Difficulty in swallowing or dysphagia is a problem with the the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus or gastro pharyngeal junction. It is common in the adult individuals and there are as high as 22% in adults over 50 years of age [ASHA,] Dysphagia can have an overwhelming effect on a person’s health. It is present in 42% to 67% of patients within the first 3 days of stroke ( 3 Trapl). Dysphagia’s effect is the inability to manipulate and push food and liquid through the oral cavity. Common causes of dysphagia are results from stroke, muscular dystrophy, Parkinson’s disease, scleroderma, and gastro esophageal (GERD). Common symptoms of dysphagia may include drooling and poor oral management, food and liquid remaining in oral cavity after the swallow, individuals complaining …show more content…
The purpose of this assessment to to observe the different signs and symptoms of the disorder considering the different factors such as fatigue during meal, posture, and conditions within the environment. There are many ways of assessing dysphagia on an individual using a non-instrumental. The most common ones are: an oral mechanism examination which includes the cranial nerve assessment, structural assessment of face, jaw, lips, tongue, oral pharynx, hard and soft palate,; functional assessment of of muscles structures used in swallowing including symmetry, sensation; identification of signs and symptoms of penetration and/or aspiration such as throat clearing or coughing before/during and after the swallow; and observing a patient eating or being fed food items with different consistencies; and assessing the alteration in bolus delivery (ASHA). One of the reason why a non-instrumental may be used to assess dysphagia is due to lack of equipment required in an institution (Yoko 7).. In the study done by Yoko (7), the participants who were suspected of having dysphagia was given a cough test were they inhaled a mist of citric acid-physiologic saline orally for 1 minute with an ultrasonic
Ascertaining the adequacy of gaseous exchange is the major purpose of the respiratory assessment. The components of respiratory assessment comprises of rate, rhythm, quality of breathing, degree of effort, cough, skin colour, deformities and mental status (Moore, 2007). RR is a primary indicator among other components that assists health professionals to record the baseline findings of current ventilatory functions and to identify physiological respiratory deterioration. For instance, increased RR (tachypnoea) and tidal volume indicate the body’s attempt to correct hypoxaemia and hypercapnia (Cretikos, Bellomo, Hillman, Chen, Finfer, & Flabouris, 2008). The inclusive use of a respiratory assessment on a patient could lead to numerous potential benefits. Firstly, initial findings of respiratory assessment reveals baseline data of patient’s respiratory functions. Secondly, if the patient is on respiratory medication such as salbutamol and ipratropium bromide, the respiratory assessment enables nurses to measure the effectiveness of medications and patient’s compliance towards those medications (Cretikos, Bellomo, Hillman, Chen, Finfer, & Flabouris, 2008). Thirdly, it facilitates early identification of respiratory complications and it has the potential to reduce the risk of significant clinical
A common condition that is associated with GERD and LES problems is having a hiatal hernia. A hiatal hernia is when you have a larger than normal opening in the diaphragm where the esophagus passes through. Since this opening is larger, the stomach begins to enter this opening. When you eat, the stomach and esophagus do not join as they were properly intended and cause malfunctioning of the LES. In some cases, food remains above the LES allowing it to easily travel back up the esophagus.
The gallbladder is a small organ that is located under the liver. The purpose of the gallbladder is to store bile and bile is a fluid made by the liver that helps digest fat. The gallbladder releases bile through a tube called the common bile duct. The common bile duct connects the gallbladder and liver to the small intestine. There are several conditions that can affect the gallbladder. This is called “gallbladder disease”, the term refers to any condition that affects the gallbladder. Gallstones and Cholecystitis, are two conditions that affect the gallbladder.
As modern medical research begins to discover the deep-rooted genetic and environmental origins of many chronic diseases and illnesses, researchers have began to realize the complexity of illnesses that plague mankind. One prevalent disease among humans is Asthma, a chronic lung disease that irritates and tightens the airways, resulting in reocurring periods of coughing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and wheezing. Asthma’s phenotypic range does not follow the relative simplicity of Mendelian genetics, but is rather rooted in multiple genes, such as Interleukin-13 (IL-13), and specific environmental exposures such as air pollution.
What is hypochondriasis? “Hypochondriasis is the excessive worry that you are or may become seriously ill, says Mayo Clinic.” Hypochondriasis is known to be an illness anxiety disorder. Hypochondriasis, when diagnosed to a person, is known as being a hypochondriac. Mayo Clinic also says that “It is not just worrying every so often that something might be wrong with a person, but it’s that the person is constantly worrying about themselves.” It will cause them to think the worst about them being ill and monitor their own body and expect something is wrong with themselves all of the time. (Carolyn Steber) Here are some symptoms, causes and treatments for hypochondriasis.
