There are many diseases in the world that involves millions of people dying every day by contagion, genetics, and many other components. Bradycardia is the development of a medically irregular, slow heartbeat, and it’s a disease most commonly seen in elderly people. Athletes who usually exercise come upon this problem because of their fit anatomy or bodily structure. However, people who are healthy, young, and fit usually have slow heart rates and it’s not in any way harmful to their self being. Bradycardia, being one of the few diseases that does not always result in death, is fortunately one of the lesser extreme diseases that has a reliable treatment. According to Baum, Benson, and Brenner, bradycardia is part of one main category of the …show more content…
According to Baum, Benson, and Brenner, an electrocardiogram (ECG) can measure the electrical signals that control the regulation of the heartbeat and heart rhythm (449). It is also a test procedure that involves an ECG test that detects a heart arrhythmia; however, the ECG test is only convenient when a patient experiences bradycardia during testing. Another way to detect bradycardia is to use an ambulatory electrocardiogram, which is a lightweight appliance used to monitor the heart rhythm as indicated by Healthwise Staff. This cardiac event monitor, also called a Holter monitor, records a patient’s heart rhythm during a normal daily routine. A physician may also conduct blood tests to find the source of the problem and to steady the heart rate. If the condition is ignored, then the patient can have more severe medical problems as a …show more content…
Bradycardia is not a terminal disease that results in death; however, if it is a severe case of abnormal slow heart rate, then it can be life-threatening. On the other hand, it is more harmful if an elderly is diagnose with bradycardia, because it leads to severe heart problems. An athlete undergoing bradycardia is normal because of their hectic exercise routines. It takes time to shape the body into a great physique, and some athletes include cardio and weight training into their workouts, so the heart is consistently working to keep up with the different time rhythms. A person who has bradycardia must seek treatment, such as a pacemaker or, in rare cases, a catheter ablation. A patient who is experiencing bradycardia may also take steps at home to ameliorate the heart. For example, simple tasks such as eating healthy, controlling the blood pressure, and regular exercise can help patients who suffer from bradycardia. Patients experience symptoms ranging from fatigue to loss of consciousness. Many deadly diseases exist in the world, yet bradycardia is one disease that can be treated in which a person may still live a long and healthy
An electrocardiograph (ECG) is a common test that tracks impulses through the heart. Sensors are placed on the body to pick up impulses and the ECG will illustrate the time each impulse takes to get from the upper chambers to the lower chambers of the heart by showing three waves. The "P wave" is the first wave that originates from the atria, followed by the "QRS complex" that comes from the ventricles, and lastly the "T wave" that shows when the ventricles are at rest again (Electrocardiogram, 2015). Doctors will time the waves to see if the timing is correct or if they are too fast or too slow (Figures 3 and 4). They will also measure the impulse to see if one part of the heart has too much electrical activity than it is able to handle. This test can also be done with a miniature portable ECG recorder that can be worn for a period of time to actually catch an episode of SVT, which is usually more successful because episodes are so unpredictable. These portable ECGs can also be called Holt monitors and event recorders and also have sensors that get tape on specific areas of the chest (Electrocardiogram, 2015). Another more specialized test for those already diagnosed with SVT but want to locate the exact cause of abnormal heart beats is an electrophysiologic test. Doctors insert catheters with electrical sensors on them in a vein in the arm or upper thigh. The doctor moves the catheter around in the heart, with the help
There are four different categories of treatment: lifestyle changes, surgical procedures, non-surgical procedures, and medications. Lifestyle changes include having a healthy diet; increasing physical activity; eliminating cigarettes, alcoholic beverages, and illicit drugs; and getting enough rest and sleep; losing excess weight. These lifestyle changes are to lower the patient’s blood pressure, cholesterol, and reducing any other future medical conditions. There are also surgical options to help cure, prevent, or control cardiomyopathy. Surgical method include a septal myectomy, surgically implanted devices, and a heart transplant. A septal myectomy is used to specifically treat hypertrophy cardiomyopathy which is where the heart muscle cells enlarge and cause the walls of the ventricles to thicken. The thickening of the walls may not affect the size of the ventricles but instead may affect the blood flow out of the ventricle. Usually along with the ventricles swelling, the septum in between the ventricles can become enlarged and block the blood flow causing a heart attack. When medication is not working well to treat hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a surgeon will open the chest cavity and remove part of the septum that is blocking blood flow. Surgically implanted devices include a pacemaker, a cardiac resynchronization therapy device, a left ventricular assist device, and an implantable
