Effective Instructions on Recall

2000 Words4 Pages
bulb-icon

Recommended: • Factors for Selecting Instructional Strategies

Effective Instructions on Recall

Abstract

A study was conducted involving fifty students, randomly selected,

that learned three lists of ten nouns. It was expected that the group

receiving narrative instructions would score higher than the group

receiving the repetition instructions. Two minutes was allowed for

each list. The control group was assigned to learn the list of words

by repeating them. The other group was randomly distributed tests with

instructions that said to make a narrative out of the nouns given in

order, so that they could be recalled in that order. The test was

conducted to confirm that instructions would aid the processes of

retention and recall in memory, according to the levels of processing

theory. It was found that the hypothesis was supported and the mean of

the control group was 10.80 and the mean of the narrative group was

20.44 out of 30.00. The F ratio was higher than 2.7, displaying that

the groups had significantly different results. The results are

discussed based upon past research, implications for future research,

implications in other fields or in practice and limitations of the

experiment.

Effective Instructions on Recall

================================

Memory is the mental faculty of retaining and recalling past

experiences. It is what allows us to function and complete many

difficult tasks. Memory is also the crucial element in learning new

information and because it is so important to almost every aspect of

our lives; memory has become the subject of heavy research.

Psychologists today study the processes of memory to discover learning

methods that enhance the ability t...

... middle of paper ...

...ber in lists) to help make

representations of their products more 'meaningful' in our memory. By

combining many forms of pleasure with products companies can further

use (or abuse) our techniques of learning and memory. Further study in

the field of effective instructions on memory recall may open up even

more possibilities, making the life of all students easier and

enhancing the techniques used and overall interaction between teacher

and pupil.

References

Bower, G.H. & Clark, M.C. (1969). Narrative stories as mediators of

serial learning. Psychonomic Science, 14, 181-182.

Craik, F.I.M., & Lockhart, R.S. (1972), Levels of processing: A

framework for memory research, Journal of verbal learning and verbal

behavior, 11, 671-684.

Weiton, W. (2004). Psychology: Themes and variations. Wadsworth:

Toronto.

Show More
Related

  • Semantic Memory In The Movie 'Inside Out'

    985 Words  | 2 Pages

    Mechanical or rote repetition of the information is a great way to remember this information. The more time you spend rehearsing the information the longer the information will be remembered. This is actually a poor way of remembering things because it doesn’t make the information meaningful; “surface processing”. Elaborative Rehearsal is a more effective way of remembering information through “deep processing”, which is relating the information to information you already know. This technique is used in more in the education system than maintenance rehearsal. Even with these two ways to store things we still run into filling errors. Filling errors are where your brain has filed information incorrectly. The final step in the memory process is retrieval. Retrieval is the locating of stored information and returning it into your conscious thoughts. There are a few cues that help us retrieve them, such as priming, context, and state. Priming is the nonconscious identification or words and objects, by referring in to particular representations or associations in the memory just before carrying out the action or task. The memories that come back to your conscious mind when you are in a certain place or area are called context, dependent memories. When you are in a certain emotional state you many retrieve memories of when you were also in that same emotional

    Read More

  • The Magnesium Statue

    1967 Words  | 4 Pages

    == == == == ==

    Read More

  • Julius Caesar's Responsibility for His Own Death in William Shakespeare's Play

    872 Words  | 2 Pages

    == == == == ==

    Read More

  • A Shocking Surprise: Dr. Stanley Milgram

    1036 Words  | 3 Pages

    We will pay five hundred New Haven men to help us complete a scientific study of memory and learning. The study is being done at Yale University. “Each person who participates will be paid $4.00 (plus 50¢ carfare) for approximately 1 hour’s time. We need you for only one hour: there are no further obligations. You may choose the time you would like to co...

    Read More

  • The Pros and Cons of Using Enzymes in Medicine and Industry

    739 Words  | 2 Pages

    == == == == ==

    Read More

  • A Model of Effective Instruction

    682 Words  | 2 Pages

    I would have to contend that the 21st Century learning skills are a model example of effective instruction. In an ever-changing society it goes without saying that our classroom practices will also be revolutionized. In order to successfully prepare a student to enter in to the world outside of high school we must prepare them for the realities that they will encounter. Rotherham & Willingham (2009) state, “… the skills students need in the 21st century are not new” (p.352). Critical thinking, problem solving, the “mastery of different kinds of knowledge”, and multifaceted analysis are all skills that originated with the traditional school setting (p. 352). “What is actually new is the extent to which changes in our economy and world mean that collective and individual success depends on having such skills” (p. 352). With that being said- as our economy and world continue to transform, as educators, we must also renovate our thinking and teaching in order to put our best foot forward; however, some believe that we will never find perfection in the classroom or in preparing our students and that we must not capitulate to every movement we encounter. Senechal (2010) argues that a movement, such as the 21st Century skills movement, is nothing more than a distractor. She acknowledges that our schools “are in need of repair- but we will not improve them by scorning tradition or succumbing to the “claims of the present”” (p. 370). She states that in order to repair the problems that we are to “seek out excellence, nurture it, defend it, and live up to it. We must be willing to lift the levels of the subjects we teach…” (p.370). Perhaps I am reading too much, or too little, into this statement but I would...

