Sewage discharge is a major component of water pollution, contributing to oxygen demand and nutrient loading of the water bodies, promoting toxic algal blooms and leading to a destabilized aquatic ecosystem. This problem is compounded in areas where wastewater treatment systems are simple and not efficient. The establishments of oxidation ponds are popular for sewage treatment methods for small communities because of their low construction and operating costs. In this study, oxidation pond having the capacity of treating standard A sewage influent have been analyzed to better understand the efficiency of the sewage oxidation pond. The effluent standard has already been implemented by INDAH WATER KONSORTIUM. The aim of the standard is to make sure that the effluent being discharged matches the requirement of the respective condition of the set by INDAH WATER KONSORTIUM.
Oxidation ponds are built as an aerobic and anaerobic pond system in which the sewage treatment occurs naturally without addition of chemicals. They usually comprise of shallow ponds in series which are used for simple secondary treatment of sewage effluents. Within an oxidation pond heterotrophic bacteria degrade organic matter in the sewage which results in production of cellular material and minerals. The production of these supports the growth of algae in the oxidation pond. Growth of algal populations allows further decomposition of the organic matter by producing oxygen. The production of this oxygen replenishes the oxygen used by the heterotrophic bacteria which breaks into mainly nutrient and carbon dioxide.
Oxidation ponds usually enables the process of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), it is the process where the amount of oxygen required by bacteria...
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...ate odors leaving minor swamp smell behind. After the process of mechanical aeration, the effluent becomes stable and enables consistent BOD values. With the help of authorities septic tanks were made a must to protect private property from being damage. Laboratory results demonstrated that there is a high degree of purification after implementation of oxidation ponds.
1.2 Scope of the study
In this study, an attempt was made to assess the levels of some water quality parameters such as pH, Biological Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Turbidity, Total Solids and hardness in the sewage treatment oxidation pond of Taman Megah, Cheras. The experimental analysis for both influents, in the lagoon as well as effluent was assessed and compared with the effluent standard set by INDAH WATER KONSORTIUM to evaluate the Performance of the Sewage Oxidation Pond.
In this paper I will argue that, whether or not we have a moral duty to rescue in the “shallow pond” case, we have a moral duty to donate our money, when it is of no morally significant cost to us to do so, to save the lives of faraway strangers in need. I will explain all these cases in brief in the coming paragraphs and discuss what my opinion is.
Jellyfish Lake is a marine lake. It is connected to the ocean by underwater tunnels. It was formed 12,000 years ago when the ocean water went down and left water trapped inside on an island along with animals that inhabit this lake now. There are two layers of this lake, an oxygenated top layer (mixolimnion) and a bottom anoxic layer (monimolimnion). These layers never mix because the lake is stratified. The top 3 meters of the anoxic layer is bacteria. One of the species of bacteria is purple photosynthetic sulfur bacterium. This layer of bacteria absorbs all the sunlight so that the anoxic layer is dark, but clear. There is depressions of limestone that surrounds the inside of the lake. The size of the lake is 460 m by 160m, surface area- 0.057 sq km and a depth of 50m. There is two species of jellyfish in this lake; Golden jellyfish and Moon jellyfish.
One including, turbidity. This is when the water appears cloudy or almost muddy due to a variety of particles suspended in the water. One main cause of this is types of fish that search the bottom for food by stirring up the soil. Turbid water makes for not a lot of vegetation in the water which makes it that much easier for particles to be brought to the top. Another thing to watch out for is algae blooms. Algae is at its prime in water that is rich in nutrients, which is exactly what a storm water pond is between all the runoff that comes from maintained lawns and areas where there is animal waste. However, when algae become too prominent it blocks sunlight from reaching the bottom of the pond which stunts the growth of any kind of plant life. Plant life is one of the beneficial parts of a pond ecosystem. Algae bloom can also effect oxygen levels in a storm water pond. While storm water ponds are not known for their wide variety of aquatic life, it only goes down when instances like these
In “Huh?” by Robert Perez-Ossers there is mention of societal standards and expectations and how they have affected the author throughout his life. While analyzing the passage I noticed it was directed primarily towards young adults who feel isolated, exhibited examples of problems in society, and the confidence the author displays while expressing his thoughts. There seemed to be a significant amount of emotion throughout the text and I recognized how passionate the author was to get his point across throughout the passage. The preceding ideas shape the way Perez composes his writing and how he expands his thoughts to concepts that are common in social situations.
