Evaluation of a Behavior Change System

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Recommended: Studies on teaching children with autism spectrum disorder

System: Incidental Teaching

Incidental teaching is a method of teaching in which the interaction is child initiated and the reinforcer is directly related to the behavior being taught (Hart & Riley, 1975). Incidental teaching makes use of motivating operations by ensuring the environment is set up to encourage the child's interest and then waiting for the child to seek assistance from an adult to gain access to the desired item (Hart & Risley, 1975). The adult will then reward the child with the desired item or activity after receiving the correct response from the child with the level of prompting appropriate to the child's developmental level and necessary to promote errorless learning. Prompts are then faded until the child can respond independently. Incidental teaching has been used most often to promote language acquisition as well as social and daily living skills (Autism Training Solutions, n.d.) in individuals with autism and other developmental disabilities. Incidental teaching can be utilized by teachers, behaviorist as well as parents. For this intervention, incidental teaching will be used to teach a 4.5-year-old boy how to label prepositions.

Literature Review

In the study published in the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, McGee, Krantz, & McClannahan (1985) compared the effect of incidental teaching to traditional teaching methods on acquisition, teaching efficiency and generalization of preposition use by children with autism. The participants used for the study were 3 boys ages 7 ½, 8 and 11 years old who were diagnosed with autism and had delayed expressive language. Incidental teaching took place in a classroom setting with preferred items placed on shelves or with plastic shoebox related to the target pr...

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...: Naturalistic Teaching Strategies. Skills That Can be Taught with NaTS [Video file]. Retrieved March 3, 2014, from http://www.autismtrainingsolutions.com

Cooper, J. O., Heron, T. E., & Heward, W. L. (2007). Applied behavior analysis (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Hart, B., & Risley, T. R. (1975). Incidental teaching of language in the preschool. Journal of

Applied Behavior Analysis, 8(4), 411–420. doi:10.1901/jaba.1975.8-411

McGee, G. G., & Daly, T. (2007). Incidental Teaching of Age-Appropriate Social Phrases to Children With Autism. Research & Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 32(2), 112–123.

McGee, G. G., Krantz, P. J., & McClannahan, L. E. (1985). The facilitative effects of incidental teaching on preposition use by autistic children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 18(1), 17–31. doi:10.1901/jaba.1985.18-17

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