Emphysema
Emphysema is a condition in which there is over-inflation of
structures in the lungs known as alveoli or air sacs. This
over-inflation results from a breakdown of the walls of the alveoli,
which causes a decrease in respiratory function (the way the lungs
work) and often, breathlessness.
Early symptoms of emphysema include shortness of breath and cough.
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis together comprise chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD).
HOW SERIOUS IS EMPHYSEMA?
Emphysema is a widespread disease of the lungs. Close to 3 million
Americans have been diagnosed with emphysema.
Emphysema ranks 15th among chronic conditions that contribute to
activity limitations: almost 44 percent of individuals with emphysema
report that their daily activities have been limited by the disease.
Men tend to have higher rates of emphysema. In 2001, the emphysema
prevalence rate was 40% higher in males compared to females.
CAUSES OF EMPHYSEMA
It is known from scientific research that the normal lung has a
remarkable balance between two classes of chemicals with opposing
action. The elastic fibers in the lung allow the lungs to expand and
contract. When the chemical balance is altered, the lungs lose the
ability to protect themselves against the destruction of these elastic
fibers. This is what happens in emphysema.
There are a number of reasons this chemical imbalance occurs. Smoking
is responsible for the majority (80% - 90%) of COPD (chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease) cases, including emphysema.
In addition, it is estimated that 50,000 to 100,000 Americans liv...
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..., especially for those who have
AAT deficiency, the inherited form of emphysema.
Maintain overall good health habits, which include proper nutrition,
adequate sleep,and regular exercise to build up your stamina and
resistance to infections.
Reduce your exposure to air pollution, which may aggravate symptoms of
emphysema. Refer to radio or television weather reports or your local
newspaper for information about air quality. On days when the ozone
(smog) level is unhealthy, restrict your activity to early morning or
evening. When pollution levels are dangerous, remain indoors and stay
as comfortable as possible.
Consult your doctor at the start of any cold or respiratory infection
because infection can make your emphysema symptoms worse. Ask about
getting vaccinated against influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia.