2. Sulfur Extraction
Sulfur extraction is what industries use to extract sulfur that is to be used for applications within many processes. From this companies can use the sulfur to produce sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide, and sulfur trioxide to use in their processes. Industries use two methods because it is the most common as well as the most reliable way to recover sulfur from the earth. There are many ways to extract sulfur but the two most common ways are the Frasch process and the extraction through natural gas.
2.1. Overview of Sulfur
Sulfur is the 16th chemical element present on the periodic table of elements. Although the element is colorless, it appears as a yellow colored crystal shaped solid at room temperature. Sulfur is widely used around the world from medicine all the way to fertilizers. It serves a huge purpose in the world today as it is beneficial to many things such as crops in agriculture, fertilizers, medicine, cosmetics, rubber products, skin products, natural resources and most importantly in the oil and gas industry. It assists with many health benefits such as decreasing acne, in combination with alcohol it can be used to treat skin disorder. The human body itself is comprised of 0.25% sulfur. Figure 1 shows a visual representation of sulfur in its solid state at room temperature. [10]
Figure 1: Visual of Sulfur at room temperature [1]
2.2. Frasch Process
Previously mentioned there are two main ways of extracting sulfur; one being the Frasch process and the other being through natural gas. The Frasch process is the most common technique that industries use to extract sulfur. It is the safest, most reliable, and most accurate method to retrieve sulfur. The history behind the Frasch process goes ba...
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...aus method by reacting the hydrogen sulfide with air, called the thermal step. Then creating a reaction with sulfur dioxide produced from the thermal step to recover more sulfur, this is known as the catalytic step. From here the sulfur produced can be used for many real world applications: production of sulfuric acid, processing of sulfur in fertilizers, and sulfur-sodium batteries. Although there are plenty more
6. Conclusion (Continued) applications that sulfur can be used for the three mentioned in this report relate more to the oil and gas industry. Sulfur extraction is a very important process in the oil and gas industry as sulfur plays a big role in the world today ranging from health benefits, medicines, plants, cleaning agents, and explosives. It is good economically, cost effective, reliable, safe, and plays an important role in the production of sulfur.
Acid Base Extraction The purpose of this laboratory assignment was two-fold, first, we were to demonstrate the extraction of acids and bases, and, finally, determine what unknowns were present. Second, we were extracting caffeine from tea. These two assignments will be documented in two separate entities. Introduction: Acid/base extraction involves carrying out simple acid/base reactions in order to separate strong organic acids, weak organic acids, neutral organic compounds and basic organic substances.
They are also used in a variety of common products and processes. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a strong detergent used for removing oils and grease and is found in many household cleaning products, face and body washes and shampoos.
Note to environmentalists: The sulfuric acid was completely neutralized and properly discarded. Credits I would like to thank all the people who helped me with this project. I would especially like to thank my mother, for letting my go through an abundance of Baking Soda, Vinegar, and many of our other household items. I would like to thank my Father for helping me understand the science of this project, and my whole family for helping me do well. I'd also like to give credit to the following Brands of substances I used: Arm & Hammer Drano Revco Aspirin Mylanta Seaway And any other products I may have used along the way.
The physical properties of sulfur are a bright yellow powder. When it is burned you will see a clear blue flame and it has a strong odor. Sulfur has a melting point of 239.38 degrees Fahrenheit, a boiling point of 832.28 degrees Fahrenheit, and the density is 2.67 g/cm. Sulfur has sixteen electrons, protons, and neutrons. When sulfur reacts with the air it produces a gaseous dioxide. It does not react with water under normal circumstances. Sulfur reacts with halogens when it is heated. Sulfur makes up almost 3 percent of the Earth’s mass. At
The objective of this lab was to identify physical properties as well as chemical and physical changes. This was done by first observing and recording the physical properties of seven different materials. The materials were: Sulfur (S), Iron fillings (Fe), Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), Sucrose (C12H22011), Sand (SiO2), Magnesium (Mg), and Sodium chloride (NaCl). Those seven materials were then placed in a 24 well plate in small quantity’s and the physical properties were recorded. Sulfur was founded to be a powder with a yellow color and insoluble in water. Iron fillings were black, attracted to a magnet and insoluble. Sodium bicarbonate was found as a crystal solid with a white color and was insoluble. Sucrose was a crystal solid with a while
Chemistry teacher, Don Butterfingers, spills sulfuric acid in his room during an experiment. Many student claim he doesn’t follow safety protocol.
