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Disadvantages of using L1 in L2 classroom
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Children and ESL
When working with children it is not always so easy, especially when the children do not have the same language as you do. Its is even more difficult to see if there is a problem with these students and it is even harder to find if there is a speak-language disorder. The articles “Assessment of Language Proficiency of Limited English Proficient Speakers: Implications for the Speech-Language Specialist” by Sol Adler, The Use of an Invented Language Rule in the Differentiation of Normal and Language-Impaired Spanish-Speaking Children” by Celeste A. Roseberry and Phil J. Connel and “Dynamic Assessment: The Model. Its Relevance as a Nonbiased Approach, and its Application to Latino American Preschool Children” by Carol S. Lidz and Elizabeth D. Pena, have one common link and that is assessing limited English speaking (LEP) children to see if there is a speech-language problem. Each article gives a model to use in assessing. Each article expresses the difficulty in assessing these children.
I would like to know why some LEP children go into special education rooms and others do not? Is it because the teacher doesn’t have the understanding of the child or that they are too lazy to deal with that child? It seems to be very reasonable and logical that a children is LEP that they will score low academically because of the fact that American schools are based on the English language and using English to learn.
I can understand the frustration when trying to assess a LEP child. I personally before reading these articles didn’t even think about assessing LEP for speak-language impairments and had no idea where to start or how to go about it. Each article gives a different approach that is helpful. In the article by Alder, they are evaluating the aural-oral language proficiency of LEP children. What does aural-oral language proficiency mean? I am not sure I understand the term. Instead of using a standardized test this approach uses tape-recorded samples of the students, which is favorable because of the uselessness of the standardized tests for these students.
In the article by Roseberry and Connel it states with students with specific language impairment that there is a clear learning style that is different than normal children. Why is that so? Why do they react confidently with the imitations and negatively to the other? The results of the study showed that the children that were perceived as normal did well and the children perceived as low achieving did not do well at all.
English Language Learners (ELL) require thoughtful and careful instruction for both reading and writing education. Both of these skills are necessary for a bright future and to be a functioning citizen in Canada. Those that do not possess considerable literacy levels will be effectively 'locked out' from so much knowledge, information and ideas that are part of the culture of society (Christie 1990, 20). Having a low level of literacy usually means acquiring an unskilled job. The relationship between literacy levels and poverty is something that should not be ignored (Gibbons, 2002). Developing literacy skills in ELLs is a daunting task and especially with students that have not developed those skills in their first language originally. Through the Curriculum Cycle and proper scaffolding of writing strategies, this paper will provide a lesson plan that will help develop an ELL's writing skills. It will include many different tools that will help students gain an understanding and confidence of the narrative writing form.
Serra, C. (2007). Assessing CLIL at Primary School: A Longitudinal Study. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 10(5), 582-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/beb461.0
Recently immigrated parents often learn English from their children. Over 70% of Hispanic Americans in California are English Language Learners (ELL) and are given the resour...
A special education setting is based on educational needs of those with learning disabilities. Students should not be immediately placed in a special education classroom, but instead should be taught strategies that are appropriate to their educational needs. Notwithstanding, Serge did not have a learning disability and as a result, should not have been placed in a special education setting. This was inappropriate placement for him as his only problem was his inability to speak English. Although he eventually did thrive with the instruction he received from Mrs. Evans, a resource teacher, his placement was not appropriate. In correlation with Ortiz (2001), “Early Invention for English Languages who are having difficulty in school needs to be implemented by general eduction teachers. Supportive school climates and instruction tailored to meet the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse students (Ortiz, 2001, pg. 4). Also, if Serge was placed into a general education setting with individualized instruction, he would have been barely able to perform at all. He would not understand anything that is going on and would have been completely lost. In order to grasp material, Serge should have both Serbian and English material provided for
In conclusion, it seems more reasonable and accurate for me to assess the child in all areas, and to build on each of the child’s skill to help them learn. Also, I found useful the implementation of reinforces, it seems to be fair for me that the child is able to do something that he enjoys throughout the learning process. The parents get the satisfaction of seeing their child’s language improvement and the children get motivated by doing something he/she likes because even for kids with no disorders or developmental delays the process of learning is somehow tiresome.
Sullivan, A. L. (2011). The 'Standard'. Disproportionality in Special Education: Identification and Placement of English Language Learners. Exceptional Children, 77(3), 317-334.
