Egypt plays an extremely significant role as one of the major powers in the Middle East. Egyptian force in the Arab world stems from the strength of its cultural life which makes it extremely difficult to be ignored. The book, “Egypt under Mubarak” features essays from seven different authors, which examine the causes and consequences of the many crises Egypt has faced. Mubarak comes into power taking upon himself the previous Egyptian political, sociological, and economic problems left by Sadat and Nasser. The present administration attempts to fix these problems by employing Egypt's significant resources in the forming of a distinct and effective international role.
Vice President Hosni Mubarak succeeded Sadat as president. After Sadat was assassinated, Mubarak took upon himself not only regular presidential duties, but also many political crises and conflicts that were already at hand needed to be addressed. Mubarak’s rule has been based on a low key, business-like style, which, in addition to its reputation for integrity and clean-handedness, was quite cautious and reserved in its approach to issues and problems.
Mubarak promised to stress stability in foreign policy and to advance the Egyptian economic condition. One of his first acts was to release the politicians who Sadat had jailed. While maintaining Egypt’s close ties with the United States, Mubarak also pursued closer ties with other Arab countries and kept his distance from Israel, thus avoiding potential conflicts with the nation, unlike his predecessors. By 1987 most Arab states had restored their diplomatic ties with Egypt; it was readmitted to the Arab League in 1989 and the league's headquarters was moved back to Cairo.
Within Egypt, the government continue...
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...cause most they focus primarily on fact rather than opinion, the material tends to be dry and hard to read. When looking for book reviews, I found only two which were extremely short and did not even address the content. Even when I tried to check websites like Amazon, there were zero results. My guess is that there have been improved, up to date books written about Mubarak.
I am sure many recent books have been published on the same topics which are easier to read. The wording used in these essays is a little tough, probably because three of the writers are Arabic writers who may have had their work translated, therefore losing the flowing effect of the words. If someone was reading about Mubarak and Egyptian policy out of interest, I would definitely tell them to find another book, especially since the hard facts from this book I am sure are used in newer ones.
a step towards democracy. Egypt is in the ancient, sacred and conservative Middle East. Egyptians are cheering for their own political aspirations as they overthrew Mubarak’s dictatorship, and are gradually making efforts to establish a democratic and peaceful country. Egypt was known as a totalitarian state. From Dickerson (2010), totalitarianism is a modern form of despotic rule in which the state undertakes to remake society according to an ideological design. Mubarak matched that definition and
uprisings, and revolutions. In Cleveland and Bunton book, he mentioned that in order to understand the recent uprisings in Arab countries like Tunisia, Egypt and others, we need to reflect to the history of Europe in general (Cleveland & Bunton, 2017, p.538). The European history has a lot to do with the modern Middle East. The uprisings in Egypt have made changes in their government. The use of social media such as Facebook and Twitter made the people aware of what is going on around them. This
have been occurring in the Arab World due to discontent with government, human rights violations, poverty, and other factors. Countries where this is an issue include Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, and Sudan. One of the countries hit hardest by the revolution was Egypt. What is often called “the spark that started it all,” occurred on December 17, 2011 in Tunisia. A street vendor named Mohamed Bouazizi set himself on fire to protest the corruption
change and continuities occurred within the legal system and political processes in Egypt before as well as after Mohamed Morsi’s control of Egypt. These events have eventuated due to the happenings of the government and the Egyptian citizens. These changes and continuities have impacted on Egyptian society both negatively and positively. The dictatorship of President Hosni Mubarak continued for three decades in Egypt. Autocracy, police brutality, radically skewed distribution of nation’s wealth, youth
building-The Yacoubian Building- is an art deco apartment block, and all Egyptians live - from the rich to the poor who live on its top floor. In the recent past, Egypt has been rogue by a series of demonstration and violation of human rights. Contemporary Egypt seems to have regress from its original state to the present torn down state. Egypt therefore, is marred by a myriad number of problems. The realism and the forthrightness of the film captures the frustrations and disappointments of the Egyptian
