Have you ever dealt with severe pain and discomfort in your sinuses? Or have you ever had headaches or sore throats but categorized it as merely a migraine or cold? Many people may not know that these are symptoms for Sinusitis, a very common health issue that affects 37 million people a year (Balloon Sinuplasty). Sinusitis is “an inflammation of the mucous lining of the nasal passages and sinuses” (University Maryland Medical Center).). Although sinusitis originates from the nasal passages, there are numerous symptoms that can lead to sinusitis. Sinusitis can begin when one experiences difficulty breathing through the nose, throbbing headaches, and swelling of the area around the eyes and face. In addition, thick green or yellow discharge from the nose or back of the throat is a sign of sinusitis. It is imperative to see an ENT (Ear, Neck, and Throat) doctor if these symptoms occur, particularly after one experiences a cold or allergies. If a doctor is not seen immediately, one can develop serious and long term issues such as swelling around the eyes, skin redness, severe facial pain, sensitivity to light, neck stiffness, feelings of weakness and apathy, and high fever (Pubmed Health). Many people may not realize the severity of sinusitis. There are four types of sinusitis: acute, subacute, chronic, and recurrent. Acute sinusitis lasts up to 4 weeks, subacute sinusitis lasts from 4 to 12 weeks, chronic sinusitis lasts more than 12 weeks but can linger for months and years, and recurrent occurs several times within a year (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases). Although there are home treatments and surgical procedures for Sinusitis, Balloon Sinuplasty is the newest and invasive surgical option that proves to be ...
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...sive procedure, Balloon Sinuplasty, as it may be a better fit for them over the traditional Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. (Balloon Sinuplasty)
Sinusitis can occur in anyone’s lifetime due to a long list of causes. From viral infections to structural abnormalities, sinusitis can bring great pain and suffering to anyone. Everyone should educate themselves on the symptoms and causes for not only sinusitis but all diseases. It is easy to pass on a throbbing headache as a migraine and pay no heed to it. Although, everyone should visit their doctor regularly in order to find any illnesses or diseases, patients should always educate themselves initially. It is important to know one’s options when diagnosed with severe chronic or recurrent sinusitis. Balloon Sinuplasty proves to be an invasive and effective procedure for sinusitis that all patients should consider.
Ransley reports frequent nasal congestion that has been more problematic in the last couple of weeks and I note you have commenced him on some oral antibiotics and prednisolone which seems to be helping.
R.S. has chronic bronchitis. According to the UC San Francisco Medical Center “Chronic bronchitis is a common type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in which the air passages in the lungs — the bronchi — are repeatedly inflamed, leading to scarring of the bronchi walls. As a result, excessive amounts of sticky mucus are produced and fill the bronchial tubes, which become thickened, impeding normal airflow through the lungs.” (Chronic Bronchitis 2015) There are many things that can be observed as clinical findings. R.S. will have a chronic cough that has lasted from 3 months to two years or more, and a lot of sputum. The sputum is due to
Today I will be explaining the importance and details of tracheobronchitis also referred to as bronchitis. Tracheobronchitis as the name gives off is an inflammation of the trachea and bronchitis. The trachea and bronchi’s main role is to extend air into the lungs, so that they are able to reach the alveoli which are responsible for gas exchange in the lungs. Tracheobronchitis is often times not contagious depending upon the cause of inflammation, inflammation can result from an allergic reaction, bacterial infection or virus. Some important clinical manifestations that you may see include wheezing which are a result of inflamed airways,fever, dry or phlegm cough, night sweats, headache and sore throat. Tracheobronchitis does not always have to be severe it can also be acute and last only a few weeks.
Urinary Tract Infection, also known as UTI, occurs in two common locations, the bladder and kidneys. The kidneys are important organs that aid in filtering out waste products from blood and maintaining water distribution throughout the body. The waste products are filtered out via bladder, which is the reason of the bladder being the second site for the infection. A normal human being has two kidneys, one on left and right side, a bean shaped organ, and is located at the back of the abdomen. “Each kidney is about 11.5 cm long, 5-7.5 cm broad, 5 cm thick, and weight about 150 grams” (HealthInfoNet, Paragraph 2). Furthermore, a bacterium named Escherichia coli lives in both the kidneys and the GI tract. E. coli is part of the human body and produces
Tuberculosis or TB is an airborn infection caused by inhaled droplets that contain mycobacterium tuberculosis. When infected, the body will initiate a cell-mediated hypersensitivity response which leads to formation of lesion or cavity and positive reaction to tuberculin skin test (Kaufman, 2011). People who have been infected with mycobacteria will have a positive skin test, but only ones who have active TB will show signs and symtoms. Basic signs and symptoms include low grade fever, cough with hemoptysis, and tachypnea. They may also show pleuristic chest pain, dyspnea, progressive weight loss, fatigue and malaise (Porth, 2011).
Kaiser, L. R., A. C. O. Surgeons, and W. H. Pearce. Acs surgery, principles & practice. 6th. Webmd Prof Pub, 2007. eBook.
One of the common diseases in the respiratory system that many people around the world face is emphysema or also known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is a chronic lung condition where the alveoli or air sacs may be damaged or enlarged resulting in short of breath (Mayo Clinic, 2011). If emphysema is left untreated, it will worsen causing the sphere shaped air sacs to come together making holes and reduce the surface area of the lungs and the amount of oxygen that travels through the bloodstream, blocking the airways of the lungs (Karriem- Norwood, 2012). The most common ways a patient can get emphysema are by cigarette smoking or being exposed to chemicals, dust or air pollutants for a long period of time. Common physical exams reveal a temperature of 100.8 Fahrenheit, 104 beats per minute, a blood pressure of 146/92, and a respiratory rate of 36 breaths per min (Karriem- Norwood, 2012). (see appendix A.1,A.2, A.3, A.4 for complete proof.)
