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Adolescent psychosocial development
Chapter 10 human development across the lifespan adolescence
Development of an adolescent
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Recommended: Adolescent psychosocial development
Introduction Erik Erikson’s theory of ego identity versus role confusion seeks to explain how one’s identity is formed during adolescence (Sokol, 2009). This stage of socioemotional development occurs between puberty and the early twenties. During this stage, the positive experience is ego identity, causing the individual to feel comfortable with themselves as they try new things and begin to find what they enjoy to do. The negative result of this is a lack of self-identity, feeling alone and not finding their “true” selves. Using Erikson’s Psychosocial Developmental Theory, this paper will analyze and evaluate my current life experience during adolescence through the stage of ego identity versus role confusion. Family My family contains …show more content…
When I think of chores, I don’t immediately think of them being an opportunity, but they help me know what I have to do when I start living on my own. I fold everyone’s laundry, unload the dishwasher, clean off all the dining tables, and give our animals food and water. Certain people in my family have pets that we consider ‘theirs’ because the animals seem to have a closer bond with that person than anyone else. My animals are the turtle I named Crush and our cat named Bunny. Bunny was recently diagnosed with diabetes, and now I have to give her insulin shots twice a day, one at 7 A.M. and the other at 7 P.M. I am not naturally a morning person and usually stay up very late on the weekends and wake up late the next morning, so this has given me a lot more discipline through waking up early and helps me get a lot more done on the weekends. These responsibilities and disciplines have helped me become more self-reliant and independent, which help create a good, strong …show more content…
I happened to see the best and the worst in myself during the years of finding my identity and role confusion. I believe that you have to see the worst in yourself for motivation to become the best you can be. There are four main stages of adolescence: physical development, intellectual development, emotional development, and social development (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2015). I have been through a majority of these stages much faster than most teenagers at my age. I feel more self-reliant and rational than a lot of other people at my age level, which is great. I have a very positive view on myself and everything I do now. I have done better in my classes and I’ve felt more comfortable about myself since I have developed my own sense of
The psychosocial stage represented by adolescence, as we can see from Erikson’s model, is the resolution of the conflicts raised by the profusion of role changes in adolescent life. Healthy resolution of these conflicts would mean that the person would be able to adjust to the changing role demands of the period of adolescence while still retaining a strong sense of their own lasting personal identity. If the increasing role demands of adolescence placed too great a stress on the individual, then identity diffusion would result. This means that the individual would become confused about who they were, in view of all the different roles which they seem to be acting
During this stage, Erikson believes that the individual’s successful identity formation relies on social, cognitive and physical maturation (Pittman, Keiley, Kerpelman, & Vaughn, 2011). The individual tries out different roles for who they see in themselves and who they portray to others, eventually committing to their own personal role and occupational choice. Pittman et al. (2011) describe the identity formation as “consisting of decisions, investments, and commitments tied to current and future roles, goals, and relationships.” Additional considerations for identity formation include the context of the culture which is available to the adolescent during this time. After successful resolution of this stage during adolescence, individuals will typically progress into Erikson’s Intimacy versus Isolation stage during young
An example when an adult was scaffolding an infant during the time I was observing Lab 1 would be when George of 1 year and 3 months was wobbly walking and exploring his surroundings and worryingly one of the instructors said “no, no” and instead he walked towards another designated play era and uncertain he looked back and made eye contact with the same instructor. She reassured him that he could go play into the area by gesturing and saying “that’s okay ” so he proceeded to play in that area.
