Effects Of Juvenile Delinquency

When it comes to the topic of juveniles, several things are thought to cause, create, or increase the likelihood of delinquency occurring; some of these factors include relationships with friends and family, school and fellow peers, as well as everyday stress and strain. In the present paper, the effect that parents have on their children is examined; it is hypothesized that juveniles whose parents are, or have ever been, incarcerated will have a higher chance of engaging in delinquency. The following seven literature reviews attempt to demonstrate and support the hypothesis. The first set of articles used focuses on the incarcerated parents, different risk factors, as well as homeliness of the juveniles. In the first research article (Dannerbeck),

The fourth article (Mumola) described how the injury to social networks is a counterbalance to claims that removing criminals may benefit their relatives by relieving the family of problems caused by the offenders’ antisocial behavior. The type of offender has changed as a result of sentencing reforms that impose harsh prison terms for relatively minor drug offenses. Increasing incarceration of one-time nonviolent offenders, who are likely to have valuable ties to community networks and institutions, means the loss to communities is greater today in terms of quality and quantity. A report done by the Bureau of Justice Statistics on “Incarcerated Parents and their Children” reveals the disruption of family ties. In 1999, a majority of states and federal prisons reported having a child under the age of 18, and almost half lived with their children prior to incarceration. About 2% of the nations children— 1.5 million adolescents— has or had a parent in prison that year. 7% of black children had a parent in prison in 1999, making them nearly 9 times more likely to have an incarcerated parent than white children. According to the fifth article (Clear, Rose, Ryder), prior research has established that the characteristics of “places” are an important aspect of public safety and local quality of life. Growth in the rates of incarceration

In the sixth article, the authors go into detail regarding the increasing number of children with incarcerated parents, and how this group constitutes perhaps one of the largest at-risk populations in the United States. Both short-term and long-term effects of parental incarceration are difficult to quantify; however, the current literature indicates that this population is negatively responding to major shifts in family structure, and is vulnerable to economic stress and adverse interpersonal issues. Service providers are seeking appropriate intervention strategies to address the resultant issues of parental incarceration. The paper supports the literature on the potential implications parental incarceration has on children, and discusses service providers’ concerted efforts to allay the consequences. Recommendations for appropriate data collection and identification of relevant gender, developmental, and cultural interventions were provided. The last article (Burns, Kramer, Phillips, Robbins, Wagner) argues that certain policies need to be in place for children with incarcerate parents. The Bureau of Justice Statistics estimates that approximately 1 in every 50 youth in the U.S. had a parent in State or Federal prison in 1999. Studies of children of incarcerated parents suggest that these youth are at risk for experiencing emotional and behavioral problems. Using a sample of 258 adolescents receiving