Purpose: The following experiment was conducted to prepare standardized solution of sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) and to determine the concentration of given unknown sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solution.
The benefits of extracting this resource is because it works as a fuel and burns very hot. It is also a promising alternative to sodium chloride deicing agents.
Sulfur has the chemical symbol S and has the atomic number 16. It has been referenced to in history (and even Genesis, as “brimstone”) and is even superstitiously linked to demons. It was unofficially discovered so long in the past that there is uncertainty on who initially found it. Sulfur also has ties with alchemy because in the ancient time, alchemists thought that if it was mixed with mercury it would turn to gold! Perhaps a bit more applicable, when a volcano erupts, the smell of rotten eggs can be attributed to sulfur. In all, sulfur is around a lot more than one would first ...
Acid mine drainage refers to water (leachate, drainage or seepage) that has come into contact with oxidised rocks or overburden that contains sulphide material (coal, zinc, copper, lead). (Keller, 2000; U.S.G.S.; U.S.E.P.A., 2002). A common sulphide is pyrite, or iron disulfide (FeS2), and throughout this essay it will be pyrite that will be the primary sulphide considered. Acid mine drainage is not a new phenomenon, early mining techniques utilized gravity to avoid water pooling, resulting in the water becoming polluted by acid, iron, sulphur and aluminium (U.S.E.P.A., 2002). It is most commonly associated with coal mining, especially with soft coal, coal that has high sulphur content. The pyrite that is present in coal seams will be accessible after surface mining when the overlying surfaces are removed or in deep mines that allow oxygen access to the previously inaccessible pyrite-containing coal (D.E.P. 1, 1997). After pyrite is exposed to air and water, sulphuric acid and iron hydroxide are formed, creating an acidic runoff (D.E.P. 1, 1997; 2 2002).
Sulphur is a chemical element that is represented with the chemical symbol "S" and the atomic number 16 on the periodic table. Because it is 0.0384% of the Earth's crust, Sulphur is the seventeenth most abundant element following strontium. Sulphur also takes on many forms, which include elemental Sulphur, organo-Sulphur compounds in oil and coal, H2S(g) in natural gas, and mineral sulfides and sulfates. This element is extracted by using the Frasch process, a method where superheated water and compressed air is used to draw liquid Sulphur to the surface. Offshore sites, Texas, and Louisiana are the primary sites that yield extensive amounts of elemental Sulphur. However, elemental Sulphur can also be produced by reducing H2S, commonly found in oil and natural gas. For the most part
All different kinds of secondary products are discussed in these section such as particulate matter (section 2.3.1), Tar compound (section 2.3.2), Sulphur compound (2.2.4). Although not much literature is available, section 2.3.3 briefly introduces the importance of Alkaline, heavy metals and halides compounds as secondary products. It is worth mentioning that secondary products come out from the gasification process concentrations of which in the gas depend on the biomass composition and the technology used.
... that involves crushed limestone being mixed with water. This forms a slurry. It is then sparayed into the area containing sulfur dioxide. This reacts to form a aqueos slurry of calcium sulphate. Compressed air is then blown into this slurry. This oxididses the calcium sulfite to form calcium sulphate. The product is treated to remove excess waterand is disposed in land fills.
..., and meat. Protein foods are the main source of sulfur. Sulfur plays a major role in the activities that protect the cells and cartilage. Sulfur can also be used in home remedies such as those for acne, and dandruff and can help with the healing of wounds. Sulfur has a charge of 2-.
The Industrial Revolution sparked a new curiosity and need for chemical engineering. In order for certain industries to sustain growth, the production of chemicals became of great importance, especially sulfuric acid. In attempts to improve the process of making this chemical, much time, money and effort was put into it. By this, the slightest savings led to large profits because of the vast quantities of sulfuric acid consumed by industries (Pafko, "Setting Stage").