One of the first challenges that ELL instructors must come to terms with is the identification and assessment of their students’ learning capabilities in their classroom. Traditional identification instruments designed for English speakers may not be valid with English language learners. Identification of English language learners with special needs should include consideration of several factors, such as family history, developmental and health history, first language and literacy development, previous schooling, and the learners' current academic ability, just to name a few. Learning in any language is affected by learning disabilities, but second language learners with special needs present additional educational challenges. According to the British Columbia Ministry of Education, Skills, and Training (Fowler & Hooper, 1998), instructors of English language learners with special needs should consider the cultural, developmental, and first language background of the learner. They should also do the following: (1.) Provide a highly structured learning environment; (2.) Focus on contextual learning;
According with Jean Piaget whose theory on child development has been a great influence in education; language development is the most important phase during the Preoperational stage of cognitive development. During this stage children develop and build up their knowledge and vocabulary by asking questions and expressing ideas through words, images and drawings. This stage is considerate to happen from two years of to seven years of age (Kendra Cherry). Language development has direct implications in the intellectual development of a child, and it is one of the main tools to develop our thinking process. We use words to store and access memories or other information. For Latinos children and especially recent arrivals whose language is Spanish entering to school where their primary language (Mother tongue) has no validation neither use may be traumatic and even hinder their future opportunities to succeed in a school system that is complete foreign in concept and in language. In order to integrate and create opportunities for the Latino students to succeed the in the educational system we must create programs that address the specific needs of the Latino community such as bilingual education where students learn to speak, read and write in their mother tongue language first.
Although there are many difficulties such as Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Apraxia, English as an Additional Language (EAL), Stuttering and Selective Mutism, all of which impact greatly on language acquisition, Cherry (2011) focuses on impaired hearing, providing not only an overview of the condition but also the means with which to positively impact on language acquisition.
...he assignment or did not try their best. Another one of the strategies that I have seen quite often is the disrupting student read-aloud. This has happened to me while teaching many times. I honestly most times thought that these children were causing a ruckus and interrupting because they had behavior issues. Now after reading this section I am much more aware that the instances I have encountered could have been just the child not understanding. After reading this article I feel like I have a fresh and new look on how to better spot children who are falling behind in their language proficiency.
The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) has caused a shift on what will be focused on in the classroom. These shifts not only affect the mainstream classroom, but the ESL (English as a Second Language) classroom as well. The major change for the ESL classroom and for English Language Learners (ELLs) is a new focus on grade appropriate content area knowledge, instead of just English language proficiency. According to Coleman and Goldenberg (2012), there is little acknowledgement of support for English Language Learners in the CCSS. ESL teachers may or may not feel prepared to teach according to the CCSS. They may also have issues in understanding what the Common Core means for them. One main issue is that the CCSS will dramatically change how ELL and LEP (Limited English Proficiency) populations are taught. It is not the first, and will not be the last attempts to standardize education in the United States.
(Ages: Birth to 7:11) is a standardized assessment to assist in identifying children who have a language disorder or delay. It is composed of two subscales: Auditory Comprehension (AC) and Expressive Communication (EC). The Auditory Comprehension is used to evaluate how much language a child understands. The tasks assess comprehension of basic vocabulary, concepts, and grammatical markers. The Expressive Communication is used to determine how well a child communicates with others. Children are asked to name common objects, use concepts that describe objects and express quantity, and use specific prepositions, grammatical markers, and sentence structures. The responses to each subscale questions yield a standard score where 100 is the
According to a well-known biblical story, there was once a universal language that everyone spoke and could understand. One day, the people came together to build a city in honor of themselves. In that city, they decided they would construct a tower that would reach to Heaven. However, when God saw their arrogance, he decided to confuse them by making them speak in different languages. As a consequence, the people were forced to discontinue the tower and tore it down.
Imagine coming into a new country with no knowledge of their language. Now, imagine being a young child having to come in a new country with no knowledge of their language and having to go to school with the native students. That student who is in a new country and school will feel left out and frustrated. They are around new customs and people, the teaching that they were once used to has change and the teachers, they might speak fast and the student is even more confused and they might want to give up. This is where the school board comes into place and help students that is new to their county learn English with the Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages(TESOL) program; to include the English Language Learners(ELL) students in the curriculum and have them interact with other students.
There are three main theories of child language acquisition; Cognitive Theory, Imitation and Positive Reinforcement, and Innateness of Certain Linguistic Features (Linguistics 201). All three theories offer a substantial amount of proof and experiments, but none of them have been proven entirely correct. The search for how children acquire their native language in such a short period of time has been studied for many centuries. In a changing world, it is difficult to pinpoint any definite specifics of language because of the diversity and modification throughout thousands of millions of years.