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Impact of malaria in african nations
An essay on incessant malaria outbreak
Essay on health care in ethiopia
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Ethiopia's Medical Dilemma
Living in an industrialized country like America, and especially in a community such as Bryn Mawr, we are well fed and given excellent healthcare. Despite student complaints that they cannot go to the health center for a cough drop without being asked if they could be pregnant, most students are aware that they are very lucky and appreciate that there are parts of the world that are ravaged by diseases such as Malaria, which kills three children every minute. We donate money, we participate in clothing drives, but it is there that our involvement often ends, and we rarely see how effectively organizations such as Doctors without Border or Unicef ameliorate epidemics and other crisis developing countries. If one judges by the recent outbreak of malaria in Ethiopia; these human rights organizations are not living out the 'I Dream of Africa'-esque humanitarian fantasy that the donors may have imagined.
Unicef, in conjunction with the Ethiopian government has been using what some claim are outdated drugs to fight the disease, which The World Health Organization predicts will infect 15 million of Ethiopia's 65 million population ( three times the normal infection rate) (1) . However, international doctors groups' such as Doctors Without Borders argue that the outdated drugs will be ineffective and may even make the epidemic more severe. There are new drugs that both W.H.O. and Doctors without Borders favor, but they are expensive and it is felt that it might worsen the situation to switch tactics now. And so the problem presents itself: expensive, effective new drugs, or cheaper, older drugs that may not work(1). One can understand the position of the Ethiopian Government so far as that they would like to choose the less expensive option. However, if the treatment they buy is not effective and if the second line of treatment is not possible for many of the citizens, then it is not only in the Ethiopian government's best interest, but also their responsibility to seek out and use a drug that will in fact help their citizens.
In a country with an average life span on 44 years and a death rate of 17.2 percent for children under five, the health care in Ethiopia is already poor and this malaria epidemic is the worst that the country has seen since 1998 (3). Malaria is spread largely by Anopheles mosquitoes and attacks the liver and red blood cells, though it can also attack other organs, depending on the case (4).
Ryan CA, Gosselin GJ, DeMaso DR. Habit and tic disorders. In: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St.
Do you know what Tourette's Syndrome is? Many people think Tourette’s is when a person swears frequently and uncontrollably. That is called coprolalia, which can be a symptom of Tourette’s but often isn't the most common one. Tourette’s is much more than swearing. The media has shed a light on Tourette's, but maybe not the correct light. While Tourette’s is displayed as playful or inappropriate, it’s far from a laughing matter.
In many ways, female slaves’ experiences in the plantation south were drastically different than that of their male counterparts. In my opinion, the worst aspects of slavery for women included: multiple forms of abuse, abroad and arranged marriages and the pressures of childbearing and the complications that often accompanied motherhood.
For decades after Tourette’s discovery, Tourette Syndrome was believed to b4e a psychological disorder. With the twentieth century and the age of Freud’s psychoanalysis, new ideas and theories about Tourette Syndrome came a dime a dozen. Hysteria, schizophrenia, mental instability, sexual dysfunction, narcissistic disorder, and poor family dynamics were just a few of the speculated causes of that era. (Shimberg, 1995, p.66) It wasn’t until the mid 1960’s that researchers work helped our present understanding of Tourette came to be. It was finally acknowledged that the disorder was biologically base...
AIDS is slowly becoming the number one killer across the globe. Throughout numerous small countries, AIDS has destroyed lives, taken away mothers, and has left hopeless children as orphans. The problem remains that funding for the diseases’ medical research is limited to none. In the country Brazil, HIV/AIDS has been compared to the bubonic plague, one of the oldest yet, most deadly diseases to spread rapidly across Europe (Fiedler 524). Due to this issue, Brazil’s government has promised that everyone who has been diagnosed with either HIV or AIDS will receive free treatment; however, this treatment does not include help in purchasing HIV medications, that “carry astronomical price tags” (Fiedler 525). Generic drug companies have been able to produce effective HIV medications that are not as costly if compared to the prices given by the huge pharmaceutical companies. In contrast, the U.S. government has now intervened with these generic companies hindering them from making HIV medications, which may not be as efficient if made by the pharmaceutical companies. Not only are these drug companies losing thousands of dollars against generic drug companies, but also tremendous profit that is demanded for marketing these expensive drugs as well. “How many people must die without treatment until the companies are willing to lower their prices, or to surrender their patients so generic makers can enter market? (Fiedler 525).” With this question in mind, what ways can we eliminate the HIV/AIDS epidemic across the world? With research, education, testing, and funding we can prevent the spread of HIV to others and hopefully find a cure.
Being impacted by discrimination as a female is hard. According to Alonzo, Harriet Ann Jacobs proclaims in her writing that being a female slave was much worse that men slaves because they were violated and disregarded in much more ways (Alonzo 118-122).In “Harriet Jacobs's Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Jacobs attempt to persuade white audiences of the sinfulness of slavery through eyewitness testimony about its horror” (McClish 42). Harriet Ann Jacobs shows the experiences as a female slave and the corruption of the society and the power of the white people (McClish 27-55).