This period is marked by physical, social, moral and emotional development (Davies, Hartdegen, Haxell, Le Geyt & Mercier, 2012). It is a time when the adolescent’s sense of self or identity is becoming much more clear and they are beginning to understand their role in society, starting to question the morals of others and contemplating their own moral and ethical beliefs (Davies et al., 2012). During this time Erik Erikson believed that adolescents are faced with the psychosocial stage of identity versus role confusion (Berk, 2008). Adolescents explore their values and role in society, overcoming this conflict to better understand their own identity, however if they do not fully overcome this conflict, Erikson believed that the adolescent would be confused about their values and future adult roles (Berk, 2008). This conflict was clearly demonstrated in my own development during the late teenage years when I experienced both the results of failing to overcome and then overcoming Erikson’s fifth psychosocial stage. At age eighteen I finished secondary school and began my tertiary studies, I had been accepted into the degree I had wanted to study since middle childhood, however I quickly learnt that I was enjoying neither my studies nor my experience of life in halls of residence. I discontinued my studies after only
At the beginning of this paper I mentioned that there are eight stages in the psychosocial development theory starting with trust vs. mistrust. This stage begins at birth to one year of age. This is when I should have formed a trust with my primary caregiver or caregivers. My dad was absent most of this stage, so my mother was my primary caregiver. Since she never taught me good behavior, right from wrong, and was uncaring when I was born, I did not feel safe or secure around her. I was told through family members that she was unable to hold me without me screaming all the time, and that the doctor said I suffered from anxiety at infancy because I could feel the tension of my mother’s stress, anger, and anxiety towards me. The beginning of me learning to mistrust, and feeling
Lynda remembered her adolescent years as a time of many changes, “high school was a roller coaster, and I think it is for every teenager. I had so many different clothing and hair styles; even friends moved on frequently, you realize you’re not into the same things.” Peer relationships plays a very important role in this stage of development as the adolescent tries to answer the question “Who am I?” The adolescent is making a search for identity, they are experimenting and they begin to realize things about themselves that help them form an idea of who they are and what they want in life. According to Erikson, healthy resolution of the earlier conflicts now serves as a foundation in the teenager’s search for an identity. A strong sense of self-control and feeling of independence is the result of a positive resolution of this stage. Unsuccessful resolution of this life stage will lead to what Erikson called role confusion; these individuals will lack a feeling of self, they may drift from job to job and jump from one relationship to another, not knowing what they really want in
Identity often refers to a sort of desperate quest or a deliberately confused search through both a mental and moral experience. However, Erikson approaches this idea as an experience that will almost be a surprise that sneaks up on one, rather than something that can be found. The process of identity formation is located in the core of an individual, and also in the core of ones communal culture. This process is ever changing and developing, but reaches a crisis during the stage of adolescence. At the earliest stage of the identity crisis there is an important need for trust in oneself and others. Adolescents, at this stage, look passionately for ideas to place faith in, and additionally, ideas, which seem worthwhile to prove trustworthy. Erikson explains, “at the same time the adolescent fears a foolish, all too trusting commitment, and will, paradoxically, express his need for faith in loud and cynical mistrust” (Erikson, p. 252). This stage of identity formation is very confusing to youth because of the pull between childhood and adulthood. The adolescent undergoes and inner struggle of whether they wish to follow certain morals and beliefs, and the fear of committing to a specific identity. The second stage establishes the necessity of being defined by what one can will freely. The adolescent is now looking for an opportunity to decide freely on one of the available or unavoidable duty and service, and is at the same time terrified of being forced to engage in activities, which may expose one to ridicule. This further adds to the confusion of adolescents and identity formation. An adolescent is torn between acting shamelessly in the eyes of his or her elders, out of free choice, than to be forced into activities t...
...the ages of 12 and continues to age 18. During the fifth stage, teenagers are determined to find their individualism and place in our world that will carry them into young adulthood. At a point in this stage I was struggling to discover what it is that I am destined to do with my life. I even remember asking myself, “Who Am I?” I wanted to ostracize myself from my siblings and parents, so I made a conscious search in order to find out whom I really was. I developed a conscious decision that allows me to be who I want to be without worrying about other peoples thoughts and opinions, and I found that I enjoy things like playing soccer, driving, philanthropy; so I excelled. By the end of my senior year in High School I had discovered my cultural, and personal identity as a member of society and was prepared to match the obstacles and challenges that life has to offer.
