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Critical Essay on The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne
Critical Essay on The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne
Critical Essay on The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne
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1. Jean- Paul Sartre’s No Exit reveals the existentialist philosophy by how he establishes the characters as naive in the way that they attempted to justify their actions. When they enter hell, Garcin realizes that he was a coward for abandoning his soldiers. As for Inez, in the beginning she claims that she was innocent. Although, as the story concludes it was revealed that she was murdered due to her lover’s affair. Furthermore, Estelle at first believes the reasoning for existential philosophy of free will is also incorporated towards the end of the play when all three characters own up to their actions that led them to this dystopia or “Hell “that they are in. 2. When the door is opened Garcin becomes troublesome over the fact that Inez has called him a coward. This inclines him to stay and redeem himself as the heroic person he claims to be. When Inez makes him realize that he is a coward he is determined to stay and make up for his actions as a way to be set free from this internal hell they all face. Furthermore, they …show more content…
Albert Camus portrays this idealism about isolation among the characterization from both the Stranger and No exit. Meursault can be described as isolated due to his independent personality. By him enclosing his thoughts only to himself and not expressing his emotions to his friends or family, he gives off this vibe of being reserved. Towards the end of the novel, he begins to feel alone when the jury and judge do not see his perspective as to why he killed the Arab. Same goes for the three main character in No Exit. With their egoistic attitudes they are in denial for their committed crimes. Although, it is not brought up until the end of the play when all three characters begin to feel vulnerable and alone once they finally realize who they are. For instance, when Garcin was troubled after Inez made him realize that he was a coward. He tries to escape this isolation of guilt by attempting to redeem himself to Estelle and
Albert Camus is a skillful writer noted for showing aspects of culture and society through the depiction of his characters. In The Stranger, Camus illustrates the existentialism culture and how that comes into play in the life of the protagonist Meursault. The Stranger, as suggested by the title, is a novel revolving around the protagonist, Meursault, who is a stranger to the French-Algerian society as he challenges its values. Camus vividly portrays Meursault’s journey through the use of imagery, irony, and symbolism. In The Stranger, Albert Camus uses the minor character, Raymond Sintes, to illustrate the contrasting nature of Meursault and how his friendship with Raymond leads to his downfall.
In his lecture, Existentialism is a Humanism, Jean-Paul Sartre discusses common misconceptions people, specifically Communists and Christians, have about existentialism and extentanitalists (18). He wants to explain why these misconceptions are wrong and defend existentialism for what he believes it is. Sartre argues people are free to create themselves through their decisions and actions. This idea is illustrated in the movie 13 Going on Thirty, where one characters’ decision at her thirteenth birthday party and her actions afterwards make her become awful person by the time she turns thirty. She was free to make these decisions but she was also alone. Often the idea of having complete free will at first sounds refreshing, but when people
Addressing the critics of Existentialism was a necessity for both Sartre and de Beauvoir, as it was initially dismissed by many critics, such as the Communists and the Christians, as nihilistic or overly pessimistic. While understandable at a superficial level, Sartre and de Beauvoir challenged these critics to rethink their idea of existentialism and foster a deeper meaning of the philosophy of existentialism.
Albert Camus’ The Stranger offers one man’s incite into the justice of society. Monsieur Meursault, the main protagonist in the novel, believes that morals and the concept of right and wrong possess no importance. This idea influences him to act distinctively in situations that require emotion and just decision, including feeling sadness over his mother’s death, the abuse of a woman, and his killing of an innocent man. In these situations Meursault apathetically devoids himself of all emotion and abstains from dealing with the reality in front of him. When confronted by the court over his murder, he reiterates his habitual motto on life that nothing matters anyways, so why care? His uncaring response inflames the people working within the
The emotionless anti-hero, Monsieur Meursault, embarks on a distinct philosophical journey through The Stranger. Confident in his ideas about the world, Meursault is an unemotional protagonist who survives without expectations or even aspirations. Because of his constant indifference and lack of opinions about the world, it can be denoted that he undergoes a psychological detachment from the world and society. It is through these characteristics that exist in Meursault that Camus expresses the absurd. Starting from the very first sentence of the book, “Maman died today. Or maybe yesterday, I don’t know.” (Camus 1) The indifferent tone from these short sentences convey a rather apathetic attitude from Meursault’s part. Not only does he not feel any sorrow, he also “felt like having a smoke.” (Camus 4) Communicating perfectly Meursault’s disinterest, “[he] hesitate, [he] didn’t know if [he] could do it with Maman right there. [He] thought it over; it really didn’t matter.” (Camus 4) The death of his mother prompts an absurdist philosophy in which he experiences a psychological awakening and begins to place no real emphasis on emotions, but rather on the physical aspect of life.
the play may be pass to modern society, that one may not learn, or even
...able option. Camus’s main character, Meursault, embodies this third option; by accepting his circumstances and being indifferent to them, Meursault is able to break free of all possible causes of anxiety and find happiness. Furthermore, Meursault’s rejection of religion as belief, his acceptance of the “benign indifference of the universe”, and his acceptance of his circumstances all leading to happiness personifies Camus’s take on Absurdism, the philosophy that Camus is trying to depict in The Stranger (76). By using foil characters to contrast Meursault in actions or personality, Camus creates several polarizing situations, making Meursault the extreme epitome of Absurdism in every contrasting relationship and thus, shining light on his ideology in the process.