Liam is a previously healthy boy who has experienced rhinorrhoea, intermittent cough, and poor feeding for the past four days. His positive result of nasopharyngeal aspirate for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) indicates that Liam has acute bronchiolitis which is a viral infection (Glasper & Richardson, 2010). “Bronchiolitis is the commonest reason for admission to hospital in the first 6 months of life. It describes a clinical syndrome of cough tachypnoea, feeding difficulties and inspiratory crackles on chest auscultation” (Fitzgerald, 2011, p.160). Bronchiolitis can cause respiratory distress and desaturation (91% in the room air) to Liam due to airway blockage; therefore the infant appears to have nasal flaring, intercostal and subcostal retractions, and tachypnoea (54 breathes/min) during breathing (Glasper & Richardson, 2010). Tachycardia (152 beats/min) could occur due to hypoxemia and compensatory mechanism for low blood pressure (74/46mmHg) (Fitzgerald, 2011; Glasper & Richardson, 2010). Moreover, Liam has fever and conjunctiva injection which could be a result of infection, as evidenced by high temperature (38.6°C) and bilateral tympanic membra...
Meningitis is defined as inflammation of the meninges, which are the thin membranous covering of the brain and spinal cord. There are different variations of the disease which include bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic, and non-infectious.
Throughout history there have been very dangerous diseases that have been able to single handedly wipe out entire civilizations because there was nothing that we could do about it. Most of the time was because we did not quite understand what was actually happening. But thanks to all of the scientific advancements humans are able to live many more times than previous years. But that doesn’t meant that every human is healthy enough. This means that although we are less prone to die from some infectious diseases, we now have other risk for example not keeping up with a healthy diet is one of the many reasons why there are so many premature deaths. Now if you don’t get treated right away it can get worst the longer you get and sometimes it can also be fatal. One of those is Meningitis which is something very serious that if it doesn’t get treated it can lead to very serious complications in the long run or even death depending on the case. The reason why I chose this one was because when I was in high school I suffered from some...
Tuberculosis is an air-borne disease, hence, it can be passed from an infected person to a healthy individual through coughing, sneezing and other salivary secretions. Tuberculosis is caused by the transfer of Mycobacteriun Tuberculosis (M. Tuberculosis) also known as Tubercle Bacillus, a small particle of 1-5 microns in diameter, due to the small size, when an infected person sneezes or coughs, about 3,000 particles are expelled. M. Tuberculosis responsible for tuberculosis is able to stay in the air for a long period of time (about 6hoursAnother way of acquiring Tuberculosis is by drinking unpasteurized milk, milk straight from cow, although this is not a common mode of transmission, it can be found in rural areas. Ingestion of contaminated cow milk transmits Mycobacterium Bovis, the animal form which is still potent enough to cause tuberculosis in humans. ). Tuberculosis transmission is affected by exposure, socioeconomic status of person, proximity, immune status of uninfected individual (%&&%&? CDC).
Chronic bronchitis is a disorder that causes inflammation to the airway, mainly the bronchial tubules. It produces a chronic cough that lasts three consecutive months for more than two successive years (Vijayan,2013). Chronic Bronchitis is a member of the COPD family and is prominently seen in cigarette smokers. Other factors such as air pollutants, Asbestos, and working in coal mines contributes to inflammation. Once the irritant comes in contact with the mucosa of the bronchi it alters the composition causing hyperplasia of the glands and producing excessive sputum (Viayan,2013). Goblet cells also enlarge to contribute to the excessive secretion of sputum. This effects the cilia that carry out the mechanism of trapping foreign bodies to allow it to be expelled in the sputum, which are now damaged by the irritant making it impossible for the person to clear their airway. Since the mechanism of airway clearance is ineffective, the secretion builds up a thickened wall of the bronchioles causing constriction and increasing the work of breathing. The excessive build up of mucous could set up pneumonia. The alveoli are also damaged enabling the macrophages to eliminate bacteria putting the patient at risk for acquiring an infection.
Cystitis is the medical term for inflammation of the urinary bladder. Most of the time, the inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection, and it’s called a urinary tract infection. A bladder infection can be painful and annoying, and it can become a serious health problem if the infection spreads to your kidney.
Last accessed 19th March 2014. Riehl, S. (2009). The 'Secondary'. Lymphatic Drainage Technique -. Available at: https://www.realbodywork.com/articles/lymph_technieque.html.
...rease the likelihood of an asthma attack, which is sometimes brought about by stress. Additionally acupuncture has been used to try and minimize the symptoms of asthma patients, but little research has been done in support of this method ("Alternative Therapy for Asthma"). There are not any surgeries that are associated with the treatment of asthma, but there is a new treatment called bronchial thermoplasty, where the smooth muscle that is in the airways of the lungs is treated with a small heated probe (Little). This helps to dilate the airways and decreases the symptoms associated with asthma. This treatment is still in its early stages of research and will need to be tested more in depth before it becomes a common procedure (Little). All of these treatment methods, including traditional and nontraditional, can be used in order to help people control their asthma.