Expansion of EU
The EU Expansion of May 2004
On May 1, 2004, new members were added to EU. The current round of expansion brings 10 new EU kids on the block: Slovenia, Hungary, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Cyprus, and Malta. There are more to follow in the EU candidate list. Many of these countries are of varying economic strengths and per capita incomes. The average Gross National Product of the newer countries is significantly different from the first 12 member nations of the EU.
Indian IT Industry
India has a well-trained work force and the largest pool of English speaking workers anywhere outside native English speaking countries. India produces more engineers and MBAs than any European country. The educated workforce and the currency exchange rates are the prime factors that make India a very attractive location for software development. India’s quality workforce is among the least paid in the world, yet the workers can afford a good standard of living, due to relatively low cost of living in India. Due to these factors, India has emerged as leading software exporter in the world. USA and Europe are the biggest markets for the Indian software companies. The IT exports were worth $12.5 billion in the fiscal year 2003-2004.
Trade between India and Europe
Before the formation of the EU, USA was the single largest trading partner for India. Many European countries like UK, Germany and France were the other major partners. After the EU came into being, it has replaced USA as India’s leading trade partner. The major industries involved in India-EU trade are steel, cement, Computer Software, etc.
India has had much greater business relations with the western European countries as compared to the eastern European countries.
Bilateral trade between India and UK grew by over 20% during 2003. The UK is the second largest investor to India. India was the 8th largest investor in the UK in 2003. The UK attracts over 60% of India's investment in Europe. India is the UK's 17th largest export market.
India and Germany have strong bi-lateral trade relations. Last year, Germany's trade volume with India totaled some €5 billion ($5.6 billion). India’s IT sector has very strong business relations with Germany.
The Changing Scenario?
The basic principles on which EU functions involve removal of trade barriers among member countries and facilitation of free movement of people within the EU. Does this also involve restrictive trade practices and exclusion of workers from non-EU countries?
heads of government signed the Lisbon Treaty, which was designed to make the European Union (EU) “more democratic , more transparent and more efficient” (BBC) after twelve new members have been added in 2004 and 2007. Before the treaty could enter into force, it had to be ratified by all EU members. This essay will summarize the Lisbon Treaty and the governmental and democratic consequences it will have on the EU decision making. It intends to state that Europe has the wish to change and actively tries
It seems only natural now to improve the Union the best way possible, through the physical enlargement of its territory. The progress represented by the EU is progress that deserves to be shared with the people of all European nations, yet on what scale? While today’s EU leaders are more than ready to invite fellow nations to join the EU, they fail to take proper account of the future, of how this could possibly cheapen the European identity and the work that was only spurred on by two destructive
economic interests, and security challenges. The expansion of the European Union into the countries which were under the Soviet sphere of influence continues to complicate the internal border security of the European Union. Given the liberalization of trade within the EU and in turn into the US, the port and border security of each trading partner is connected in this global economy. This paper examines some of the border security issues facing the EU and how these challenges affect the United States
and bags), is established by Armi Ratia a woman of strong personality, which created such a typical company’s philosophy, more than 60 years ago. The company, during the time of its existence, went through the several phases of the international expansion, started from the Nordic countries, throughout the Europe (European Union) and other countries, Japan and USA above all. The feature worth to mention is the non-typical, partly national character of the company, building its brand awareness on the
into the export market in 1960s and the first garment exports destination were to Russia. Further she states that the period after the late 1970s shows a boom in textile and apparel industry in Sri Lanka. Wijendra (n.d.) points out that this rapid expansion in the T&A industry has occurred due to two major reasons. First reason is the introduction of the open economic policy in 1977. With the introduction of the open economic policy the economy of Sri Lanka was radically changed. It guided to the relaxation
The enlargement of the European Union (EU) in 2004 and 2007 has been termed as the largest single expansion of the EU with a total of 12 new member states – bringing the number of members to 27 – and more than 77 million citizens joining the Commission (Murphy 2006, Neueder 2003, Ross 2011). A majority of the new member states in this enlargement are from the eastern part of the continent and were countries that had just emerged from communist economies (EC 2009, Ross 2011), although overall, the
total fish production in the World. European Union (EU) countries contribute to 4% of the world aquaculture production. The value of EU aquaculture production was € 3.1 billion for 1.26 million tonnes of production in 2010[4]. Available data show a growing gap – estimated at 8 million tonnes – between the level of consumption of seafood in the EU and the volume of captures from fisheries. Thus the European Union is giving a priority to expansion of Aquaculture in its Members countries. Because of
In March 2000, EU leaders adopt the ‘Lisbon strategy’ designed to enable the EU to compete on the global market with other major players such as the US and newly industrialised countries. The aim was to encourage modernisation and business investment, and ensure that Europe’s education systems meet
The EU has to decide how to deal with immigration. The European Union allows it's citizens to move freely within it's borders, and also work in any member country. It is also relatively safe and has a democratic government, which makes the laws and regulations, the countries within it are quite highly developed and successful, and provide benefits to needy citizens. It may not be perfect, but compared to other countries there are many opportunities for a 'good life' in the EU. It is
attention from EU scholars about environmental policy. Since the 1970’s there has been numerous environmental crises and the emergency of an environmental, social movement in several European countries, but even after green politics in Europe quietened and environmental policy gained a ‘normal’ status in the “acquis communautaire”, this attention never subsided. This chapter argues that “the study of environmental policy lends its self to contribute to several larger debates on the dynamics in EU policy
2. BACKGROUND 2.1. Indonesian Furniture Industry This section provides an overview regarding the role of Indonesia’s furniture industry for its economy, also general information about the type of furniture products that have been exported to EU market and some furniture exporter countries which become the major competitor for Indonesia. Indonesian furniture industry is one of the potential sub sector in Indonesia. This Industry creates great job opportunities for Indonesian people. Furniture industry
Introduction The development of a human rights policy in the EU has been a long and often undocumented journey. The sectoral approach of the Paris Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951 had an economic and functional intention, lacking a declaration of fundamental rights, as seen in national constitutions. It was not until the 2000 Nice Summit that the European Union first established a written charter, the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, explicitly stating and guaranteeing
In such instances, the shareholders will have to make strategic decision in order to minimize loss and maximize profit. According to the Davis case study, two major ways in which a company can grow are: International Expansion and Acquisition. (The Time 100) 1. International Expansion: setting up a business in your local community or within your nation boundaries is good because it gives you access to your local market. However, if you are going to maximize
O’Neil (2009) presented the analysis of environmental NGOs and firms relationship in which environmental NGOs convinced companies or corporations that consumers concerned environmental movements, hence, ‘eco-friendly’ partnership relation would maximise their profits. Because of this, companies and corporations decided cooperation with environmental NGOs. O’Neil (2009) also used an example of Coca-Cola and WWF cooperation to illustrate for her view. Secondly, the contribution of non-actors by providing
Economic Cooperation (OEEC), European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and Euratom into a European community (EC), which then fully transformed into the European Community in 1993(Boyd A., 2007). Meanwhile, from 2000-2009 is a period that the EU is on the big expansion which 10 more countries joined the Union in 2004 (Boyd A., 2007). Since its establishment in 1993, it has achieved many goals especially free area, the cohesion policy, and single market. The European continent was a continent that has