During this time, people will find themselves facing the task of self-discovery. Everything from what they believe in, what they want in life, to discovering who they are as a person (Santrock 2014). Technically, I am still in this stage. I remember facing many questions like where I wanted to go to school, what I wanted to study, and even questions on what kind of lifestyle I wanted to live. During the times these questions were usually asked, I was extremely insecure. I felt like I didn’t belong anywhere and that I wasn’t pretty enough. As I progressed through this stage I started to see what really made me happy and where I wanted to fit in with society. An increase of independence can lead to better interactions with schools, neighborhoods, and communities (Sokol 2009). I started to get involved with student senate, Dance Company, and community service during the earlier years of adolescents. I didn’t start out doing these things but I had to adapt and change to participating in things that didn’t make me feel uncomfortable. I have had more than one identity crisis; I went from being a total stoner, to partying/drinking every day, joining the Mormon religion, practicing Buddhism, and then to wanting to live in a van for the rest of my life. As I reach the end of this developmental stage, I have a sense of self. I have learned to respect others regardless of differing factors like religion. In Erikson’s theory of Psych-Social development, I successfully made it through this developmental period and gained the skills necessary to
Erik Erikson, a German-born American who is a well known developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst, established the grand theory of psychosocial development. Throughout his theory, persistently stresses that one’s personality advances non-stop throughout the duration of several differential stages. Erikson’s theory also goes in depth to explain the immense impact of social experiences in one’s lifespan. The main element that is produced from his theory of psychosocial development is essentially ego identity. Ego identity can be defined as a sense of self, or better, the knowledge of one’s self that forms through a process within all social interaction. Contemporary
I have always viewed my life in simple stages. For example, I knew I wanted to graduate high school, go to college, have a career, be in a relationship, and eventually start a family. However, I never thought of my life in the stages that Erik Erikson describes in his psychosocial theory of development. In his theory, Erikson describes eight stages of development starting in the first year of life and ending in late adulthood. These different stages attempt to explain the psychosocial obstacles we encounter at each developmental milestone, who we are most influenced by, and what internal questions we might need to answer. How people chose to confront these different obstacles can effect how healthy or unhealthy development might be.
For nearly fifty years Erikson 's psychosocial theory has provided an essential framework in understanding the role of adolescence in life-course development, especially the crises of identity and intimacy and their achievement. During adolescence, we are confronted with “the need to resolve the crises of identity versus identity diffusion and intimacy versus isolation” (Meacham & Santilli). Because it is a volatile stage of development, many changes are taking place during this part of the lifecycle, including deciding who to be with, who we are and what our roles are in society.
The first stage of “Basic trust vs. mistrust” occurs during infancy (birth to 18th months old). At this stage, infants need to form a loving, trusting relationship with the caregiver, or there will be a risk of developing a mistrust and insecurity about the world. For me, I had a favorable outcome for this stage because my needs to survive, including food, love, warmth, safety, and nurturing were all met. For instance, because my mother was at home taking care of me, she was able to sensitively and appropriately respond to me whenever I cried for attention and food. This could be connected with my securely attached behaviors with my parents in the further stages. Thus,
The purpose of this paper is to identify James Marcia’s identity status theory and how it pertains to the author 's life during adolescence and early adulthood. The author will reflect as well as address the four statuses of development. Noting that Marcia’s theory has proven to be an effective and dependable tool in helping to determine the status of the identity development in adolescents.
In the article Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development it talks about how Erikson focuses and breaks down each developing stage off personality in a persons life. His ideas and thoughts about this were highly influenced by the great Sigmund Freud, however Freud was an id psychologist where as Erikson was an ego psychologist. This meant Erikson glorified the role of culture and society and problems that can take place within the ego, unlike Freud who focused on the conflict between the id and the superego of a person. Erikson came up with a lifespan model of development of taking five stages up to the age of 18 and the three more stages into adulthood. These stages are somewhat guidelines on how to successfully establish