The lives of female slaves were a little more trying than that of a male slave. This is partly due to the sexual harassment, which slave women must endure. Sexual relationships between masters and female slaves were very common on the plantation during the eighteenth century. These forced sexual relationships often began with cruel beatings before the slave would submit to savage rapes. Out of fear of pain or death, female slaves had no other alternative but to obey their masters. According to Lyerly, “As many historians of slavery have noted, slave women lived not only with slavery’s routine restraints upon their will; they also had to fight for control over their bodies. Victims of sexual abuse by whites, slave women were often subject to the will of others in the most intimate ways” (209).
“The only real nation is humanity” (Farmer 123). This quote represents a huge message that is received in, Tracy Kidder’s, Mountains Beyond Mountains. This book argues that universal healthcare is a right and not a privilege. Kidder’s book also shows the audience that every individual, no matter what the circumstances, is entitled to receive quality health care. In the book Kidder represents, Paul Farmer, a man who spends his entire life determined to improve the health care of impoverished areas around the world, namely Haiti, one of the poorest nations in the world. By doing this the audience learns of the horrible circumstances, and the lack of quality health care that nations like Haiti live with everyday, why every person has the right to healthcare no matter what, and how cost effectiveness should not determine whether or not these people get to live or die. Two texts that also argue this idea are Monte Leach’s “Ensuring Health Care as a Global Human Right,” and Darshak Sanghavi’s “Is it Cost Effective to Treat the World’s Poor.” Leach’s article is an interview with Benjamin Crème that illustrates why food, shelter, education, and healthcare are human rights that have to be available to everyone. He shares many of the same views on health care as Farmer, and the two also share similar solutions to this ongoing problem. Leach also talks about the rapidly growing aids epidemic, and how it must be stopped. Like farmer, he also argues that it is easier to prevent these diseases then to cure them. Furthermore, Sanghavi’s article represents many of the questions that people would ask about cost effectiveness. Yet similar to Farmer’s views, Sanghavi argues that letting the poor d...
This day in age, everything is always compared whether it is social status, racial problems, etc. A popular topic tends to be gender equality and different things both male and females endure, such as the fact that it is a lot easier for men to get a high paying job compared to women. Along the same lines, their suffering is also compared. In Harriet Jacobs, “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl,” Jacob’s shares her experiences as a slave including the most traumatizing moments she went through. Although there is no doubt that every slave suffered greatly, women suffered the most during this time period; women went through sexual exploitation, psychological damage, and shame.
In “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl” Jacobs lent her distinct voice to emphasize the differences in race, class and gender. Historian Deborah Gray White explains the societal implications of the patriarchal system in place in her book entitled Ain’t I a Woman? Female Slaves in the Plantation South.
Female slaves have greatly been underrepresented in American history, while many historians have written of studies on slavery majority of them focus on the experiences of men. In Deborah Gray White’s book Ar’nt I A Woman? Female Slaves in the Plantation South, White wishes to focus a spotlight on the lives and culture of enslaved African- American women and to dismiss the stereotypes and criticisms thrust upon them. According to White, “black slave women shared a double oppression of sex and color” (23).
Jacobs’ and Truth’s illustrate in their writings how unfathomably harsh American slavery was for both male and female slaves. However, they place emphasis on the sexual abuse and ridicule specific only to females. Each author describes in detail the abuse and unfair treatment they experience while enslaved and these descriptions exist to make the reader better understand just how horrible conditions were back in the 1800s for Black women. An analysis of their writings proves that conditions for women were far worse
Over the course of human history, slavery has existed and perverted the morality and sensibility of people throughout the world. The horrific treatment of African American slaves in early America is one of the numerous examples of the corrupt nature of slavery. The maltreatment of enslaved black women reveals to the clear mind the horrendous truths of American slavery. Slave women, for merely the shade of their skin, were treated as nothing more than the stupidest and unfeeling of animals. Slave Masters took advantage of their female slaves in numerous ways, rarely handling them with extra consideration for the sake of their femininity. Slave masters manipulated and took advantage of their slave women in
During the eighteen and nineteenth-century, the notions of freedom were distinctively different than they are now. Slavery was a form of exploitation of a human being, whom through enslavement lost their humanity and freedom, and were subjected to dehumanizing conditions. African woman and men were often treated the same exact same way, especially when induced to labor, they would become a genderless individual in the sight of the master. Although a white woman was superior to the slaves, she had little power over the household, and other actions without the consent of their husbands. Enslaved woman’s notion to conceive freedom was different, yet similar to the way enslaved men and white woman conceived freedom. Black women during slavery
Preventing diseases is every countries’ responsibility, whether they are poor or rich. Poor countries lack the knowledge and the money to gain, and expand medical resources. Therefore, many people are not been able to be cured. For wealthy countries, diseases are mutating at incredible speeds. Patients are dying because drug companies do not have enough data to produce vaccines to cure patients. When developed countries help poor countries to cure their people, the developed countries could help underdeveloped countries. Since developed countries can provide greater medical resources to poor countries, people living in the poor countries could be cured. As for the developed countries, they can collect samples from the patients so that the drug companies can produce new vaccines for new diseases. When trying to cure diseases, developed countries and poor countries would have mu...