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Multinational companies Challenges
Challenges in multinational corporations
Challenges in multinational corporations
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The effect of globalization on business worldwide cannot be overstated. The phenomenon of the world becoming a global village has led to the rise of multinational enterprises (MNEs). As Kleinert (2001) aptly states, “MNEs are the vehicles that have fostered international trade, international knowledge transfer and technological advancement.”
The very existence of a “multinational” entity implies the need for the business to span across diverse cultural beliefs, languages and norms .It is thus imperative that cultural diversity is considered closely when forging business strategies of MNEs.
Undoubtedly, various factors have contributed significantly to the ascent of MNEs. A factor such as the increased prominence of the internet has brought about easy access to information especially in business decision making and in gaining access to prospective consumers. Also, technological advancement has aided the creation of MNEs. This is because easy machines for communication, fast travel and advertisement have helped allow business owners to have good control of their business from anywhere they find themselves worldwide. Another pivotal factor said to aid MNE business success is the MNE’s ability to adopt the local language of its host country in advertisement, recruitment and sales. Meija and Palich (1997) buttress this point by stating that “The host country’s language is the most distinctive cultural feature that an MNE must leverage on when seeking business success in a foreign country.”
The effect of the differences in cultural beliefs and arrangements in various countries suggests that the factors to consider when starting and managing an existing MNE differ from place to place. In terms of the above mentioned factors, cultural ...
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...ssful business terrain upon entry.
Works Cited
Kleinert, J. (2001), “The Role of Multinational Enterprises in Globalization: An Empirical Overview,” Kiel Working Papers No. 1069(2001) 1-32. Available at: http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=The+Role+of+multinational+enterprises+in+globalization&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=&as_vis=0 Accessed: 3rd March, 2012.
Gomes- Meija, L. R. and Palich, L.E. (1997), “Cultural diversity and the performance of multinational firms.” Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 28, No. 2 (2nd Qtr. 1997), pp. 309-335. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp Accessed: 3rd March, 2012.
MTN Online Website (2010), “MTN Reassures Nigerians of Enhanced Customer Service.” Available at: http://www.mtnonline.com/news/general/mtn-reassures-nigerians-of-enhanced-customer-service Accessed: 3rd March, 2012.
Markusen, J., & Maskus, K. (2001). General-equilibrium approaches to the multinational firm: A review of theory and evidence. Retrieved from website: http://www.columbia.edu/~dew35/PDF files/GeneralEquilibrium.pdf
Cultural diversity can bring tangible benefits to an organization who is ready to foster, maintained, and value the difference in cultures. The marketplace is becoming more competitive, many business executives are expanding and developing new ideas, products and services beyond their usual culture or environment. A diverse workforce will help to understand the need and interest of another culture within and outside of the region. Thereby helping the company to expand globally, acquire more business opportunities, provide opportunities to create an excellent, diverse customer base and remain compe...
When describing the need and path that business organizations require to stay competitive and successful in their local and global markets, cultural diversity will always require attention. Business organizations will not only understand and respond to the needs of its customers, but it will also ensure its survival and productive workforce.
The purpose of this research is to provide a substantial assessment/explanation/analysis of the degree to which the McDonald’s operates based on a universal cultural or whether it is most strongly influenced by the national culture of that country. The researcher will explain how McDonald’s uses diversity and organizational initiatives to contribute to the corporate bottom line. Finally, the researcher will evaluate the company’s bottom-line rationale for diversity initiatives.
Today, many companies enter the global market, and some companies have become extremely successful in the global marketplace and others still struggling. In Theodore Levitt’s article “The Globalization of Markets”, he states that a well managed corporation focuses on selling standardized products with high quality and low priced instead of focuses on selling on customized products with high cost. Levitt defines the differences between multinational corporation and global corporation, and adopts many specific examples to proves his view. He defines the multinational corporation who operates in many countries and adjust its product based on the taste of specific region. This will result in a high cost to produce the product because company have to input more resource into each individual product. However, global corporation sells similar product worldwide at relative low cost. According to Levitt, the cultural differences are becoming more and more “homogenized”; therefore, becoming a global corporation will lead to the successful of the company in the global market.
