Environmental Change and "Bounded" Cultures
Viewing “‘cultures’ as shared, bounded wholes, relating to single, static environments” is a deceptive perspective in global environmental science today. As “global environmental problems have local environmental impacts,” the way that scientists think of local indigenous communities affects the relevancy of any international aid a global scientific community can offer (209). Ultimately, “environmentally benign beliefs translate into environmentally benign practice,” and unless scientists overcome predispositions about the inertness of culture, any valuable international relationship towards a “common future” will be lost (215, 222).
As with other indigenous languages around the world, local West African languages entail political significance in terms of relationship between land and farmer. Such political terms “do not translate easily into those of Western environmental science,” and appreciation for their meaning requires an authentic “globalization of environmental discourse” (211, 222). Because foreign scientists have no knowledge of the West African “cultural embeddedness” of language and land, they are often unaware of the “enduring links” between contemporary West African farmers and their ancestors who once worked the same plot of earth. Invariably, contemporary global sciences evaluate indigenous environmental practices “only on their own [Western] terms,” and do not allow for reinterpretation of ideas that could inform care of the earth (224).
A limited understanding of indigenous practices also promotes the “repackaging” of local knowledges as “romanticized notions,” allowing Westerners to invent their own interpretations of what is “traditional” and ultimately “suppress local creativity” (211). In “the imposition of global orthodoxies and analysis” upon “environmental values and notions of sustainability” in Non-Western cultures, Western scientists infringe “not only on local livelihoods but also on cultural freedom” of fellow human beings (224). The scientific power of a dominant culture in defining the environmental practices of other cultures limits our international potential for environmental sustainability, as it limits the voices and legitimate contributions of indigenous societies.
The political reality of “globally defined environmental agendas” simply does not reflect the agendas of every community around the globe, rather, it reflects “the priorities of those in positions of power” (Leach and Fairhead 210).
Breidlid, Anders. "Culture, Indigenous Knowledge Systems And Sustainable Development: A Critical View Of Education In An African Context." International Journal Of Educational Development 29.2 (2009): 140-148. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 May 2014.”
Researchers have found a way to connect sleep with education. Gary Scarpello who wrote "Lack Of Sleep Could Be Trouble For CTE Students” , did a research study with liberty mutual showed that teens had an average of 7.2 hours of sleep on school nights and 33 to 75 % of all students have sleep problems. In the article it had stated that not getting enough sleep can cause impaired hand eyed coordination, reaction time and brief mental lapses. (Scarpello). The same researchers also found out that Sleep helps restores brain functions such as alertness, metabolism, and memory and regulate hormones (Scarpello). Researchers Mary A. Carskardon and A.R. Wolfson studied 3,120 Rhode Island children. They had figured out that college students who slept more than nine hours a night had a gr...
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Bulliet, Richard W. Earth and Its Peoples: a Global History. 5th ed. Vol. 1. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2011. Print.
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Fact: Cigar lovers come from all walks of like. The majority are ordinary people who enjoy smoking a good cigar with their good friends from time to time.
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In “Indigenous Women, Climate Change Impacts, and Collective Action,” Kyle Whyte targets the idea that the indigenous women’s roles in their communities provide them with responsibilities and motivate them to pursue leadership positions. This concept is important in a way that it frames their actual and potential experiences of climate change impacts. Whyte explains that climate-induced variations are caused by “political orders rooted in colonialism, industrialization, imperialism, and globalization to which many indigenous people are subject.” (p. 604) Because society holds indigenous women in a certain position which labels their cultural understandings as responsibilities to the earth’s living, nonliving, and spiritual beings and, more
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Nozick’s central claim is that any sort of patterned distribution will have a significant effect on liberty. First, Nozick’s idea of a “patterned distribution” needs to be separated from the notion of “unpatterned distribution”. Obviously, patterned distribution adheres to an unspecific pattern. Nozick’s own theory in itself is unpatterned, a theory that suggests that each person acquisition of goods have been acquired through legitimate means. Nozick’s conception of “legitimate means” is manifested through his Entitlement Theory. The Entitlement Theory ...
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The development of environmental regimes involves a five-fold process. The first process is the agenda setting and issue definition stage, which identifies and brings attention to an issue to the international community. Secon...
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