DESIGNING RESORT FOR ECOTOURISM IN MALAYSIA’S NATIONAL PARK
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview of the study
The primary challenges facing ecotourism management is to achieve a well-balanced progress to proceed towards a profitable and ecologically sustainable industry. For many countries and regions, tourism is seen as one of the major opportunities readily available to for local development, employment and revenue generation. In 2013, Malaysia registered 25.72 million tourist arrivals, which placed Malaysia as the 9th most visited country in the world (ITO,2014). An intense tourism, particularly the ones that happen near fragile forest ecology environment needs to be regulated and the process of balancing between built environment and biodiversity must be studied.
The study strives to identify the means of an eco-tourism resort and the strategies adapted to counter the sensitivity of the forest biodiversity environment.
To undertake the hypothesis, case studies and literature review referring to the process of negotiating between stakeholders in constructing an eco-resort in national park are highlighted to be the basis of the arguments and discussions.
There will be a case-study site for the purpose of measuring the eco-sensitiveness the resorts have, and will be carried out at Mutiara Taman Negara Resort in Jerantut, Pahang.
The literature review in chapter 2 will have a swift look into the Malaysian attitudes towards conserving rainforest biodiversity and the current situation of the fragile lowland Malaysian forests and the policies established to conserve the stature of the rainforests existence. It also provides a background of Malaysia’s eco-tourism industry.
Chapter 3 will elaborate….
Through the reviews, th...
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...ment, largely focussing on energy–efficient strategies as well as resource-conservation.
4. Malaysian Rainforest; The term refers to the biodiversity that exists in Malaysia, stretching over 18.40 million ha of area, and from this under the National Forestry Policy 1978 states, and the National Forestry Act 1984 , 12.73 million ha of forest is designated as the Permanent Forest Estate.
5. National Park/Taman Negara Pahang; The term refers to an area with a total size of 4343km2 which was gazetted by the Wild Life Commission of Malaya in the early 1930’s and was named as King George V National Park under King George V National Park (Pahang) Enactment of 1939. (Aiken, 1994; Daim,Mohamad, Abdullah, & Perumal, 2008) and this was later known as Taman Negara.
Further elaboration of the terms and objectives on the following chapters of this academic writing paper.
Since its creation in 1916, the National Park Service (NPS) has had to balance between its two goals, which are to preserve wilderness and nature and to provide the public with access to these wonders in a monitored environment. These two goals tend to create a conflict for the NPS because as soon as one goal is given more priority than the other, the administration of national parks is harshly criticized by the public. The accusation that by allowing people to experience the wilderness, the NPS is corrupting the natural environment is very common, as well, as the criticism towards the lack of government funding to preserve nature and history. However, regardless of arguable criticism and a certain need for improvement, after one hundred years,
Tropical rainforests are an extremely unique and diverse ecosystem that are located around the earth’s equator. They once covered roughly 7% of the world, but due to human encroachment that has dwindled to just 2%. It is a highly moisture rich environment that typically receives anywhere between 60 and 400 inches of rainfall annually and average humidity ranges from 70 to 90%.
Neth, B., 2008. Ecotourism as a Tool for Sustainable Rural Community Development and Natural Resources Management in the Tonle Sap Biosphere Researve. Kassel: Kassel University Press GmbH,
Development The development plan of new nature is based on the iconic experiences of Sunshine coast which provide the competitive advantage as well as use the future investment to develop the advantage (Hoffman, 2016). Sunshine Coast tourism area need to align to, as well as contribute to, the community’s aspiration and that of the firm which represent their interests. Sunshine Coast tourism area arranges niche marketing and the product development strategy as well as engages the industry on opportunity (Dionysius, 2017). Competitive/collaborative analysis
Nature Tourism and Enterprise Development in Ecuador. (1988, November). World Leisure & Recreation, 29(1), 22-27. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10261133.1988.10558980#.UtrAZ9jTksY
Rainforest trees are crucial to the endurance of the local people as well as the global
Tropical forests provide important renewable resources that can contribute significantly to national economic growth on a continuing basis. Forests products like fruits and timber play a crucial role in the economy of developing countries. Deforestation by means such as logging and cattle ranching is also economically profitable and lucrative. The forest produce generates more than $120 billion, in reported income in the late 2000s, according to the Food and Agriculture Organisation. Hence this shows that there are indeed benefits that rainforest can bring to the human
Rainforests once covered 14% of the worlds land surface, however now it only covers a mere 6%. It is estimated that all rainforests could be consumed in less than 40 years. Trees are becoming more needed and used everyday. We need them cut down for many reasons such as paper and timber, while also needing them ‘untouched’ for other reasons like oxygen, we have to ask ourselves, which is more important? At the current rate, most of the rainforests are being cut down for resources like paper and timber, but less importance is being placed on main resources like oxygen.
