Translation is an operation of translating language, sentences, or text from one language (Source Language) into any other language (Target language). In translating a text, there are many translation methods can be applied. They are free translation, semantic translation, idiomatic translation, and any other methods. Furthermore, every single method has different characteristics. Moreover, when students are going to interpret a text, they possess their own thinking to apply the methods of translation. One of the methods that occasionally applied in translating a text is the literal translation. Literal translation can be regarded as the basic skill in translation. Literal translation is designed to translate the original adequately, keeping the original message, form, structure and so on. Therefore, some students are inclined of using literal translation when they are starting to interpret a text.
In a textbook of translation, Peter Newmark (1988) has discussed more than twenty translation procedures. They were literal translation, naturalization, free translation, etc. On the other hand, Catford (1965, p. 21) asserted that to get the equivalent of the target language, translation divided based on extensive, level, and ranks. Extent divided into full and partial translation, level are total and restricted translation, whereas ranks are rank bound, word for word, and literal translation. Catford argued that literal translation begins with translating word by word, but the translator can change it to make the word or sentences appropriate to the target language. However, Larson (1984, p. 15) stated that the literal translation as linear translation whereby it is useful to learn the source language, but it does not help the receiver...
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...yze the factors that influence students’ tendency of using literal translation in translating a journal article. Additionally, this study may be advantageous for English teachers and interpreters to help their pupils to translate text. Besides, it may be beneficial for students who will conduct their research that related to this topic.
To add up, literal translation is not one of method that can be employed in translating a text. Moreover, the words should not be translated literally without paying attention the meaning and context. Consequently, based on the different assumptions by the expert on this method and it is applied in the beginning operation of translation that show problems that have to be solved. Therefore, the research that will be conducted entitled “An analysis of the students’ tendency of using literal translation in translating journal articles”.
The different translations of The Oedipus Cycle emphasize and suggest different aspects of the presented scene. There are multiple examples of this in the comparison of The Fitts and Fitzgerald’s Translation and the Luci Berkowitz and Theodore F. Brunner’s Translation. Such as the differences in format, sentence structure, and diction imply different characteristics. Also, similarities in the two translations reinforce the importance of the concepts.
Srinivasa Iyengar, you don’t. Iyengar says, “poetry, by nature, is untranslatable. [A] competent translator can, however, play the good broker between the poet and the reader... and give the intimations of the poet’s sovereign utterance.” But even this seems to suggest that at best, the translator is only a middleman, able to convey the subtleties of the poet’s original work, but not without noted differences. Famous poet Bysse Shelley calls translation of poetry “vain”, saying “it were as wise to cast a violet into a crucible that you might discover the formal principal of its color and odor, as seek to transfuse from one language to another the creations of a poet. The plant must spring again from its seed, or it will bear no
In "Lost in Translation," by Lera Boroditsky, the concept that the perception of the world is different for people who speak different languages is proved through various global experiments. The author uses the purpose and audience of the piece to strongly support her main concept. The audience intended for this piece is the Wall Street Journal. Furthermore, the audience is a vast array of people with higher education, and business career individuals. The purpose of the piece is the realization of a profound connection between language and the perception of the world and way of thinking of the foreign language speaking people. Additionally, this piece challenges the world to rethink the way language is taught and received. Boroditsky uses
Some English words do not have corresponding words in most foreign languages so there are issues with exact translation. It may take more words to present the same message in a different language.
The teacher will evaluate the students’ comprehension of the lesson through the participation of the students in the class discussion, the quality of student responses to the paired translation exercise, and from the homework of the remaining passages to translate which were not discussed in class.
An ongoing battle of culture, freedom, and language occurs in America today. The battle is commonly called Bilingualism. The dictionary definition: being able to speak multiple languages. Though, when you dig deeper, you discover the hunger of differing tongues. Many people believe bilingualism should have a certain role in the public and education. One of these figures is Martin Espada who believe that bilingualism is also respecting one's culture. He believes that there should be more effort put into understanding different cultures and languages. An opposing figure to this is poet and author, Richard Rodriguez, who believes bilingualism should not be emphasized in the public and education system. Rather being able to speak one language and communicating is superior.
In conclusion we can agree that the use of both foreignization and domestication should be used when translating a text and/or movie. We can see that the successful use of mashing both techniques can lead to an accurate translation.
This research was prepared by Rashid Ahli for the English Language subject, taught by Mr.Abass Abdulsamad.
Translation, oral or written, is probably as ancient person spoken or written word. Translation as defined the communication of the meaning of a source language text by the meaning of an equivalent target language text. In addition described the translation as an expression of a sense from one language to another language. However it is a multiple stages creative and process. Translation offers us the experience and attitudes of another culture or from traditional language to modern language. Such as a Traditional Chinese translation. While looking at traditional Chinese translation, social science; cultural and ethical values, that traditional Chinese translation is not necessarily
languages. Thus I feel that the translated works cannot provide the same affect on the reader
In this essay we are going to study the translation equivalents and the gaps raised from the non-equivalence at word level; then we will analyze some useful strategies for the translation process.
This view of translation and translation studies was dominant until the emergence of the so-called “cultural turn” in the 1980s. With the shift
The field of Computational Linguistics is relatively new; however, it contains several sub-areas reflecting practical applications in the field. Machine (or Automatic) Translation (MT) is one of the main components of Computational Linguistics (CL). It can be considered as an independent subject because people who work in this domain are not necessarily experts in the other domains of CL. However, what connects them is the fact that all of these subjects use computers as a tool to deal with human language. Therefore, some people call it Natural Language Processing (NLP). This paper tries to highlight MT as an essential sub-area of CL. The types and approaches of MT will be considered, and limitations discussed.
There has been a heated discussion in the field of Translation Studies with respect to where the emphasis should be put. Should it be on the source text and the sender, on the target text and the receiver or the process itself? This boils down to how one defines translation. This essay offers a critical view on the Skopos theory, which focuses on the translation process. A discussion is included to illustrate the importance of translation brief in both pedagogical and professional settings. Other related theories are presented as well. Finally, the essay concludes with a few remarks and suggestions.
If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his own language that goes to his heart.” ‒ Nelson Mandela. Since the 1960’s learning a second language has decreased by 30 percent in today’s society. People who wish to learn an additional language often do so to communicate with people who reside in different countries. With an increase in today’s globalization, it is forcing companies throughout the world to break the language barrier. However, with the advancement of technology, numerous citizens find it unnecessary to learn another language, as a translation is at the tip of their fingers. The methods of learning a foreign language can differentiate between people. Nevertheless it has been