3.2 Financial system
3.2.1
Banking system
Financial liberalization in Vietnam have speed up from the early of the 1990-s, the banking system in Vietnam particularly and the financial system in generally has achieved a lot of progress. These twenty years of progress have proved that, the banking system has been transferring from a one-tier system into a two-tier system which allowed all households to compete fairly and effectively. In 1990 two important Decrees were announced. First was the Decree on the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) and the second one was the Decree on Banks, Credit cooperative and financial companies. Actually these decrees in fact divided the Vietnamese financial system from monopoly (or one-tier) system into two-tier system, in which SBV now mainly acted as a central bank, while other banks and financial companies can have independently freedom to be established, acted and even closed. Improvements in banking sector are mainly derived from cooperative activities and initiatives of IMF and WTO via Vietnamese government. Since 1991 the number of state-owned commercial banks (SOB) in Vietnam went up by one unit reaching 5 SOB-s in 2010. As a result of signed decrees which were mentioned above, in 1991-2013 the number of operating joint-stock commercial banks (JSB) raised to 39 while in early 1990-s there was only 4 JSB-s on average. On the other hand Vietnamese banking system by 2013 have experienced high increase in the number of established joint-venture banks which in its turn means the lowered rate of government intervention to financial venture establishment. The crucial changes in terms of independent multilateral structuring and injections of foreign financial institutions have pledged in Vietnam since 200...
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...ing sector was around 1,800 trillion VND () during 1995-2010 period.
• Present inflation rate of the VND is about 6.8%.
• One stock exchange, established in July 2000 in Ho Chi Minh City.
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In their work, Plato and Paulo Freire have offered harsh critiques of education and learning. Plato compares people to prisoners in a cave of darkness in relation to knowledge, and Freire refers to a “Banking Concept” of education in which teachers put their thoughts and information into students’ minds much like the deposition of money into a bank. Instead of this money being of value, Freire and Plato acknowledge that the value declines. Although many people refute the concept of accepting new knowledge and admission of mistakes, I claim that both Plato and Freire produce valid points about the corruption of education because people cannot learn unless they have an open mind and truly desire to learn. Ultimately, what is at stake here is the effectiveness of learning and continuing the cycle of education.
Fan, G., and X. Zhang. "How Can Developing Countries Benefit from Globalization: The Case of China." Eldis. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2014.
This chapter covers the overview of the country in a short history, banking system, commercial banks and interest rate theory. The chapter provides also the theoretical review of interest rate and profitability.
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Subramanian, Arvind. India’s Economy is stumbling? The New York Times. August 31, 2013: A19. Print.
The 21st Century has witnessed Asia’s rapid ascent to economic prosperity. As economic gravity shifts from the Western world to the Asian region, the “tyranny of distance [between states, will be] … replaced by the prospects of proximity” in transnational economic, scientific, political, technological, and social develop relationships (Australian Government, 1). Japan and China are the region’s key business exchange partners. Therefore these countries are under obligation to steer the region through the Asian Century by committing to these relationships and as a result create business networks, boost economic performance, and consequently necessitate the adjustment of business processes and resources in order to accommodate each country’s
The theory of financial liberalization is greatly explained by the works of MacKinnon (1973) and Shaw (1973). Financial liberalization refers to the removal of government ceilings on interest rates and of other controls on financial intermediaries. It is concerned with macroeconomic aggregates (interest rates, savings and investment) and conditions in formal financial markets (Baden, 1996). It refers to the removal of all constraints in the financial sector. In contrast, financial repression refers to distortions of financial prices such as interest rates. Financial liberalization as used here refers to the deliberate and systematic removal of regulatory controls, structures, and operational guidelines that may be considered
Financial intermediaries are common across the entire financial world. A financial intermediary is an institution that borrows money from people who have saved and in turn makes loans to others, acting as a middleman between investors and firms raising money. Common institutions that conduct the intermediary actions are commercial banks, credit unions, insurance companies, mutual funds, and finance companies. These institutions are an integral part to the overall health and functionality of the world financial market.
Globalization is defined as the act of creating connections between countries across the globe in terms of culture and economy. Almost on every part of the world, citizens have become a part of the global village. Even though various researches stated that there are negative effects of globalization for particular reasons, the positive impacts were clearly shown to be stronger especially in developing countries such as Cambodia.
When going to the bank or any other financial institution people do their business of deposits, withdrawals, and transactions often without even thinking about how it all happens and how it works. Actually there is a very complex and interesting process behind it all. Some people think everything is done on paper and mailed from place to place. This is not true anymore. Most of the banking process is now done electronically. Present day Banks, Credit Unions, and other financial institutions utilize technological advances to store and process customer data; this impacts customer service, data security, transactions, and the way the financial institution operates.
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We must avoid the temptation if at any given time our individual national economy is more prosperous than those of our other partner states, to be so arrogant as to forget that our economic situation may be suddenly reversed and that therefore we will soon need close links with our partner states in matters concerning both the intra-regional and extra-regional spheres. West Indian history abounds with instances of countries suffering sudden reversals of their economic fortunes.
In the 2nd task I will recommend how those needs can be met and from
Banks sector is playing an important role in economies. The banking industry, as the classic and the most influential of financial intermediaries, facilitates economic operations. Financial sector in the worldwide country has been changes over these years by looking the changes of financial structure environment and economic conditions. Thus, banks are a very important point to financial system and play an important role as control and contribute growth to the economic sector.