Heart disease is one of the most common causes of the mortality and morbidity in most well developed countries. They come in different forms such as stroke and other cardiovascular diseases and it’s the number one cause of death in the state of America. In the year 2011 alone nearly 787,000 people were killed as a result of this epidemic. And this included Hispanic, Africans, whites and Americans. As for the Asian Americans or pacific Islanders, American Indians and the natives of Alaska, the concept to them was a second only to cancer. However, statistics has proved that a person gets heart attack every 34 seconds and in every 60 seconds, someone dies out of it which include other related event. Additionally, majority of the women are the
Overall, the aim of this experiment involved the examination of stimuli that triggered the bradycardia reflex, in relation to circulatory and physiological responses that occur in humans during dive reflex. Due to the different factors being generated the dive response was evoked to different extents. All variables including MAP, SV, CO, HR and TPR were monitored and varied (5). The basal measurements fell all within normal range, with respect to the conditions.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic disease of the heart, making the cardiac muscle is thick and strong. The thick muscle causes a decrease in cavity size, forcing the heart to pump less blood. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the primary causes of sudden death as the prevention of blood flow causes cardiac arrest. More successful research is being conducted on HCM, including research on the genetics associated and the heredity of the genes. Unfortunately this disorder effects many young athletes due to their increased stresses of training on their heart. However, despite the use of new technology such as the electrocardiogram and transthoracic echocardiogram, the strategies are limited, restricting new answers.
These causes will change the heart significantly. The pathophysiology of heart failure is described differently as: (1) an oedematous disorder, by means of which the deviations in renal hemodynamics and excretory ability lead to salt and water holding; (2) a hemodynamic disorder, considered by peripheral vasoconstriction and decreased cardiac output; (3) a neurohormonal disorder, mainly by stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and adrenergic nervous system; (4) an inflammatory syndrome, related with amplified local and circulation pro-inflammatory cytokines; (5) a myocardial disease, started with an damage to the heart trailed by pathological ventricular transformation. In heart failure, the heart sustains either a sudden or longstanding structural injury. When damage occurs, sequences of firstly compensatory but consequently maladaptive mechanisms follow (Henry & Abraham, ).
Most people with symptoms related to the function of the heart will have an electrocardiogram (ECG), chest x-ray and echocardiogram (Echo), which allows the structure and function of the heart to be examined.
Tell Tale Heart is a short horror story by E.A. Poe that is told from the first person perspective and describes the murder of an old man. The main character plots the crime because he (supposing the narrator is male) is irritated by the old man’s “evil eye”. The narrator kills the old man in his sleep, dismembers the body and hides the corpse parts under the floorboards. The main character is not suspected until he confesses the murder to the police believing everyone can hear the beating of the dead man’s heart from under the floor. Tell-Tale Heart is not a confession but an apology. The murderer tries to prove that the hideous crime, no mater how irrational it might seem to the readers, was planned and carried out in the calculated and premeditated manner. The narrator tries to convince the readers that he was conscious of his motives, actions, and intentions. What is more, he stresses that there was no trace of permanent or temporary mental disorder, let alone insanity. However, the choice of the point of view, tone and mood of the Tell-Tale Heart allow Poe to create the opposite effect and convince the readers that the story is an account of a madman. The psychological effect of the first-person narrative, the tone and symbolism let Poe enhance the gruesome effect of the story. The point of view chosen by Poe also makes readers feel as if the insane narrator addresses every reader personally. A vide range of stylistic devices is employed to make the story frightening from the very beginning.
The article Following The Trail of Broken Hearts by David Epstein from Sports Illustrated, was about Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and the affects it has on adolescents and teens, especially student athletes. DeCarlo Polk, one of the 6,000 people who die from HCM a year, died while playing a one-on-one game of basketball due to strain on his heart. Hearts of people with HCM have thickened left ventricles, causing the heart to beat a lethal cadence. Increasing the knowledge of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy could save thousands of lives per year.
