemporarily split when it comes to the war and current complications in society. On his endeavour, He collects an abundant amount of information, which created a challenge when attempting to draw a broad conclusion. Horwitz learns how contrasting the views of the war are between the north and south. He learns the way people use history to suit their own personal needs, and explores the problems of race. While I believe Confederates in the Attic is an excellent calligraphy on the ongoing history ...
A 504 Plan is a condensed version of the IEP, for it was created to assist students with non-complex accommodations. The 504 plan contains two parts: background information and the plan. Thus, the IEP is overdrawn and well thought out process, it consists of numerous parts: exit information, initial eligibility, student participation on assessments, present level of academic achievements, etc. Correspondingly, the 504 plan does not require the team to list the frequency of accommodations, whereas the IEP requires the frequency of each accommodation be listed. Similarly, the background information from these two documents are different as well. The 504 plan is short and simple, it wants the problem and how it impacts the student; the IEP plan is long and tedious, it wants past test scores, current performance, and detailed recollection of initial
This is because 504 students are not considered special education students. Therefore, they are not supervised by para-educators and or special education teachers. The 504 students are supervised by the classroom instructors and building or organizational leaders such as the principal and vice principal. It is the classroom instructors’ responsibility to ensure that the 504 students are receiving their accommodations and or modifications. It is the school principal’s job to ensure that these 504 accommodations and modifications are being implemented by each of the classroom
The authors used a historical timeline to introduce a need. Stressing the number of lives lost allows the authors show the importance of vaccines. The repeated emphasis on those lives being the lives of children played on the emotions of readers. Once the need is established Lee and Carson-Dewitt clarify the use of “a dead or mild form of a virus” to create a vaccine (Lee, Carson-Dewitt, 2016, p.2). The distinction of the types of
His family connection to the Civil War gave him a sense of pride. Modern Americans should remember and memorialize the Civil War by knowing that the event determined what kind of nation the United States would be. The Civil War is the most significant conflict in American history; it had a revolutionary, social, and political impact that continues to be felt today. We were taught the civil war was primarily fought because of slavery but in truth “there were many causes of the civil war, including differences between northern and southern states on the idea of slavery, as well as trade, tariffs, and states rights.”
--------------------------------------------------------------------- [1] Essen, G. A., "The Socio-Economic Impact of Influenza". http://www.eswi.org/Bulletin_October_1997.cfm [2] Frayha, Husn. " Influenza Vaccination: A Call for Action" http://www.kfshrc.edu.sa/annals/176/97-248R.html [3] "Influenza". http://www.caw.ca/whatwedo/health&safety/factsheet/hsfssubstanceno37.asp
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is a civil rights act that protects individuals with disabilities in institutions receiving federal funds from being discriminated against and ensures that they have equal opportunities to fully participate with peers. If a parent or guardian feels that his or her child has a disability that negatively impacts his or her educational experience, help is available. While a 504 requires accommodations based on the disability identified, an IEP requires modifications that can include school-based physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy and is typically connected with special education.
The American Civil War remains one of the most heated and highly debated pieces of history in not only the United States, but also the entire modern world. It remains so not only in its origins, but in the goals of each side, and the effects it had on American culture. The effects, as I will demonstrate much later, were not limited exclusively to the United States, and extended to many foreign ideals and practices as well. This demonstrates the importance of this war politically and socially to modern history.
3Walker, Hugh: Market Power and Price levels in the Ethical Drug Industry; Indiana University Press, 1971, P 25.
There were many reasons for the outbreak of the civil war, a war that fundamentally changed the United States and inspired some of the greatest thinkers to write some inspiring literary works. Many are fascinated by the civil war and want to make sense of what happened. It was a bloody war in which Americans were killing other Americans. The questions and answers brought about during the war would re-shape the American society and provide an answer about the much debated subject of slavery. Each side held a deeply rooted reason for going to war. There are so many factors involved in the reasons behind the war that has captured and fascinated the American’s attention for many years.
It is hard to say whether this plan, had it been successful, would have been for the public good. Before this vaccination period, smallpox had been declared eradicated, and only the United States and Russia were allowed to remain in possession of strains of the disease for research. Fearing an attack, President Bush chose to target those who would be the first-responders in the face of a national medical emergency. However, the CDC has emphasized that there is no imminent threat of an outbreak, which leads one to wonder if this vaccine is really necessary or useful to the public, or if it only hinders our workforce and wastes the tax-payer’s money (5).
The American Civil war is considered to be one of the most defining moments in American history. It is the war that shaped the social, political and economic structure with a broader prospect of unifying the states and hence leading to this ideal nation of unified states as it is today. In the book “Confederates in the Attic”, the author Tony Horwitz gives an account of his year long exploration through the places where the U.S. Civil War was fought. He took his childhood interest in the Civil War to a new level by traveling around the South in search of Civil War relics, battle fields, and most importantly stories. The title “Confederates in the Attic”: Dispatches from the Unfinished Civil War carries two meanings in Tony Horwitz’s thoughtful and entertaining exploration of the role of the American Civil War in the modern world of the South. The first meaning alludes to Horwitz’s personal interest in the war. As the grandson of a Russian Jew, Horwitz was raised in the North but early in his childhood developed a fascination with the South’s myth and history. He tells readers that as a child he wrote about the war and even constructed a mural of significant battles in the attic of his own home. The second meaning refers to regional memory, the importance or lack thereof yet attached to this momentous national event. As Horwitz visits the sites throughout the South, he encounters unreconstructed rebels who still hold to outdated beliefs. He also meets groups of “re-enactors,” devotees who attempt to relive the experience of the soldier’s life and death. One of his most disheartening and yet unsurprising realizations is that attitudes towards the war divide along racial lines. Too many whites wrap the memory in nostalgia, refusing...
According to the website if the school or parents suspect a 504 needed, the school will get permission from the parent. After that, the student will get evaluated; the school can get its
Cell phones are harming education and causing grades to be lower than what they could be. The other day I got out of class early in the business building, as I usually do. I was walking down the hallway, back to my dorm, as I walked across a classroom that I happened to look inside. As the professor was in the front of the classroom giving his lesson for that day, I noticed that about fifteen of twenty students had their phones out not paying one little ounce of attention to the professor. I do not know about you, but I can not read a status on Facebook and retain the information that my professor is giving me, but that is just me.
“There are almost 180 million cell phone users and it is rapidly expanding” (Betancourt). Nearly every student in the United States owns a cell phone. Cell phones have been around for forty years. The first cell phone was placed by Martin Cooper in 1973. Cell phones become increasingly popular as the twenty-first century technology becomes more advance. People in younger generation rely on cell phone to accomplish basic needs. Some even becomes addictive to the cell phone. For example, I have a cousin who considers cell phone as an important part of her daily life. If I ask her to put away her cell phone, she would complain “I can’t live without my cell phone.” Cell phone should be prevented from using excessively because if cell phone is used in an improper way, it would ultimately becomes a distraction device for students. Therefore, students would be lack in interpersonal relationship, distracted during class, which can lead to academic failure, and distracted while driving, which can lead to serious accident and death. The negative impacts of cell phone on students are significant matters that need to be addressed.