Ecotourism, defined by the International Ecotourism Society (TIES) as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people and involves interpretation and education” has been one of the fastest growing industries since the 1990s (TIES). Due to climate change and human activities such as logging, fishing, hunting, and landscaping, conservation efforts are underway all over the world to preserve natural habitats and the wildlife living in them. National parks are the most common way to accomplish this, but one problem many national parks face is a lack of funding. Ecotourism aids these parks by providing them with up to 84% of funds needed. In popular destinations such as Costa Rica, tourism generates over two billion dollars a year (Turner).
Among the 39 PAs, seven PAs have been recognized as ASEAN Heritage Parks (AHP). The 1994 Protection of Wildlife and Protected Areas Law focuses on the identification of nature reserves, establishment of zoological gardens and botanical gardens, protection of wildlife and wild plants, permission for hunting, research studies, permission to establish zoological and botanical gardens, registration, search, arrest and administrative action, and offences and penalties. Recently, Myanmar has formulated National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) with the multi-consultation process. NBSAP is a comprehensive framework for biodiversity conservation, management and utilization in a sustainable manner, as well as to support the National Sustainable Development Strategy. The development of NBSAP has given opportunity for practicing the alternative PAs management that favors not only biodiversity, but also livelihood
...ent natural forest as well as non-forest formations that provide PNG with major values and benefits. Namely, the landscape yields bountiful benefits sources of financial, environmental, and social benefits and values. These major benefits in turn attract a distinctive group of stakeholders; namely, foreign investors, local government, and environmentalist, each of which view the landscape’s values from utterly different standpoints. The difference in perspective among these different stakeholders brings forwards the urgent need for these groups to adopt more collaboratively rooted managerial effort. This in turn will result in well-voiced dialogues to take place among theses different stakeholders groups. Ultimately, these dialogues will to moderate the gap between these groups as they all move forward towards a prosperous-developed-sustainable Papua New Guinea.
We talked about the first type which is the economic effect on the local community and the second type that is the social effect on the host community. In this part of our essay we will represent the last kind of effect on the local community by tourism. It is the environment effect on the local community. Tourism has positive and negative aspects in term of its impact on the host community. First point, tourism can help to protect the environment through reinvest some of profits, that generated by tourism, to the preservation of local environment and make it popular destination for holidays. However, it can cause pollution and damage in the environment through overuse of natural resources, such as water supply, beaches and coral reef. It also account for increased pollution through traffic emissions and littering. Additionally, tourist accommodations in general dump waste and sewage into seas and rivers. Second point, it might reduce some problems such as over-fishing by creating another source of employment. According to Tourism Concern, tourism account for more than eight per cent of jobs in the world wide and there are approximately two hundred million people work in the tourism sector on all sides of the world. (Tourism Concern, 2004). As a result a lot of people will abandon works in fishing and deforestations and tend to works in tourism industrialization. On the adverse side, it can harm the environment through polish off grass cover, harmful to wildlife and forests and grave local habitats. (BBC,
Belsoy, J. 2012, ‘Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Protected Areas’, Journal of Environmental and Earth Science, vol. 2, pp. 10.
The uncontrolled tourism increase is threatening many natural areas around the world.with the uncontrollable levels of tourism this can put great deal of pressure on an area, andthis could end up leading to negative environmental impacts on the air and the water quality, thevegetation,the soil.the wild life and the possible job opportunities.
The Redesigned Forest. Toronto: Stoddart Publishing Co. Limited, 1990. Newman, Arnold. Tropical Rainforest. New York: Checkmark Books, 2002.