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The theories presented in Federalist Paper #10 by James Madison directly apply to many of the world’s utmost dilemmas. Madison’s first theory states that Factions can be very detrimental to the common, good. Madison’s second theory explains that a strong, large republic is the best form of government. Federalist Paper #10 is one essay in a series of papers written mostly by James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton, fighting for the ratification of the United States Constitution. In Federalist Paper #10 James Madison addresses the issue of “how to guard against factions.” The definition of a faction is “a group of citizens, with interest’s contrary to the rights of others or the interests of the whole community.” The solution that James Madison proposed was that a strong, large republic is better protected from factions than any other type of government. Several foreign policy events that prove Madison’s theories are; The Vietnam War, September 11th and the War on Terror, the Watergate Scandal, and Reaganomics. Madison’s theories presented in Federalist Paper #10 are precise, and still used throughout modern history.
During the Vietnam War factions were a major aspect of ever part of the war. The war commenced in 1955 when the Chinese Communist Force won the civil war in China, thus converting China to Communism. The United States were then asked to join the fight against Communism by the French. Both the United States and France were afraid that the remainder of Southeast Asia would fall to Communism. So the United States began to send military advisors to aid the South Vietnamese Army. In 1956 the French suddenly backed out of the war, and all of a sudden it was the United States’ responsibility to prevent th...
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...American History. Ed. Stanley I. Kutler. Vol. 8. 3rd ed. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2003. p328-329.Word Count:386
• History Behind the Headlines: The Origins of Conflicts Worldwide. Ed. Sonia G. Benson, Nancy Matuszak, and Meghan Appel O'Meara. Vol. 5. Detroit: Gale, 2002. p324-335.
• U*X*L Encyclopedia of U.S. History. Sonia Benson, Daniel E. Brannen, Jr., and Rebecca Valentine. Ed. Lawrence W. Baker and Sarah Hermsen. Vol. 7. Detroit: UXL, 2009. p1389-1395.
• American Decades. Ed. Judith S. Baughman, Victor Bondi, Richard Layman, Tandy McConnell, and Vincent Tompkins. Vol. 9: 1980-1989. Detroit: Gale, 2001.
• Dictionary of American History. Ed. Stanley I. Kutler. Vol. 8. 3rd ed. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2003. p229-230.
• Dictionary of American History. Ed. Stanley I. Kutler. Vol. 9. 3rd ed. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2003. p486-489.
...et al. Vol. 4: Primary Sources. Detroit: UXL, 2006. 146-161. U.S. History in Context. Print. 17 Nov. 2013.
Eibling, Harold H., et al., eds. History of Our United States. 2nd edition. River Forest, Ill: Laidlaw Brothers, 1968.
Madison speaks of the problems of the present attempts at a new government saying “our governments are too unstable, that the public good is disregarded in the conflicts of rival parties, and that measures are too often decided, not according to the rules of justice, and the rights of the minor party, but by the superior force of an interested and over-bearing majority”.
Madison begins perhaps the most famous of the Federalist papers by stating that one of the strongest arguments in favor of the Constitution is the fact that it establishes a government capable of controlling the violence and damage caused by factions. Madison defines that factions are groups of people who gather together to protect and promote their special economic interests and political opinions. Although these factions are at odds with each other, they frequently work against the public interests, and infringe upon the rights of others.
Walens, Susann. A. United States History Since 1877. Western Connecticut State University, Danbury, CT. September 2007.
In Federalist Paper Number 10, Madison sees Factions as being inevitable. Humans hold differing opinions and are all living under different circumstances, and are likely to group together with those most like themselves. Some groups of people will attempt to work together to benefit themselves even if it goes against public interests and even if it infringes upon the rights of others. In the Federalist Paper Number 10, Madison feared that Factions could be detrimental to the common good and in order to minimize the effects and control the effects of Factions, the best form of government would be a large republic. According to Madison, to minimize the negative consequences of Factions, they must either be controlled or the causes of Factions must be removed. Since he describes the causes of Factions being the different interests and living conditions between individuals, it can be argued that this solution is not very feasible. It would be impossible to make sure every single person makes the same amount of money, has the same goals, and even goes through similar life experiences. The greatest source of Factions, the deepest and biggest cause of Factions, according to Madison, is the unequal distribution of property. The acquisition of property or lack of property creates class divisions the foster differing interests. Since it is not possible to
7. Sawinksi, Christine, Diane Sawinski, and Julie L Carnagie. American Decades. Illus. Dean Dauphinais. Comp. and trans. Evi Seoud. Ed. Elizabeth Anderson. N.p.: Thomson Gale, 2003. Print.
Divine, Robert A. America past and Present. 10th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education/Longman, 2013. 245. Print.
..., 1820-1865. Columbia Studies in American Culture Series (New York: Columbia University Press, 1942): 13-14.
Roark, James L. et al., eds. The American Promise: A Compact, Vol. I: To 1877. 3rd edition. Boston and New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2007.
Newman, John. UNITED STATES HISTORYPreparing for the Advanced Placement Examination. Second Edition. New York: AMSCO SCHOOL PUBLICATIONS, INC, 2010. eBook. .
... An American History of the World. 4th ed. of the book. W.W. Norton, 2012, 671. 2.)
3. Divine, Breen, Fredrickson, Williams, eds., America Past and Present Volume II: since 1865 sixth edition (New York: Longman 2002).
In Federalist No. 10, James Madison stresses that “measures are too often decided, not according to the rules of justice and the rights of the minor party, but by the superior force of an interested and overbearing majority.” Madison philosophized that a large republic, composed of numerous factions capable of competing with each other and the majority must exist in order to avoid tyranny of majority rule.# When Federalist No. 10 was published, the concept of pluralism was not widely used. However, the political theory that is the foundation for United States government was the influential force behind pluralism and its doctrines.