The main character Meursault is literally a stranger, a stranger to the reader. He is a stranger in many ways. Meursault does not act as we would say a normal person would. Being as he did not shed a tear at his own mothers funeral. Meursault also shot and killed an Arab at the beach and showed no regrets. Throughout the novel Meursault kept himself isolated himself mentally,
Three people, trapped in a lavish room, and stuck together for all of eternity. The only communication any of them can have is with the other members in this room. Not bad, right? Wrong. These three people exemplify one another’s imperfections and create a high level of torment with one another. Welcome to hell. Literally, this is the view of hell according to Jean-Paul Sartre in his play, “No Exit.” The characters are unknowingly alone, in terms of finding betterment within inner selves. The only thing the other people in the room create is anguish for one another. The epitome is although these characters are truly not alone, each is lonely and the hell in this is a timeless never ending torture in one another dragging each of themselves into furthered grief and despair. What is hell then? Simply, it is our current living. Sartre is clear in saying “hell is other people” (Sartre 45). The repulsiveness of human nature makes us all infinitely empty and it is something that is inescapable. Depression and loneliness are simple byproducts of acceptance of the ugliness of our world at least according to Sartre. Even if the concept of “hell is other people” is refuted, it does not place one’s own inner nature. Regardless, “No Exit” holds a message of being forever alone at least to achieve a state of happiness. Therefore, loneliness must be examined in three scopes sadness, love, and communication as to understand the purpose of this life, which John G. Mcgraw addresses in his article, “God and the Problem of Loneliness.”
Garcin, the most complex out of the three characters, slowly yields to the mold that his death is shaping him into. As a result, he finds himself craving the other’s respect. When the play first opens, Garcin wants his privacy so that he can “face the situation” (Sartre 5) and “size it up” (Sartre 5). Initially, Garcin doesn’t even want the help of others; he rejects Inez’s presence and would “rather...
Existentialism is a term that was coined specifically by Jean-Paul Sartre in regards to his own life. Sartre had adopted the Atheistic approach to life and its meaning, and while he was not the first or only one to do so, was the first and only one to come up with a way to describe it. Under Existentialism, man lives without higher power or guidance and must rely solely on himself and what he is aiming to do in order to lead a fulfilling life. This can be anything. Critics of Sartre propose that, because such a vast array of options exists within the meaningfulness of life, this philosophy is obsolete and trivial in nature. This is not true, as it is seen in everyday examples – celebrities, namely – that a thirst
In Albert Camus’ novel, The Stranger, the protagonist Meursault is a character who has definite values and opinions concerning the society in which he lives. His self-inflicted alienation from society and all its habits and customs is clear throughout the book. The novel itself is an exercise in absurdity that challenges the reader to face the nagging questions concerning the meaning of human existence. Meursault is an existentialist character who views his life in an unemotional and noncommittal manner, which enhances his obvious opinion that in the end life is utterly meaningless.
(Crowell). Ironically the authors, directors and poets would deny that they are existentialists, because they are existentialists. (Corbett) The authors continued showing features that furthered the belief of their movement. In their eyes, people are free and must take it upon themselves to make rational decisions in a chaotic universe. Existentialists believe that there is nothing more to life since life has no purpose. (Corbett) Life is just where we are right now but we have no real impact to others or this earth. It is all the same if we were dead as if we were alive. This often comes as a realization to existentialist people and often present in existentialist literature about the “reality” of life.The question comes down to, do all human beings believe that they matter in life? This question challenges existentialist belief since life has no purpose. (Corbett) How can we matter in this life if one of the main themes in existentialism is that we have no purpose, it is quite
The Stranger, a novel written by Albert Camus shows a world were being authentic is impossible. Meursault, the main character, is a strange person from the point of view of society and at the end of the book he is sentenced to death “for killing an Arab.” The society that judges Meursault as a stranger is the representation of our world, and Meursault is a person who tries to live his live following what he thinks is important in life; he is authentic. Meursault lives in a world really different from the real world. At the end of the book it is seen how the prosecutor, a “lawyer” of the state, defines Meursault as a person that is very different from the rest of society. The reason why Meursault is different from the rest of the world is that he doesn’t have the same ideals than society, and the things that society things are important Meursault considers them as unimportant. By having different reasons to live life, Meursault lives separated from society; he lives in a separate world. At the end of the book Meursault is obligated to come to reality. The judgment of Meursault let us see the impossibility of the. Meursault is not only himself but also a representation of the people how try to be different, and the prosecutor and the rest of the society are a reflection of our own world. The whole book is a reflection of our world.
Albert Camus wrote The Stranger during the Existentialist movement, which explains why the main character in the novel, Meursault, is characterized as detached and emotionless, two of the aspects of existentialism. In Meursault, Camus creates a character he intends his readers to relate to, because he creates characters placed in realistic situations. He wants the reader to form a changing, ambiguous opinion of Meursault. From what Meursault narrates to the reader in the novel, the reader can understand why he attempts to find order and understanding in a confused and mystifying world.