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e-business evolution since 2005
IT Governance
e-business asignment
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E-business is a platform to any existing business enterprise which provides a medium to operate all business processes (Grant, Kevin, et al..99). It is a risky business due to many uncertainties on the success or failure of the organization. Risks associated with E-business includes;
Business risk: improper implementation of the e-business strategies can result in loss of good reputation and goodwill from consumers or vendors. The risk occurs due to market inflexibilities, and agility of a firm applying new trend in the industry. They are related to daily operations and decision making of an organization.
Financial risks: they are those situations that enterprise faces, and they can be expressed in monetary values. Since they can be quantified,
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To properly manage these technologies, ICT is the key factor for the business progress. If the enterprise is not able to handle the development of technology, then it will find itself in trouble and with high chances of failure.
Legal, regulatory or compliance risk: there is an increasing legislation framework that companies need to be aware. They include; E-communications, data protection and integrity, correctness and accurate data supply among others. A lot of consideration must be given to the laws of a nation in which an enterprise operates on through e-business.
Operational risks: they results from the uncertain and weak infrastructures and equipment. They include; loss of power, attacks by a virus, hackers, and crackers among others. The risks can limit an organization from achieving its objectives due to the operational difficulties.
Question
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The two are complementary functions with the aim of quality assurance. Both forms of the review are essential for effective business governance on IT. The two need to be independent, adequately resourced, and work in close cooperation according to laid down international standards (Harrison, Mark: 38). They need to report separately as they perform different functions with the aim of controlling the quality of information technology in an enterprise.
Essentially, individuals that undertake the two undergoes the same training and almost acquire the same knowledge. Also, the external auditors primarily rely on the report prepared by the firm’s internal auditors. Some differences that exist between the two are;
The external auditors provide assurance to the company’s shareholders while the internal auditors give assurance to the audit committee, senior management and the board of governors. Also, the external auditors provide opinions on financial statements to the shareholders with financial reporting risks, while the internal auditors cover all the risks associated with the whole system and how to manage them. Therefore, the management and the regulators should consider some differences between the two when creating policies to govern
Financial risk is the risk a corporation faces due to its exposure to market factors such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, commodities and stock prices. Financial risks for the most part, can be hedged due to the existence of large, efficient markets through which these risks can be transferred. This is unlike operating risk, which is associated with more manufacturing and marketing activities. Operating risk cannot be hedged because these risks are not traded.
The audit committee should follow certain criterion to choose internal auditors and external auditors, and also supervise their activities and interaction thus ensuring the function of audit both internal and external.
Both roles should ideally be independent of operations, but corporate compliance in reality owns the compliance operation policies and procedures. Internal audits have to be completely Independent. Internal audits also bring attention to the need for monitoring as a result of their auditing function. Corporate compliance ensures that monitoring and auditing occur. As far as follow-up goes, corporate compliance is responsible for such things, while internal audit is just responsible for reporting whether management responded appropriate to obtained information. Both roles are involved in compliance risk. Corporate compliance creates and implements a compliance plan to ensure that compliance risks are addressed. Internal Audit on the other hand, addresses compliance risks as part of risk based audits.
Hopefully you said both because they’re both apart of the overall approach of being an Independent company or firm. Independence of the internal auditor means independence from parties whose interests might be harmed by the results of an audit. Specific internal management issues are inadequate risk management, inadequate internal controls, and poor governance. Independence of the external auditor means independence from parties that have an interest in the results published in financial statements of an entity. The support from and relation to the Audit Committee of the client company, the contract and the contractual reference to public accounting standards/codes generally provides independence from management, the code of ethics of the Public Accountant profession that helps give guidance on independence form suppliers, clients, third parties.
Auditing as a profession as evolved drastically over decades and as time has passed auditing activities has expanded from performing specific assurance activities for management, to assisting and advising management with their specific business activities. The Institute of Internal Auditors define internal auditing as ‘”…an independent, objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organisation's operations. It helps an organisation accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, control, and governance processes.’ (Institute of Internal Auditors, 2013) Through this definition it can be explained why auditors can be seen as the ‘eyes and ears’ of management. Concentrating specifically on the principles of Governance, the usage of Internal Auditing Standards, the Current Role of Internal Auditing in SA, reviewing current crisis, the importance of Internal Auditing to management is evident.
Since professional independence and skepticism are more important for an auditors on audit engagement. It is recommended that auditors should enhance professional skepticism to the financial statement audit. It includes increase the ability of auditor to detect fraud by training, enhancing ability through experience and paying more effort in audit plan. In order to enhance auditor independence, directors should disclose the audit and non-audit services fee to investors and let investors to evaluate the independence of the auditor. By separating of auditor duties for audit and non-audit services, it can be help to maintain auditor independence. By enhancing the internal control system and corporate governance, it can be help to reduce fraud risk.
According to the definition of Whatis.com "E-business (electronic business), derived from such terms as "e-mail" and "e-commerce," is the conduct of business on the Internet, not only buying and selling but also servicing customers and collaborating with business partners."[1]
Financial risks include general ledger accounting, accounts receivable risk, accounts payable accounting risk, the risk of payroll, fixed assets accounting risk, cash management risk and cost accounting risks.
Operational risks are risks that may occur in the day to day activities, which may involve the process, systems, or people. Strategic risks are those risks involved with strategy. Positioning ones’ company with the right alliances and competing with fare prices will help affect future operational decisions. Compliance risks involve the many legislations and regulations a company must follow. The results could lead to high penalties and a company’s reputation could take a hit. Lastly, financial risks are always being monitored because oil, fuel, and currency rates are constantly fluctuating. By monitoring the fluctuating rates determines fare cost and balancing of the budget. “Like in any other industry, the risk exposure quantifies the amount of loss that might occur from any particular activity” (Genovese,
Li, F 2007, What is E-business ?: how the Internet transforms organizations, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.
Electronic Commerce as popularly as E-commerce has become a big deal in our growing economy due to the increase use of online systems. E-commerce now of the fastest growing business in the world. The technology has change the way of business. Business that have physical location have now made it an effort to focus their online business. It is the new sort of business platform where you can make use of different technologies like electronic data interchange or transfer document electronically. Online business is an effective of sales.
Audit is a process to evaluate and review the accounts and financial statement objectively. We can divide it into internal auditors and external auditors. Internal auditors have a inner knowledge of business process. Auditor has access to the much confidential information and all levels of management. But they may lose their judgement and they are not acceptable by the shareholder. “The overall objective of the external auditors is to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to report on the financial statements in acco...
E-business is a wider concept that takes into account all the aspects of use of information technology in business. Apart from buying and selling, it also includes servicing customers, collaboration with business partners, and engages incorporation across business processes and communication within the organisation (Rowley, 2002)
What's e-business? It is the transformation of every business process through using the internet and associated technologies. In this transformation, each part of the business becomes a part of an intrinsic network, which enables employees, suppliers and customers of a given enterprise to conduct their tasks. People usually try to make a point in differing e-business from e-commence, but as I see, e-commerce is a part of the e-business category, and an important one.
E-commerce means that the company runs their business online, not like the traditional business way. We have to go the shopping mall or store to get goods that we need, E-Business is the enabling of electronic communication between any two or more participants in a business relationship. It helps companies capture abroad business field, cost saving, and market opportunity. E-commerce is an important factor that is making people’s lives more efficient.