In the story The Tell Tale Heart by Edger Alan Poe, a murder mystery is given. The kind of murder where we know the narrator as the killer, but can't quite understand his purpose in doing so.
It is essential to the human body that the heart pump sufficient nutrient rich blood to the body’s cells, because the body won’t be able to function normally otherwise. When a heart muscle is unable to pump enough blood through to meet the body’s regular demand it is characterized as heart failure. Heart failure can usually be treated through conventional heart therapies and symptom management strategies, however conventional therapies don’t work for all patients with heart failure, this is what is depicted as advanced heart failure or end-stage heart failure. In other words “End stage” heart failure is when the condition becomes so severe that all conventional treatments no longer work, the only treatment that works for end stage heart failure is to have a heart transplantation-surgery to remove a person's diseased heart and replace it with a healthy heart from a deceased donor. However there are two large encompassing problems with this treatment. The first problem is that the patient is subject to shortages in donor organ availability and thus possible further decompensation and potential death while awaiting transplantation. According to the American Heart Association, there are over 500,000 new cases of end-stage heart failure in the United States every year. With only 2200 donor hearts available every year nearly 20-30% of the patients who die while they await a transplant. The second problem with this mode of treatment is that not all patients qualify for heart transplantation. Patients who have another disease in addition to end-stage heart failure do not qualify for heart transplantation. The discrepancy between the clinical need for donor hearts and the total number of hearts available, as well as the lack of treatment o...
(Slide 2) What is Cardiomyopathy? If we break down the word we can see “Cardio” which means of the heart, “myo” which means muscle, and “pathy” which means disease, therefore cardiomyopathies are diseases of the heart muscle. (Slide 3) There are 3 main types of cardiomyopathies; hypertrophic, dilated, and restrictive. I will only be discussing dilated cardiomyopathy, which is characterized by the enlargement of the hearts chambers with impaired systolic function. It is estimated that as many as 1 of 500 adults may have this condition. Dilated cardiomyopathy is more common in blacks than in whites and in males than in females. It is the most common form of cardiomyopathy in children and it can occur at any age (CDC).
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disorder in which the wall of the left ventricle becomes thick, making it harder for blood to leave the heart. The heart has to work harder to pump blood. This is the leading cause of sudden death in athletes. A father or mother with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has a fifty percent chance of passing the disorder onto their children. Women with HCM shows a higher risk of profession to advanced heart failure or death. Men and women’s different social, endocrine, or genetic factors may affect the diagnosis of HCM.
One of the leading causes of death in the United States is heart disease. “Approximately every 29 seconds one American will have a heart attack, and once a minute one American will die from a heart attack” (Ford-Martin and Odle, 915). According to the Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine men over the age of 45 and women over the age of 55 are considered at risk for heart disease. Heart disease is a major cause of death. It is beneficial to individuals who seek to prevent heart disease to recognize the risks leading to heart attacks as they are one of the primary indications of developing heart disease; especially those that fall into the at risk age groups. These risks consist of some that cannot be changed such as heredity risks, or those that can change such as smoking habits. It is very important to know these specific risks for prevention and to understand the symptoms of heart attacks, such as sweating or the feeling of weakness so if these or other symptoms occur people are aware. Finally heart disease treatment is of vital importance if you experience a heart attack so you can learn how to prevent another one from occurring.
Oxygen was first admitted to the client with chest pain over 100 years ago (Metcalfe, 2011). Chest pain is a large bracket that can contain many different conditions, but for the purpose of this analysis it is focused manly upon a myocardial infarction. A myocardial infarction is mainly referred to as a heart attack, and occurs when one or more coronary arteries leading to the heart reduce or completely stop blood flow (Tuipulotu, 2013 ). Administering high concentrations of oxygen to patients with chest pain is now embedded in guidelines, protocols and care pathways, even with a lack of clear supporting evidence (Nicholson, 2004 ). High concentration of oxygen means that up to 60% is administered (Knott, 2012). More recent research has suggested that the use of oxygen in this scenario is unnecessary and can lead to unwanted side effects, especially in normoxic cardiac patients (Moradkham & Sinoway, 2010 ). The aim of this comparative analysis is to dismantle and understand both the benefits and risks of the commonly known practice of administration of oxygen to the client with chest pain. Through completing this analysis using recent and appropriate evidence a more improved practice can be given and understood.