thousands of people, including former Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak. The incidences in Egypt were particularly phenomenon as a less significant protest by youths at Cairo’s Tahrir Square soon became viral and attracted thousands of protesters that finally lad to the change of guard in the leadership of Egypt. All not violent activities are only supported if they are aimed at achieving common good and are justifiable. The revolt in Egypt was triggered by the young people given the fact that they are
unfairness of the government. Hosni Mubarak had been in power for 30 years nearly half a lifetime of control. There were multiple attempts to remove him from power, but they were stopped with military force. Near the end of his rule he began to express excessive control of the politics of his people. Declaring that no religious associated groups would be able to hold any political power, with this law he eliminated his biggest rival, the Muslim Brotherhood. Up until 2005 Mubarak did not allow for anyone to
a great chance for me to know more about the history of my country that I know a few about. It is not closely related to my project. The idea of building a National Library in Cairo was ordered by Khedive Ismail with the contribution of Ali Pasha Mubarak. Muhammad Ali came right after the Mamluk were weakened. They were from the Ottoman Empire which is Turkey. Khedive Ismail was born in Al Musafir Khana Palace in Cairo. He was the second of three sons of Ibrahim Pasha, the grandson of the Albanian
Egypt before Imperialism Egypt has one of the longest histories of any nation in the world. Written history of Egypt dates back to about 5,000 years, the commencement of civilization. While there is divergence in relation to Early Egyptian times, it is said that Egypt came to be around 3200 B.C., during the reign of a king by the name of Menes and unified the northern and southern cities of Egypt into one government. In 1675 B.C., Egypt was invaded by the Hyksos, people from the east, bringing along
system. Revolutions are a part of our history, they shaped the world we live in, some revolutions did not work, but the ones that succeeded, changed those nations for the best. For example, Arab Springs, the people were tired of how President Mubarak was running their country, so they revolted in protest. There was also the French Revolution, where the third estate started a revolution because they were unhappy with the old régime and how they were being treated. In Animal Farm by George Orwell
A revolution has begun by the people in the Middle East against their long time dictators. The domino effect began first with Tunisia then Egypt, Bahrain, Yemen, and Libya. Thousands of protestors were gathered on the streets with posters, shouting for change and democracy. Why would there be protests unless the people are unsatisfied with the way the country is governed. Why would they go against their dictator unless they feel they have no rights and that they have no voice. Unlimited power should
Egyptian Revolution demanded the overthrow of the Egyptian President, Hosni Mubarak, as a result of his unfair ruling for 30 years. He is now seen as a “Dictator”. According to ABC News, Mubarak got most of his money from military contracts when he was an air force officer. "The business ventures from his military and g... ... middle of paper ... ...ed in one voice and called for the instant resignation of Both Husni Mubarak and Mohaamad Mursi. Their persistent chanting and their determination finally
The Arab Spring Uprisings are political protests against the governments of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, Morocco, and Jordan. (Manfreda, ) The protests began in Tunisia when a vegetable vendor set himself on fire in protest of the actions of the government. This incident is said to have been the “spark” that fueled the action of the people to overthrow their governments. This region is being watched by every country in the world. The world is watching to see how it will affect
government and economy. The new president could make changes that will positively affect Egypt in the long run. By making a change to the country’s leader, more changes following that will be made to help improve the country, which is why change can be a good thing. The Space Race, Berlin Wall collapse, and regaining trade with China are good examples from the Cold War of how change can be a good thing. The crisis in Egypt is a good modern-day example. From the Cold War, a major lesson that we can learn
When most people think of Egypt, images of barren deserts, towering pyramids, and ancient Pharaohs are the usual. However, almost 4 years ago a new face of Egypt was shown to the world, a face of the people. On January 25th, 2011 the Egyptian populace joined together in an attempt to overthrow Authoritarian President Hosni Mubarak by overtaking Tahrir Square in protest. The documentary The Square ,by director Jehane Noujaim, follows Khalid Abdalla, Ahmed Hassan, Ramy Essam, Magdy Ashour, and many