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Causes and effects of urbanization
Causes and effects of urbanization
Causes and effects of urbanization
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In researching decision making topics, I chose to investigate the decisions that went into implementing the Evansville Sewer Replacement project and the impacts it had to consumers and local government officials. In order to understand and research the decisions made, I also had to explore the details of the project and what made up the initiative, its purpose, and its effect on consumers. Throughout research, it was determined that this project came about because of many factors over a period of time and the timeline of the project was based on and affected by decisions made by the city government.
The purpose of the Evansville Sewer Replacement initiative is to eliminate the use of Combined Sewer Outflows (About CSOs) in the City of Evansville within twenty years (Martin). This initiative was directed by the government and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA enforces the Clean Water Act of 1972, which mandates the control of these CSO’s across the United States and demands that the city prepare a long-term plan in line with appropriate water quality standards (Program Facts). Due to the city’s decision throughout history to underinvest in their sewer system, they now are faced with having to address a significant issue of updating an aging system that requires many updates in order to comply with these federal mandates at a substantial cost (Evansville Water and Sewer Utility).
CSO’s are combined sanitary sewers that carry both sewage and storm water and the overage exceeds the capacity of the infrastructure (Program Facts). Around 100 years ago, many cities such as Evansville began building storm sewers to carry wastewater away from homes, businesses, and the streets. Then, with the installation of ind...
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...ht Banks. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Apr. 2014. .
Evansville Water and Sewer Utility. Funding Our City’s Sewer Improvements. N.p.: Evansville Water and Sewer Utility, n.d. www.evansville.in.gov. Renew Evansville. Web. 25 Apr. 2014. .
Martin, John. "City, Feds Working to Finalize Plan to Curb Combined Sewer Overflows." Courier and Press. Scripps Interactive Newspapers Group, 22 Mar. 2013. Web. 12 Apr. 2014. .
"Program Facts." Evansville.IN.Gov. Renew Evansville, 01 May 2013. Web. 12 Apr. 2014. .
2012 Combined Sewer Overflow Operation Plan (CSOOP) Update. Evansville: Evansville Water and Sewer Utility, 12 Nov. 2012. PDF.
If I were Holbrook my initial goal would be to correct the water and sanitary sewer systems problem. I believe it is the community responsibility to pay for the up-keep and maintenance of the two facilities, because it is the community who is reaping the benefits of these facilities. I would recommend the council to combine the sewer (330,800) and water (158,090) expenditures to the sewer (113,000) and water (379,350) capital program expenditures, and incorporate the two as one revenue fee. This would allow the revenue fees to pay for the operating cost and the reconstruction cost of the two facilities. Making them one fee would give the council more leeway in increasing total revenue cost for these services. In general, people tend to see one bill instead of two as a deal instead of a problem. This is almost like the buy one get one free philosophy; you know the store has raise the price of the item you are purchasing so that you are paying for the item you’re getting free. The propose revenue fee would total 648,170. The 700 water customers and the 3000 sewer customers would pay for this fee. Assuming that the 700 water customers were already included in the 3000 sewer customers, the total customer for the two services would equal 2300. I would divide the total re...
Law, Steve. "Vanport Flood Left Changes in Wake." Portland Tribune. Pamplin Media Group, 06 June 2012.
Handy, Ryan. "The Colorado Springs Gazette." Colorado Springs Gazette. N.p., 25 Apr. 213. Web. 09 June 2014.
Metro Atlanta is on a collision course with reality – and the shock of this collision will have profound political and economic implications for future growth throughout the Southeast. The core problem is that Atlanta’s runaway growth will soon outstrip the available water supply (Corps, 1998). And if Atlanta continues to increase its water consumption until the maximum limits are reached, the effects on downstream users will become catastrophic, both economically and environmentally.
The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'. Web. The Web. The Web. 13 Nov. 2010.
In Chicago’s early days of rising to become a major US city, its population exploded, causing the city to modernize quickly and businesses to cut corners to keep their edge. The river soon became the dumping ground for both sewage and toxic waste dumped by the slaughter houses. By demand of citizens, a canal was built “which later would be named the Illinois and Michigan (I&M) Canal (Hansen, pg. 41). The proposed canal “called for an excavation that woul...
Before the 19th Century, sewage disposal was virtually unknown until the first American cities were built around the 1700’s. Human waste was originally disposed of in the woods, but some wealthy Virginians built large houses and used chamber pots to "do their business" indoors, and the contents would be thrown into the back yard. Later, as towns developed, waste was tossed into the streets to decompose or be washed away in the rainstorms (Virginia Places, 2010). Privies or outhouses were also built in back yards and were commonly used to dispose of waste. Toilets, also known as “water closets,” were put into homes in the mid 19th Century in the United States. The water closet had indoor plumbing where piping was run through the roof, and a gravity ...
The Colorado River is on a path that will take it to its end. The river is running out of water and cannot keep up with the high demand. New technology and growing industries require more water and more power. Organizations are attempting to solve the problem through public policy but the task may prove too large. Humans have changed the coarse of nature and it is up to us to come together and fight for change.
The idea of retrofitting suds into existing developments was introduced to tackle the problems assiocated with traditional drainage systems which were designed to convey stormwater from the devlopents to receiving enviorments as quickily as possible to minimize flooding at the development. These however cause enviormental problems in receiving enviorments
Stephenson, R., & Blackburn, J. J. (1998). The Industrial Wastewater Systems Handbook. New York: Lewis Publishers.
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---. “The Clean Water Act—Is it Successfully Reducing Water Pollution?- Final Draft.” UTSA: WRC 1023, 11 Apr 2014. Print.
Water purification and a wastewater treatment plants would be necessary in order to provide the citizens and visitors with clean healthy water. To prevent flooding, this city was built on flood plains.
"Water Pollution." Current Issues: Macmillan Social Science Library. Detroit: Gale, 2010. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 5 May 2014.
The city manager that was appointed by Republican Governor Rick Snyder switch to Flint river from Detroit water system; Instead it resulted in plenty individuals breaking out in rashes, deaths, behavioral issues and the people of flint having to rely on aid water from celebrities, national guard and aid water because of the contaminated water. As the story unfolds the thoughts that came to my mind were why did it take it a year for those in charge to try to switch back to the Detroit water system. Why is money a big issue when many peoples ' lives are at stake? In both incidents were I had witnessed social inclusion being absent I believe recommendations such as those I listed below will assist with similar issues in the