    Read More

  • Cognitive Development and Language Skills Development

    2085 Words  | 5 Pages

    == == == == ==

    Read More

  • Practicing Restatement During A Lab Session

    342 Words  | 1 Pages

    It was also no surprise that restatement was the most used intervention skill during the session. I have been using restatement since working at the hotline and felt very comfortable using it during the session. Restatements were used 19 times in the session specifically in Turn 3, 5, 7, 9, 13, 19, 20, 21, 23, 25, 26, 29, 36, 39, 40, 41, 45, 47, and 12. Practicing restatements during lab session has helped me become more proficient in the skill.

    Read More

  • Joshua Foer Analysis

    565 Words  | 2 Pages

    During his training for the USA Memory Championship, Joshua Foer encounters many tools used for memorization, including the mind palace, PAO, and the “Major System.” Foer considers how the quality in humanity’s memory is declining as more and more of the world’s information is becoming externalized, rather than needing people to store information internally. There are those who compete in the Memory Championships who consider themselves to be preserving the lost art of memorization through the many different memory techniques. While these techniques discussed in Moonwalking with Einstein are proven to be very effective by Joshua Foer in the championship, some aspects can also be utilized to improve a memory of an average person in their everyday life.

    Read More

  • Preventing Medication Errors Paper

    300 Words  | 1 Pages

    The Institute of Medicine and its article titled Preventing Medication Errors highlights the dire need that the medical community has in trying to prevent adverse drug events (ADEs). The article listed different ways to attempt to reduce the number of ADEs, some methods including; more extensive provider-patient teamwork and communication, using improvements in technology and prescribing medications, improved labeling for medications, and policy recommendations.

    Read More

  • Memory Synthesis Essay

    468 Words  | 1 Pages

    The photo lineup and physical lineup contributed to the false identification as it led to the misinformation effect. The photos of the suspects were presented next to each other, which led Jennifer to compare between them instead of comparing them to her memory. The same lineup strategy was used to the physical lineup, which led her to believe that one of the suspects was the perpetrator and was inclined to decide which one resembled the most through process of elimination. Her decision took approximately five minutes, much longer than recognition memory that is from 10 to 15 seconds, but because they were in a lineup, she focused on comparing one to the other. Presenting a sequential rather than a simultaneous presentation of the suspects decreases the chances of making a relative judgement

    Read More

  • Learning and Memory Applied

    1221 Words  | 3 Pages

    Learning and memory are fascinating. The world could not function without either. They both are used in many different fashions in a wide variety of places. Learning and Memory have been carefully studied by professionals but are also well known and used by the common people on a daily basis. I am one of those common people, a student who is constantly learning and making the most of my memory. Since enrolling in The Psychology of Learning and Memory class I have come to the realization that I encounter situations in my life that exemplify the very concepts I have studied. I have also learned that it is beneficial to apply the lessons learned in class to my everyday life. Positive reinforcement, learned helplessness and serial recall are a few among many of the learning and memory models that have come to action in my life and in my final reflections surrounding the course.

    Read More

  • Mnemonics Essay

    791 Words  | 2 Pages

    Mnemonics is simply defined as a device that aids in memorizing something. It has a rich history dating back to prehistoric times1. Records have been found from the Greeks in relation to mnemonic devices1. Simonodes of Ceos was a poet who established the mnemonic device of memory by memorizing the seating order of each individual in a banquet hall1. There are many devices of mnemonics. These include music mnemonics, model mnemonics and note organizing mnemonics2. In recent years, mnemonics has been of growing interest in experiments with many scientists and researchers investigating the effects of Mnemonics on certain groups.

    Read More

  • Long Term Memory Study

    558 Words  | 2 Pages

    Well to begin with there are many ways to improve ones memory when it comes to taking a an examination. One of them being the depth of processing. The depth of processing is basically the more deeply we process information the better we tend to remember it. There are three verbal levels, one being visual, phonological and semantic. Visual and phonological are the two most shallow. So, for me to study and remember the information it would need to go into my semantic. A good way semantic can help with remembering information is by emphasizing what you are reading and by doing so it helps you create deeper levels of processing and it would endure longer in your long term memory. A way that memory works is by following the three systems of memory. It has three parts, sensory memory, short-term

    Read More

  • The Direct Instruction Approach

    693 Words  | 2 Pages

    There are various instructional approaches but one that is widely employed by many teachers is the direct instruction approach. This is the classic teaching style that many people remember during K-12 grade school. The teacher would stand in front of the class lecturing while writing on the black board. That is why direct instruction is also known as “Chalk and Talk” (Evans, 2006). Direct instruction is not out of date and is still appropriate in many situations today. The following will discuss direct instruction and a few scenarios in which this teaching approach is appropriate.

    Read More

More about Effective Instructions on Recall

Open Document