Effect of Burning Fossil Fuels on Limestone Buildings
Introduction
Some buildings around cities are made from Limestone. For example the
Minster in York. Over the years some features of the building have
been warn away, this is due to acid rain.
Acid rain has many other effects on life around us. It Also:
* Acidifies Lakes and ponds
* Metal ions being washed out of soil
* Damage to the gill of fish
* Nutrients drained of leaves and soils
* Roots damage to tree leading to poor water intake
Acid rain is created by two main sources
1. Power stations: produce sulphur dioxide and Nitrogen oxides
2. Cars and transport: Cars and Lorries produce Hydrocarbons and
nitrogen oxides.
Aim
The aim of this investigation is to find out if the concentration of
acid in acid rain causes limestone to erode more quickly.
This can be summed up as:-
[IMAGE]Burning of fossil fuels more concentrated Acid Rain
The reaction I will investigate will be between hydrochloric acid and
limestone.
Word Equation
[IMAGE]Calcium + Hydrochloric Calcium + Water + Carbon
Carbonate Acid Chloride Dioxide
Chemical Equation
[IMAGE]CaCO3(s) + 2HCL (aq) H20 (l) +CO2 (g)
Preliminary Tests
Prediction
I predict that the more concentrate the acid solution (acid rain) then
the quicker and more violently the reaction will take place. I think
this because the more concentrated the solution is, then the more acid
particles there will be to collide with the limestone particles, the
force of these collisions will be increased.
Diagram
List of apparatus
Hydrochloric Acid
Distilled Water
Limestone Pieces
Weighing Scales
Boiling Tube
Measuring cylinder small and large
Tub
Bung and tube
Boss Clamp
Stand
Goggles
Stop clock
In order to overcome gas grill penetration, the KC should organize an advertising campaign on and emphasis on charcoal market advantages versus gas market with an aim to increase total charcoal grill market, using results of blind taste test of food grilled on charcoal comparing to grilled on gas.
In this report, we will be analyzing the current performance of Kingsford in the marketplace and identify the main cause of revenue deterioration. Thereafter, a comprehensive strategy and marketing plan will be presented.
In conclusion, “Acid Rain: Scourge from the Skies” was effective in proving how severe acid rain is and can be. Robert Collins wrote informatively about a notable subject what anyone can comprehend and he used many commendable writing devices which all added to the effectiveness of the essay.
The topic of this paper is acid deposition, also known as acid Rain. Acid rain is precipitation, as rain, snow or sleet containing relatively high concentration of acid forming chemicals. As the pollutants from coal, smoke, chemical manufacturing, and smelting, that have been released into the atmosphere and combine with water vapor, the harmful deposition is created (http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/acid+rain). Acid rain affects many things greatly.
Gloria Reuben once stated, “Mother Nature's mercy and forgiveness have run dry, as we ceaselessly abuse her and take her for granted in order for us to continue our addiction to using fossil fuels.” Reuben is suggesting that the addiction to burning fossil fuels abuses nature consistently and humans take our natural resources for granted. The world has a heavy dependency upon fossil fuels such as oil, methane, coal, gas and petroleum. As population and industry grows and reliance on these non-renewable energy sources multiplies, how are fossil fuels negatively impacting Earth? The adverse effects of fossil fuels is staggering. Fossil fuels are responsible for human fatalities, gargantuan environmental risks and environmental hazards. Stepping toward renewable energy resources and cutting fossil fuel emissions creates a greener, cleaner and safer planet for all.
The sulfur dioxide was regarded as the acknowledged toxic gas, and is also one of main factors for acid rain. Due to its severe toxicity, the major pollution incidents have even happened in human beings’ history. During 1st December and 15th December 1930, the toxic gases including the sulfur dioxide caused great loss for Meuse Valley in Belgium. The toxic gases led to thousands of people in the industrial zone of Meuse Valley were catched with respiratory diseases, and “nearly 63 people were dead within a week”. ( Benery B, HoetPH, Nemmar A. 2001) Additionally, many livestocks also could not survived and died of the toxic gases. In the incident, the mixture of SO2 and SO3 were the main dioxide smog. Similarly, during 26th October and 31st October in 1948, the Nonora smog in America was another sever toxic incident. (Lynne Page Snyder, 1994) The results proved that the sulfur dioxide was still the main toxic gas. Therefore, the sulfur dioxide has been proved to be the acknowledged toxic gas.
Early in life I dealt with both my mother and father taking turns going in and out of jail due to their heavy drinking, Eventually my mother left for good eight years after I was born. Leaving me with my father dealing with his habit, but also realizing he had to raise three boys by himself. Through his method of parenting, work hours, and his drinking he didn't have much time to help direct me down a good path. So I never really had any motivation to do much in school, and also was terrified to try. Just to find out that I wasn't smart, or that I just couldn't do it. So now I am overcoming that fear and solidifying my volition to do well in school.
In 1620 the mayflower landed on the shores of America where the Pilgrims found their new land. From the beginning the forests of America started to fall. 288 years later we found out about coal. iron, steel, metal,and many more objects. People from all over the world started to come to America. In those 288 years the beautiful landscapes were slowly being cut down for cities and houses. The 26 President,Theodore Roosevelt wanted a changed in the country. On May 16th, 1908, Theodore gave a speech called Conservation as a National Duty to state he wanted a change in the world.
Rate of Reaction Between Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Plan: In my experiment I will measure the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. The rate of the reaction is the speed that the reaction takes place so by measuring the rate I will measure the amount of time the reaction takes. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid that is found in digestive juices in the stomach, it is also used for cleaning metals before they are coated. Calcium carbonate has a few forms including chalk and limestone the main use of these two materials is in the making of concrete, which is used for many things such as buildings. When you put calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid together they react to form calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water.
The Effect of Temperature on the Rate of Reaction Between Hydrochloric Acid and Calcium Carbonate
Energy is a daily necessity we take advantage of without fully understanding the consequences of creating it. The electrical energy that we use as consumers comes from power plants that then convert other types of energy to electricity. The most common way this is done is from burning fossil fuels. The only benefits to this method is the low cost and the growing demand for oil, natural gas heating, and other products refined from fossil fuels. The repercussions of this cheap practice is the environmental and physical harm caused by the fumes and other byproducts of using fossil fuels. One main set back of this method is that people may not continue using it forever. Fossil fuels are nonrenewable resources that have come from millions or years
And acid rain, which is created when water in the atmosphere mixes with chemicals, ravage through rain forests and can even kill fish.
Carbon dioxide is the largest contributor of green house gases. While carbon dioxide comes from many natural sources, it is the main greenhouse gas emitted by human activities. Carbon dioxide is released...
Fossil fuels are an important part of life. When you turn on the lights, watch TV, or take a shower, the electricity that you are using is being generated by fossil fuels. The three types of fossil fuels are coal, crude oil, and natural gas. They all take millions of years to form, so they are considered to be “non-renewable”- eventually, the fossil fuels will all be used up. One dangerous biological effect of using fossil fuels is ocean acidification. Extracting and transporting fossil fuels can also be very dangerous. Environmentally damaging accidents such as groundwater contamination, land subsidence, and oil spills occur frequently. Global warming is another possible environmental effect. Fossil fuels have a crucial role in modern society, but since they are non-renewable and dangerous, we should reduce our dependence on them and explore alternative energy sources. Wind energy, hydroelectricity, and solar energy are some examples of renewable fuel sources. There are also many things that people can do everyday to save energy (and, in turn, conserve fossil fuels).
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