Dyslexia is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders that haunt adolescents throughout their childhood. Commonly known as a reading disability (RD), dyslexia is a hereditary complex trait that occurs in five to seventeen percent of people. Neuroimaging studies show that dyslexic individuals display abnormal brain function compared to fluent readers when challenged with reading assignments (7). The exact genes that code for dyslexia are not certain, however substantial studies have potentially linked dyslexia to the KIAA0319 gene, the DCDC2 gene, and the DYX1 gene. The severity of each case is largely determined by environmental factors such exposure to reading and professional intervention. Significantly, the interplay between these external influences and innate genetic characteristics ultimately determine the performance of the dyslexic individual.
Dyslexia is a very common learning disorder that affects more than three million cases reported every year. It can also be referred to as a language based learning disability. Dyslexia is a disability that impairs one’s ability (usually identified in children) to read and interpret different letters/words. It cannot be cured and is generally a lifelong condition but can be treated with therapists/specialists. This disorder does not translate to poor individual intelligence, just simply an individual that struggles in an area of learning. More often than not, this disability can be self diagnosed by an adult. This disorder is the most common learning disability in American children. Although, scientists cannot pinpoint the percentage of children
There may be murmurs about that girl who only fixes herself a salad with only vinegar at dining services or suspicious glances at someone who spends 45 minutes on the treadmill and then switches to the stair stepper at the rec. On-campus eating disorders are talked about everywhere and yet are not really talked about at all. There is observation, concern, and gossip, but hushed conversation and larger scale efforts to help and change never seem to earn public attention.
As humans we all have something that absolutely annoys us and either makes us want to get rid of whatever is annoying us or just avoid the things that annoy us. Things that annoy us can be as simple as flies, smoking, people who chew with their mouth open, people who mumble, people who tap their fingers on the desk, and door-to-door sales men. These are things that are present in our everyday life and there is nothing that we can do to stop the things that annoy us from happening, but we can eventually learn to deal with them. Sometimes there are times when we run across the things that annoy us and totally loose our control of our emotions, but that is okay because it will only happen to us a couple of times, until we learn to accept that
Swallowing is a complex action involving the muscles and nerves within the pharynx and esophagus, a swallowing center in the brain, and nerves that connect the pharynx and esophagus to the swallowing center (medicine net). But what would happen if it became difficult to swallow, or even worse, you lost the ability to swallow? What are the causes of this and what treatments are available? There are many specific causes that include physical obstruction of the pharynx or esophagus, diseases of the brain, diseases of the smooth muscle of the esophagus, diseases of skeletal muscle of the pharynx, and miscellaneous diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease and dementia) (Dysphagia, n.d.). Intervention for patients with dysphagia is diet modification of solid foods and/or liquids.
Eventhough dyspnea is a common symptom of respiratory disability or complication, there are certain languages or terms of dyspnea that describe the conditions (Manning & Mahler, 2001). Varieties mechanisms likely give rise to qualitatively different sensations of dyspnea. Research of the language of dyspnea suggests that this symptom represents a statistic of qualitatively definite sensations, and that the words used by patients to illustrate their breathing problem may give insight into the underlying pathophysiology of the disease. The conscious awareness of voluntary activation of s...
Hypochondria, also known as hypochondriasis is known as unconditional fears of having a disease or a medical problem. Health Anxiety as well as Illness Anxiety is also common names for this condition. As it highly resembles an anxiety disorder, Hypochondriasis is also said to be a Somatoform disorder as well. A somatoform disorder is described as having physical symptoms that have no medical cause (Hypochondriasis and Substance Abuse, n.d). This stems from the misinterpretation of symptoms and the lack of beliveal of medical reassurance of no disease or illness. Within this paper I will be talking about the symptoms, causes, and treatment that comes with this psychological disorder.
Vomiting is defined as the forceful ejection of gastric and occasionally, proximal small intestine content through the mouth.
In modern society, we are faced with an increased demand for college graduates with a variety of skills. In order to meet the demands of an ever changing job market, we must be skilled in subjects such as math, reading and science. One subject that needs to be addressed is math. We use arithmetic to calculate numbers, exchange money and understand math concepts. That is why it is imperative that educators reach out to students with Dyscalculia with strategies, such as explicit instruction to help students overcome their problems in math. I will examine dyscalculia, its effect on the individual’s education and interventional approaches used to mitigate its effects.
Education is an important process for children to learn different kind of knowledge or languages that would deeply influence not only their course result but their future. Some students, however, are having difficulties in learning because of their disease or so-called the Learning disability that do not be able to catch up the class as other students. In nowadays education system, we will use various method in supporting those student in learning. Since those students who have Learning disability would stay in the class with other normal students, we called this as Integrated Education. In this essay, I would like to discuss the case of dyslexia and explain how we can help these kind of students by using specific teaching models and skills.