The concept of diversity is very broad and it covers many definitions. We can say that, above all, diversity is a characteristic feature of our world and the reality of the society around us. A reality that in recent years has been reinforced by economic globalization, and the mobilization of markets and people. More and more people move around the world, bringing their culture and personal experience. For our society, cultural diversity is a fact that in many years it has become very evident largely due to the incorporation of immigrants. In the case of a business, cultural diversity can bring a number of positive elements such as creativity, innovative spirit, commitment, responsibility, knowledge, experience, etc. However, very often, cultural diversity is interpreted in stereotypes and prejudices. And in a way, more or less open, people are considered different in many cases subject to negative consideration. In most cases, this means that cultural diversity is associated with difficulties and problems and more positive side is not contemplated.
As a conclusion international business best described as a Globalization. A globalizing business sector advertises viability through rivalry and the division of the work it permits individuals and economies to keep tabs on what they specialize in. It also allows people to go globally. Globalization has stretched the assets, items, administrations and markets accessible to individuals. The increasing set of reliant connections around individuals from distinctive parts of a world that happens to be separated into countries
A multinational enterprise (MNE) is an organization that has a worldwide approach to markets and production or one with operations in more than a country. An MNE is often called multinational corporation (MNC) or transnational company (TNC). Well known MNCs include fast food companies such as McDonald's and Yum Brands, vehicle manufacturers such as General Motors, Ford Motor Company and Toyota, consumer electronics companies like Samsung, LG and Sony, and energy companies such as ExxonMobil, Shell and BP. Most of the largest corporations operate in multiple national markets.
Regardless of the success of your company on a national scale, to engage yourself in a successful venture outside of your borders requires several critical elements that one must acknowledge and apply with great care. One of those requirements would be to thoroughly research the cultural environment in which you wish to launch your product no matter how popular and indispensable you believe it might be. In the past, many national giants have hit the wall when introducing a foreign market or launching a new marketing campaign because of the cultural gap they encountered on the other side of their borders. Another way of preventing a flop on an international market is to carefully study the economical past of this country, which might differ quite a bit from the one the company flourished in. In addition to the previous precautions, it Would be advise to make sure that your product will blend seamlessly within the spending habits of the consumers. Overall, meticulous market studies and patience often constitute the way to success on a foreign soil.
Lewis (2012) suggests that multinational corporations should purpose to fill the ranks since the deviations and differences are a reflection of the culturally diverse global market. The global market serves diverse customers of different nationalities and incorporates the ideas from a diverse human resource pool in the formulation of policies and directives to determine the operations of a multinational organization; this is the most promising way for MNCs such as Microsoft. An international organization should bank on diversity since the rewards it ploughs back from the international exchanges of ideas and skills are more significant and are more of an advantage than a shortcoming. The three cultural divisions of organizational cultures reflect the differential of people’s lifestyles despite all of them being human beings (Lewis, 2012). Organizations, just like human beings, organize their operations to conform to values
Understand and heed cultural differences - cultural variables in transacting international business. (1991, January 28). Business America. FindArticles.com., Retrieved March 20, 2009, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1052/is_n2_v112/ai_10412261/pg_4?tag=content;col1
Modern society is dominated by multinational corporations. In the past 30 years there has been unprecedented development of transnational corporations (TNC), which is “any corporation that is registered and operates in more than one country at a time” (Transnational). Now, there are more than 63,000 TNCs, while there were only 7,000 in 1970. That is more than 900% growth in TNCs in only a few decades. Even more startling, 70% of all trade, includes at least one of these TNCs (Basic).
Firstly, multinational corporations are not something new in this 21st century. There are more and more international corporation as people try to boost the process of globalization. The development of these multinational corporations depends on the management of the owners. Transnational strategy is needed in order to operate such a big system of companies. Every nation in this system has to be managed thoroughly in order to help running the corporation, as well as to keep the system as one consistent body of business. Managers also find it important to look for opportunitie...
Sonderberg, A-M & N Holden. (2002), Rethinking cross cultural management in a globalizing business world' International Journal of Cross Culture Management 2(1): 103-121
Stonehouse, G., Campbell, D., Hamill, J. & Purdie, T. (2004). Global and Transnational Business (2nd ed.). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.