File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an application layer protocol, which has the primary function of transferring data files between computers (Clark 2003). The protocol specification was originally developed in the early 1970s, and was published as RFC 114 in April 1971, by Abhay Bhushan. This occurred even before the Internet Protocol Suite – commonly known as TCP/IP or Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP) – was even established (Kozierok 2005).
The protocol specification has undergone numerous revisions over the years since its first inception. In July 1972, the first major revision was published as RFC 354. This revision included a complete description of the “overall communication model used by modern . . . [Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)] . . . and details on many of the current features of the protocol” (Kozierok 2005, 1170). A revision titled RFC 542, which was published in August 1973, has a striking resemblance to the protocol specification that is still in use today. RFC 765 was published in June 1980, and is considered to be the current authority of today’s FTP specification standards (Kozierok 2005).
Quite a few extensions have been developed since, most notably RFC 2228, which calls for additional security extensions that aim to “provide strong authentication, integrity, and confidentiality” into the FTP specification (Horowitz 1997, 1). RFC 2428, published in September 1998, calls for FTP extensions that can accommodate for Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) and Network Address Translators (NATs). Historically, Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) addresses have used a 32-bit addressing scheme, whereas IPv6 uses a 128-bit addressing scheme. As the world converts from IPv4 to IPv6, th...
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...y with the added security (Leiden 2009).
Works Cited
Allman, M., Ostermann, S., and C. Metz. "FTP Extensions for IPv6 and NATs", RFC 2428. September 1998.
Clark, Martin P.. Data Networks, IP, and the Internet: Protocols, design, and operation. Chichester, West Sussex, England: J. Wiley, 2003.
Forouzan, Behrouz A.. TCP/IP protocol suite . 4th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2010.
Horowitz, M. and S. Lunt. “FTP Security Extensions”, RFC 2228. October 1997.
Kozierok, Charles M. The TCP/IP Guide: A comprehensive, illustrated Internet protocols reference. San Francisco: No Starch Press, 2005.
Leiden, Candace, and Marshall Wilensky. TCP/IP For Dummies. 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2009.
Lowe, Doug. Networking All-In-One Desk Reference for Dummies. 3rd ed. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2008.
Postel, J., "File Transfer Protocol specification", RFC 765. June 1980.
The method of communication over the FCIC II / CJ Net network is the same standard that has been used on the Internet, TCP/IP.
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc2710/?include_text=1
An example of a highly important protocol which will be utilized at application level, is HTTP or hypertext transfer protocol. HTTP is the protocol used within web browsers and the entire internet to send and receive specific web page data. HTTP is a controlling protocol, as it determines how documents should be sent, and what the browser should do in response to commands. When accessing a web page, a HTTP command is sent to the pages web server, so that the server may send that specific page’s data to the user. PCO’s Learning Centre will be using the hypertext transfer protocol on a regular basis. In order for students to access web pages, the HTTP must exist to ensure speedy and accurate navigation, especially in a learning
With an IPv4 network, all the work consisting of network renumbering and assigning of new address schemes would had been done manually. Another useful feature of IPv6 is the multi-homing technique. It allows simultaneous connections which are established to two ISPs. Compared to IPv4, IPv6 has a much simpler packet header structure, which is designed to minimize the time and efforts that go in to header processing. IPv6 offers better end-to-end connectivity than its predecessor IPv4. The most exciting applications to emerge in todays world is peer-to-peer applications such as multi-player online games, video-conferencing (streaming), file sharing and
What does TCP mean? TCP is a set of rules that governs the delivery of data over the internet or other network that uses the Internet Protocol, and sets up a connection between the sending and receiving computers.
Security measures need to be implanted in order to secure the various resources. One of these vulnerabilities is the web server itself. If certain FTP ports are left
IP – The Internet Protocol (IP) - is the method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the Internet. Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet has at least one IP address that uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet.
Sending data through the internet efficiently has always posed many problems. The two major technologies used, Ethernet and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), have done an admirable job of porting data, voice and video from one point to another. However, they both fall short in differing areas; neither has been able to present the "complete" package to become the single, dominant player in the internet market. They both have dominant areas they cover. Ethernet has dominated the LAN side, while ATM covers the WAN (backbone). This paper will compare the two technologies and determine which has a hand-up in the data trafficking world.
Network Address Translation (NAT) is a standard used to allow multiple PCs on a private network to share a single, globally routable IPv4 address. NAT enables a user to have a large set of addresses internally and usually one address externally. The main reason NAT is often deployed is because IPv4 addresses are getting scarce. NAT is an immediate, but temporary, solution to the IPv4 address exhaustion problem that will eventually be rendered unnecessary with the deployment of the IPv6. The Internet Engineering Task Force has been aware of the impending depletion of the current address space for almost a decade.
Peer-to-peer is a communications model in which each party has the same capabilities and either party can initiate a communication session. Other models with which it might be contrasted include the client/server model and the master/slave model. In some cases, peer-to-peer communications is implemented by giving each communication node both server and client capabilities. In recent usage, peer-to-peer has come to describe applications in which users can use the Internet to exchange files with each other directly or through a mediating server.
When electronic devices transfer information to another electronic device, the devices need to know when data flow is beginning and ending. This is done with signals for synchronization.i
* FTP or File Transfer Protocol. Allows your computer to rapidly retrieve complex files intact from a remote computer and view or save them on your computer.
The TCP/IP is the most important internet operation protocol in the world. While IP protocol performs the mass of the functions which is needed for the internet to work. It does not have many capabilities which are essential and needed by applications. In TCP/IP model these tasks are performed by a pair of protocols that operate at the transport layer. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). These two protocols are vital when it comes to delivering and managing the communication of numerous applications. To pass on data streams to the proper applications the Transport layer must identify the target application. First, to be able to attain this, Transport layer assigns an application an identifier. In the TCP/IP model call this identifier a port number. Every individual software process needing to access the network is assigned a un...
... middle of paper ... ... TCP/IP operates at levels 3 and 4 of the OSI model.
Only five years after Barran proposed his version of a computer network, ARPANET went online. Named after its federal sponsor, ARPANET initially linked four high-speed supercomputers and was intended to allow scientists and researchers to share computing facilities by long-distance. By 1971, ARPANET had grown to fifteen nodes, and by 1972, thirty-seven. ARPA’s original standard for communication was known as “Network Control Protocol” or NCP. As time passed, however, NCP grew obsolete and was replaced by a new, higher-level standard known as TCP-IP, which is still in use today.