Etiology/Causative Agents
Salmonellosis is an illness caused by the zoonotic bacteria, Salmonella typhimurium or Salmonella enteritidis. Salmonella is of the Enterobacteriaceae gram-negative family (CDC). Salmonellosis is commonly thought of as an intense stomach bug, or food poisoning. This illness is most commonly foodborne, and occurs upon the digestion of animal feces that has contaminated the source (Minnesota Department of Health). When food is not properly cooked to remove all bacteria, or if food is contaminated after preparation, this is when the person is most likely to become infected. Due to the portal of entry being through ingestion of the bacteria, it takes form primarily in the stomach. It has a special outer membrane made up of lipopolysaccharides that allows it to coexist with the acidic digestive environment (Microbewiki). It is also possible to be infected by an animal host. Coming in contact with a contaminated
…show more content…
Certain foods are more likely to be infected than others. It is more typical for infected foods to be from animals, or around animals that could contaminate it. Raw meats, poultry, seafood, eggs and fruits and vegetables are the most commonly infected. Bacteria can be avoided if proper cooking precautions are taken. Things like rinsing foods, and cooking them thoroughly can help to prevent food poisoning. Pets can also carry the bacteria. It can be in their fecal matter, or shells of pet turtles. One of the main reasons anyone working in the food industry is required to be out of work if they are experiencing diarrhea is to reduce the chance of transmitting Salmonella. Any feces transferred to food, and consumed will cause food poisoning. This is also why it is so important for everyone to stay on top of personal hygiene and regular hand washing (Minnesota Department of Health). After consumption, the incubation period typically begins to show symptoms within the first three
The exposure to the contaminated food happened during the Memorial Day service celebration, which was May 30th. According to the case study, onset of symptoms occurred from June 5th to June 28th. Therefore, the incubation period from this case ranged from seven days to thirty days. According to Heymann (2014), the incubation period for Typhoid fever ranges from 3 days to over 60 days, with the usual range from eight to fourteen days. A graph of the incubation period is provided in Figure
Diagnosis of salmonellosis involves testing a sample of stool, as well as isolation from samples of tissue, blood, or urine. Since it is commonly mistaken for the flu and involves similar symptoms to other illnesses, the method of diagnosis for salmonellosis is pretty hard to come by. Most people with salmonellosis don’t seek treatment, so they’re never aware that they even had it. Since it is a foodborne pathogen, has a common route of infection via oral ingestion, and is found in food products that we consume on a daily
Symptoms, which include diarrhea and abdominal pain, usually begin two to eight days after a person has been exposed to the bacteria and resolve within a week.
Abstract: Salmonella is a bacterium that causes one of the most common intestinal infections in the United States - Salmonellosis. The chance of contracting this disease is significantly high, and more and more people are suffering from the symptoms and complications of Salmonella. This paper will discuss about the disease itself, the current outbreaks that are related to this disease, preventions and the treatments.
Hypothesis about signs and symptoms: Symptoms: cramping, diarrhea, and dehydration. These symptoms were thought to be due to the disease withdrawing fluid from the blood and irritating the stomach and
In all the cases, some people were hospitalized. To treat the infection, people should rest and take antibiotics promptly. So as you can see, Salmonella typhimurium is a serious microorganism that can create a lot of havoc if it gets inside of a person’s system and although there are many ways to diagnose it, it must be diagnosed quickly or a person could end up in the hospital.
Infectious diseases are the disorders caused by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasite who live both inside and outside our bodies and are normally helpful but can cause infectious diseases to the human (body) system under certain conditions. And for a disease to be infectious, there is what is called ‘’chain of infection’’ that takes place before. And this can be seen in the below diagram:
Salmonella is one danger that has caused many effects to consumers. Walsh writes about one incident when an outbreak “from tainted peanuts that killed at least eight people and sickened 600,” (Walsh 167). This incident left many people asking the same question, how can we trust the food that we put into our bodies? Salmonella, a type of food poisoning caused by bacteria found on different food types has caused an epidemic because of its domino effect on food and our health. Once one factory is contaminated, that factory could be housing both crops and meat, which is then transferred to our supermarkets and on our dinner tables. ...
Adding a high amount of fiber is needed with fruits and vegetables. Foods such as celery, apples, and onions have showed to directly affect the h. Pylori bacteria to disappear. Calcium and B complex vitamins are essential for diet treatment, along with low fat foods to prevent infection (Cranston, 2013). A diet high in essential nutrients is important in obtaining daily, so supplements are likely to be taken. There are specific food that can make symptoms worse, which are alcohol, processed/refined foods, high salt and sugar intake, too much caffeine, and very spicy foods (Cranston, 2013). Following these dietary restrictions and a sanitary public hygiene will help to strongly decrease risk to Helicobacter pylori infection and further
Once the woman is well enough to go home, teach her to avoid anything that can trigger her nausea and vomiting such as smells of a perfume. Also, teach her to eat and drink whenever she is able to (Burd, 2015). It’s recommended that she eats bland foods, dry foods like crackers, or even small, frequent meals to control her nausea and vomiting, instead of starting on regular foods right away (Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2012).
You can also get salmonella poisoning from meat. People think that the problems come from eating red meat and are opting for fish over steak, but new evidence proves that fish can cause health problems too, risks that can’t be cooked away. This is a growing problem called histamine poisoning (Peck). Children are learning at a younger age that they don’t like meat, maybe because they don’t like the taste, or maybe it’s because they have a fear of eating their favorite cartoon or movie hero. For example, the pig from the movie “babe”.
First-time infection. Symptoms often improve significantly within a day or so of antibiotic treatment. However, you’ll likely need to take antibiotics for three days to a week, depending on the severity of the infections.
What is Foodborne Illness? According to a medical dictionary, foodborne illness is an acute gastrointestinal infection caused by consuming food contaminated with pathogenic, bacteria, toxins, viruses, prions or parasites. Such contamination was caused by improper food handling, preparation or storage of food. Contacts between food and pests, especially flies, cockroaches and rodents are a further cause of contamination of food. Foodborne illness can also be caused by adding pesticides or medicine to food or consuming or by accidentally consuming naturally poisonous substances. That is why foodborne illness can also be called food poisoning.
The most effective way to combat pathogenic bacteria which invade the body is the use of antibiotics. Overexposure to antibiotics can easily lead to resistant strains of bacteria. Resistance is dangerous because bacteria can easily spread from person to person. Simple methods for preventing excessive bacterial spread are often overlooked. Not all preventative measures are even adequate. Doctors and patients often use antibiotics unnecessarily or incorrectly, leading to greater resistance. Antibiotics are used heavily in livestock and this excessive antibiotic use can create resistant bacteria and transfer them to humans. In order to reduce resistant bacteria,
Salmonella is also a bacterium that is widespread in the intestines of birds, reptiles, and mammals. It can spread to the human species a variety of different ways; through foods or animal origins. Some examples of food involved in outbreaks are eggs, poultry and other meats, raw milk and chocolate. The illnesses it causes are typically fever, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. In people with poor underlying health or weakened immune...