Etkili Çalışma Yöntemleri

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2. ÖĞRENME STİLLERİ İLE ETKİLİ ÇALIŞMA ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ Öğrenme bilgiyi algılama, kaydetme, hatırlama ve gerektiğinde kullanma sürecidir. Öğrenme, yaşantı sonucu kazanılan kalıcı davranış değişikliği olarak da tanımlanabilir. Öğrenme süreci bireyin aktif olduğu bir süreçtir ve bireyin çabası sonucu gerçekleşir. Öğrenmenin etkili biçimde gerçekleşebilmesi için öğrencilerin yalnızca öğretmenin anlattıklarını dinlemeleri ve öğretmenin sunduğu sınırlı bilgileri tekrar etmeleri yeterli değildir. Etkili öğrenme için öğrencilerin öğretme-öğrenme sürecinde öğretmeni dinlerken dikkatlerini toplama, dinledikleri üzerinde düşünme, anlayamadıklarını sorma, tekrar etme ve yeni bilgilerle önceden öğrendikleri bilgileri ilişkilendirmesi gereklidir (Sekman, 2011). 2.1. Öğrenme Stilleri ve Stratejileri Öğrenme stili, bireyin öğrenmeye yönelik eğilimlerini ya da tercihlerini gösteren özelliklerdir. 1960 yılında Rita Dunn tarafından geliştirilen teori ile bireylerin farklı öğrenme stillerine sahip oldukları ileri sürülmektedir. Öğrenme stilleri, her bir öğrencinin yeni ve zor bir bilgiyi öğrenmeye hazırlanırken, öğrenirken ve hatırlarken kullandığı farklı ve kendine özgü yöntemlerdir (Erdoğan, 2000). Görsel, işitsel ve kinestetik olmak üzere üç öğrenme stili vardır. Görseller, genellikle düzenli ve titizdir. Ayrıntıları ve renkleri hatırlar. Konuyu tam olarak anlamaları için dersin görsel malzemelerle desteklenmesi gerekir. Not alarak, liste yaparak, öğrenilecek bilgileri okuyarak, bir gösteriyi izleyerek öğrenir. Kitaplardan video filmlerinden ve basılı materyallerden yararlanır. İşitseller, ses ve müziğe duyarlıdır. İşittiklerini daha iyi anlar ve çoğunlukla konuşarak, tartışarak öğrenirler. Olay ve kavramları birinin anlatması i... ... middle of paper ... ...iştirilmiştir. Ana fikir yöntemi, şekil-yazı yöntemi, zihin haritaları yöntemi, maddeleme yöntemi, akrostiş yöntemi ve kısaltma yöntemi etkin not tutmada önemli yere sahiptir (Tunalı, 2008). Works Cited KAYNAKLAR Sekman M. (2011). Başarı Üniversitesi. 27. Basım, Alfa yayınları, İstanbul, s. 148-149, 153-156. Tunalı M. (2008). Öğrencilik Mesleğinde Başarı. 2. Basım, Yakamoz yayıncılık, İstanbul, s. 70-77. Yangın B. & Tay B. (2008). 4. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Bilgiler Dersinde Sınıf Ortamında Kullandıkları Öğrenme Stratejileri. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (KEFAD) Cilt 9, Sayı 3, s. 74-75. Erdoğan İ. (2000). Öğrenmek, Gelişmek, Özgürleşmek. 1. Basım, Sistem yayıncılık, İstanbul, s. 44-50, 114-116. Baltaş A. (1999). Stres Altında Ezilmeden Öğrenmede ve Sınavlarda Üstün Başarı. 17. Basım, Remzi kitabevi, İstanbul, s. 42-43, 210-211.

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