Elaboration Likelihood Model of Richard Petty & John Cacioppo
According to Daniel J. O'Keefe in his article, "Elaboration Likelihood Model," it is important to know there are two classes of factors that influence how much a receiver will engage in elaboration. The first is the receiver's motivation to engage in elaboration and the second is their ability to engage. I now want to look more in depth of what factors affect a receiver's motivation and ability.
For a receiver to be motivated he/she must be involved in the topic. How relevant is the topic to the receiver? When an issue is personally relevant the receiver's motivation will increase. A second factor that affects receiver motivation is when a message is presented by multiple communicators with multiple arguments. When this happens, elaboration motivation increases.
When an individual has a tendency to engage in and enjoy thinking this means they have a high need for cognition. A person's motivation will increase if they have a high need for cognition. It is also stated that a person with high cognition will b...
We are all aware of sugar, the sweet delicious substance commonly used in food and beverages, but table sugar is not the only sugar there is. There are many artificial sugars that many people now-a-days aren’t aware of. In this research paper I will be identifying four different types of synthetic sugars which are: Saccharin, Aspartame, Sucralose, and Sodium cyclamate. Synthetic sugars, or artificial sweeteners, have both positive and negative effects that can either make a big impact in our body or a small impact. Synthetic sugars can be used in many ways but are most commonly used in regular everyday foods and beverages or they can be mixed with other artificial sweeteners. Synthetic sugars tend to look very similar to real sugar so sometimes it may be hard to distinguish them with the naked eye.
Motivation comes in all different forms, and it depends on how a person perceives it. Motivation can be anything, and affects each person differently. A person can have multiple ways of inspiration that encourage them to succeed. A person has to be at the right place in the right time, and it’s just a matter of finding it.
Intrinsic motivation has several advantages over extrinsic motivation. First of all, intrinsically motivated learners are more likely to select challenging tasks. Second, evidence suggested that learners gain more knowledge when they read material that they consider intrinsically interesting. Third, the conditions that support intrinsic motivation also promote greater creativity and better conceptual learning. Fourth, intrinsic motivation is associated with greater pleasure and more active involvement in activities.” (p.
Today in our society, we have many movies, books, and comics about superheroes and their amazing quests and adventures. To be recognized as a “hero,” these characters must defeat the evil villain, a force of anti-civilization, much like the homeric hero Odysseus in The Odyssey by Homer. This epic poem is about Odysseus and his ten year journey home from the Trojan War during which he is away from his wife Penelope and son Telemachus. Odysseus encounters many challenges on his way home and must deal with many anti-civilized forces including Cyclops and the goddess Circe. Although he receives help along the way, Odysseus faces some of his greatest challenges on using his own personal judgement. Eventually, Odysseus returns home and he and Telemachus deal with the suitors, all of which have been disrespectful and rowdy during his absence. Through fighting the forces of anti-civilization and maintaining arête when battling the Cyclops and Circe, Odysseus proves he is truly an epic hero.
Which states that motivation is affected by the cognitive processes, which to me means that if you have a growth mindset you are more likely to be motivated to do something, because you are not looking for praise or a reward. Also if you have a fixed mindset with the cognitive theory of motivation you will be discourage and not motivated to so whatever you need to
Jerusalem has had a long and horrible history with many different political and religious occupations leading up to the Crusades and even after. Jerusalem is a very important city in human history amongst its various leaders and various occurrences.
What is motivation? According to text, motivation is defined as a set of factors that activate, direct, and maintain behavior, usually toward a certain goal. Motivation is the energy that makes us do things: this is a result of our individual needs being satisfied so that we have inspiration to complete the mission. These needs vary from person to person as everybody has their individual needs to motivate themselves. Depending on how motivated we are, it may further determine the effort we put into our work and therefore increase the standard of the productivity. There have been a wide variety of theories about motivation developed over the years. Several are drive-reduction theory, arousal theory, psychosocial (both incentive and cognitive) theory, and Maslow’s H...
When someone tries to persuade others to join in thinking or believing something, a process takes place. Those receivers of the information are to process what the source is saying and in turn decide whether or not to go along with the idea. But what if people do not always process information, and what if they merely go with the crowd? The Elaboration Likelihood Theory (ELM) developed by Social psychologists Petty and Cacioppo, illustrates how persuasion, or the presentation of facts in order to move someone or thing a certain way, takes place. This model “analyzes the likelihood that receivers will cognitively elaborate,” in other words break down the information gathered and determine whether or not the message is enough to persuade the receiver (Enfante, Rancer & Avtgis, 2010, p. 172).
Current Directions in Psychological Science 15.5 (2006): 265-68. Print. The.
Proponents of the use of High Fructose Corn Syrup in food say that it is almost same as sugar. Both the High Fructose Corn Syrup and sugar contain same amount of calories. So, how is High Fruc...
Motivation is the reason or purpose behind action, or what causes one to act in a particular manner. Motivation can either be intrinsic or extrinsic in nature, yet it rests solely within the power of the individual actor to be motivated (or not) by intrinsic and extrinsic motivators. Motivation is an extremely important topic of discussion in the larger discourse on leadership. It is important because it provides the basis for human action, or inaction. Leaders must be able to understand what motivates their followers in a hope to use that knowledge to guide them to behave in a certain way that is beneficial for the organization. To do so, it behooves leaders to understand the basic concepts and theories of motivation that abound.
Throughout the ages, humans have had an inherent interest in studying the complex area of human behaviour, even before psychology was established as a science. Because the study of behaviour is so broad and multifaceted, its scientific study poses particular challenges. Therefore, it can be beneficial to approach the scientific study of human behaviour from the perspective of cognitive psychology. This is the study of cognition, the mental processes that underlie human behaviour (Ling & Cattling, 2012).
Edited by Raymond J. Corsini. Encyclopedia of Psychology, Second Edition, Volume 1. New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Jerome S. B. , Goodnow J. J. and Austin G.A. (1967) Overview ( p.231-247):In A study of thinking . John Wiley and Sons Ltd, USA
According to Greenberg (1999), motivation is defined “as a process of arousing, directing and maintaining behavior towards a goal.” Where “directing” refers to the selection of a particular behavior; and ‘maintenance” refers to the inclination to behave with consistency in that manner until the desired outcome is met.