The Singapore and Malaysia high-speed rail line is also known as the Penang - Singapore High Speed Rail. It was approved by the Malaysian Prime Minister Najib on September 2010. The rail line aims to connect Penang, Kuala Lumpur Johor Bahru and Singapore together. The entire distance will be about 400km in total and it will take roughly 90 minutes to travel from one end to the other. The total cost of the construction is about 40 billion Malaysian Ringgit, equating to roughly 7.3 billion pounds.
For this question, I have assumed that evaluation in this context refer to an economic perspective. In order to evaluate, a cost-benefit analysis can be utilised. The cost and benefits that the high-speed rail might bring must be analyzed. Only when the benefits exceed the cost of the high-speed rail may the project be efficient enough to implement. In this scenario, the cost will include, infrastructure costs, operating costs, external costs and other costs.
Infrastructure cost is the most obvious cost, as constructing a rail line to such scale require enormous resources. Immediately we ...
This essay will encounter The Long Island Rail Road first years making. The rail road was developed because the rail roads planners wanted to expand a way to get to Boston. In order for this view to happen, the service needed to make rail-road through Long Island, so they made the LIRR with the help of legislature supplying the money with 1,500,000$. This caused for New York or Brooklyn to be linked to Boston. Even though the money was good start for making the rail road, it was still very difficult to make so they to find ways to make it more efficient.
Railroads made a huge contribution to the growth of the United States, they led to many advances throughout American History. There were numerous matters the railroads effected in American development and the framework of the country. The railroad had positive and negative effects on America as a whole through the growth of the industry, such as; encouraged western expansion, enhanced the economy, recognized railroad monopolies, assisted the Union in Civil War, helped keep the country together, and created a high expense cost for the nation.
The strategy behind the high-speed railway system would be to relieve highway congestion, air traffic congestion, and help reduce the necessity of expansion of highways and air systems (which is limited due to the inability to build new air space). Also, with this type of system (this system works on magnetic levitation), you would have a significant reduction in air pollution that would result as high-speed captures a large portion of the intercity travel market from automobiles and airlines.
The railroad industry is a mature market. The best option for growth is through mergers and acquisitions. By merging with Conrail, CSX would claim almost 70% of the Eastern market. By combining the rail networks CSX-Conrail would be able to offer long-haul routes between the Southern, Northeast, and Midwest ports. The combined entity would be able to consolidate overlapping operations which would reduce costs by an estimated $370 million by 2000. The cost savings would also be passed onto customers using the shorter routes between the Midwest and the South. By offering more competitive pricing an additional $180 million in operating income is expected through revenue increases. Part of this additional revenue is expected to be taken from Norfolk Southern.
The completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) was a major event in Canadian History. Although it connected the east and west coast of early Canada, it was also a very dangerous and arduous project for its workers. Chinese immigrants were discriminated and were given the hardest jobs during the construction of the railway. The manner in which they were treated was unacceptable and inhumane. Therefore, comparing the regulations used during the creation of the CPR to Canada’s present safety standards will conclude if Canada has substantially improved its work safety since the railway's completion.
If adding the budget for transportation cost is ignored, and even if the Merseyside project can add total throughput, the transportation division still cannot transfer the spared throughput due to the throughput is over the ability of the original transferring utility. Therefore, there will be a charge of ₤2millions which will be added to the project.
Once revolution takes place, the tail members that were previously caged in the last car are abruptly released into the rest of Snowpiercer. As the revolution makes its way through successive compartments of the train, the train itself begins to reflect a live-action flowchart of the class system in a hierarchal society. The middle cars of the train are treated with extensive time in this section of the film, reflecting the actual density of the middle class in the social hierarchy. Bong Joon-ho’s concentration on the middle to upper class allows him to convey his message to what he sees as the bulk of a stratified class system. Again, Joon-ho plays with similar areas of film technique: setting, props, and color, to reveal the truth behind
In the domestic level, CSX in terms of the capacities for train traffic is to a certain restricted as per the Environmental Code that is set by the Transportation Rail Ministry where the companies are supposed to reduce their shipments due to ecology and environmental concerns (Patty, 2015). The legal regulations mandate CSX Corporation to accommodate both the shortened stocks and short line railroads that might lead to reduced productivity and the efficiencies of domestic and intermodal operations of the freight. The political intentions of systemizing the rail routes so that they can be able to gain additional taxes depict CSX corporations cost managements with regards to the expenditures on the obligatory equipment.
Istanbul, world’s 4th most crowded city, has enormous traffic issues with an excessive amount of passengers travelling between the Asia and the Europe sides of the city every day (“Istanbul”). Before the project; citizens were disgruntled by the crowd in the two bridges between Asia and Europe, the time lost in the traffic and the troubled trip between sides. The government then planned an enormous project in detail and the idea of undersea rail travel in Istanbul became real in 2013 with the Marmaray Project (“Marmaray"). The innovative solution of the government aimed to create a new easy way to cross sides without ruining the fascinating view of the strait. Some citizens are now delighted with the project while others are worried about the rail line’s safety, but the designers and engineers assert that the latest technology is used to make the Marmaray line a safe and trustable rail line (F. Toprak). Like every project, this project also has some problems but the overall benefits of the rail line is so much more than its problems. Even though undersea travel looks dangerous; the Marmaray Project actually provides a fast, safe and comfortable trip while crossing sides.
If you use speed regularly or amphetamines heavily or you may develop some or all of the following problems.
We can partially agree to what Kerzner has to say about quantifying cost and benefits. However, it is indeed; very much a practical approach studied by Kerzner who states cost a phenomenon difficult to quantify. But it would be gross understatement to suggest that it is rather more difficult than quantifying benefits. As in the above answer, two different examples are quoted to back Kerzner’s claim. The example of the cost of airport and train will justify my stance on the subject. It is difficult to quantify the cost of building up an airport even after conducting cost-benefit analysis as the operating and periodic costs vary but can we measure the number of citizens who will be benefitted from airport compared to train. I totally agree with your take on the subject but we can partially agree with Kerzner as he backs his opinions with practical justifications.
Railroads can be referred to as the first big business, and the first industry to develop management bureaucracy (Ogburn 39). Railroads were a vital part of early American history during the 1800s-1860. The development of Railroads was one of the most important phenomena of the Industrial Revolution. Railroads brought social, economic, and political change to the country (Stover 26). In the United States a turnpike era and then a canal era had immediately preceded the coming of the railroads, which proved to be fast, direct, and reliable in all weather. After 1830 the railroads grew so quickly that within a decade their mileage surpassed that of the canals (Hollingsworth 28).
The eight billion initial investments in the high-speed rail are expected to produce about 320,000 jobs and roughly thirteen billion dollars in economic benefit. These include construction and operation jobs, as well as manufacturing and supply chain options. By increasing mobility while decreasing crowding and spreading, high-speed rail makes our country more competitive while simultaneously creating economic development. The High Speed Rail could boost the economy and could provide alternate transportation, therefore it should be built.
High Speed 2 (HS2) is a proposed high speed train between London and the west Midlands. The project was established in January 2009 by a company set up by the government to consider the construction of a high speed railway in UK. This train will be able to travel up to 400 kph by year 2020. High speed trains have been successfully introduced in countries like Germany, France and Spain (hs2, 2011). The construction of the high-speed railway would reduce journey times from London to Birmingham to 49 minutes and from London to Manchester and Leeds to 80 minutes. According to the Government, Britain’s railways are struggling to cope with the huge increase number of passengers that British railways have experienced for the last years (dft, 2011). High-speed railways need straight lines in order to maintain their speed. According to the Government, there are not viable routes for the high-speed railway between London and the West Midlands that do not cross, at some point, the Chilterns. However they assert that the train will make full use of tunnels through the Chilterns in order to minimize impacts (dft, 2011). Nevertheless, as we will see in the next section, the full use of tunnels does not mean that it would not have environmental impacts in the Chilterns.
I will highlight the key distinguishing features of the paper and outline its contributions to the field of evaluation in the design and scope section. The key methodologies will be discussed with attempts to draw comparison with contemporary practices. I will conclude by outlining some of the policy implications derived from the findings of the paper.