The main problem that the lagoon is facing is pollution from runoff and freshwater inputs such as Taylor Creek or Lake Okeechobee. Some of this pollution is nutrient pollution, which promotes bacterial growth and needless to say, causes some problems. The other type of pollution, This essay with describe such affects and what you can do to stop the degrading ecosystem known as the Indian River Lagoon from falling into an irreversible pollution
This is representative of how eutrophication works in an aquatic environment. It shows that the greater the number of blue-green algae then the faster the oxygen depletion
Stephenson, R., & Blackburn, J. J. (1998). The Industrial Wastewater Systems Handbook. New York: Lewis Publishers.
The key stakeholders are Peter Vyas, the manager of filtration unit and Cynthia Jackson who is the vice president of water management division. Vyas was convinced that the survival of the unit depended upon innovative growth and thus he appointed a technology evaluation team with the responsibility of using technology to solve the problem of obtaining clean water in remote regions, by developing a small-scale oxidation system that enabled waste-water disinfection in small batches. His utmost concern is the technological aspect of developing the product. On the other hand, Cynthia’s perspective was shaped by the marketing angle of the product. She recommended the development of future proposals using a rigorous three phase process which links the markets analysis and technological development to busines...
I chose the subject of sanitation because it is something that everyone should be able to have available to them. Everyone everywhere should have access to fresh drinking water and appropriate means of adequate sewage disposal. By being able to have apposite sanitation procedures one is able to diminish many diseases and increase a healthier life. Billions of individuals lack the ability to be able to have a place to defecate, let alone a private place to, which leads to open defecation and then in return causes diseases like Cholera. A couple of weeks ago we watched a TEDTalk about sanitation issues, during the video, a picture was shown of a young man who was down in a deep hole covered in fecal matter. Not even a spot of personal protective
Yang, S.-S., Guo, W.-Q., Zhou, X.-J., Meng, Z.-H., Liu, B., Ren, N.-Q., 2011. Optimization of operating parameters for sludge process reduction under alternating aerobic/oxygen-limited conditions by response surface methodology. Bioresour. Technol. 102, 9843–9851.
Dissolved oxygen is needed by the fish to breathe which, in turn, allows plants to continue to filter water and produce energy. While these properties are important to both the natural environment and a controlled ecosystem, they are taken care of in very different ways. In the natural environment, if there is little human intervention, the aquatic ecosystem will...
The bacteria and wastewater is mixed in an aeration tank and therefore the contaminants are removed by action of sorption and series of breakdown by the bacteria.
Aquaculture within the agriculture is the fastest growing food production sectors in the world. Fishes are known as the “food gold” of the present as well as future.[1] They are also known to be the richest source of high quality protein. Marine and aquatic environment are home to a vast diversity of organisms ranging from prokaryotes to higher vertebrates. Unfortunately, these environments also act as a sink for a great variety of anthropogenic pollutants, many of which are toxic. Sources for polluting water include burning of fossil fuels, industrial waste water, sewage treatment plants, agriculture and non point source runoff, etc. It is important to have an understanding of the impact and effect of these chemicals on aquatic life forms. Aquaculture is based on ecosystems and accounts for substantial contribution to Indian economy and also provides livelihood to millions of people. Fishes are highly nutritious and consumed as a delicacy food throughout world. A variety of contaminants including to toxic heavy metals (cadmium, arsenic, mercury, lead) are ubiquitously found in rivers, reservoirs and are disadvantageous for aquatic life.[2]
There are many types of pollution. The main types of pollution are water, air, soil, thermal, radioactive, noise, and light. The topic for this experiment is Water Pollution. Water Pollution became a problem in the 1900’s when water started being treated like sewage. Earth Day was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson on April 22, 1970 because of 1900’s pollution. Water Pollution also affects humans and animals. There was a Cholera outbreak in 1854, before water pollution became a problem, and a Typhoid outbreak in New York from 1900 to 1915. There are multiple possible causes to Water Pollution. Humans let out chemicals into the environment, and when some of those chemicals
The Causes of Water Pollution Water pollution is very harmful to the environment and living things. Water pollution can come from many different sources. If the pollution comes from only one source, such as an oil spill, it is called point-source pollution. If it comes from many different sources, it is called nonpoint-source pollution. Most water pollution affects the immediate area surrounding the source, but there are some types of pollution, such as hazardous, that can affect areas miles away from the source.