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Edna St Vincent Millay research essay
Edna St Vincent Millay sonnets
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Edna St. Vincent Millay, a poet and playwrite, was best known for her lyrical poetry. She wrote many poems, on topics such as love, fidelity, erotic desire, and feminist issues. The part of Millay that wasn’t highly publicized is that she addressed herself as a bisexual and had many affairs with woman before her marriage. It is not said if she continued sexual involments with women after her marriage (though it is quite possible), nor it is not said which of her poems are written about women rather than men.
Edna St. Vincent Millay grew up in a different sort of family. Born February 22, 1892 in Rockland, Maine, and the oldest of three daughters of Henry Tolman Millay and Cora Lounella (Buzelle) Millay. When Edna was around the age eight her mother divorced her father. After the divorce her mother worked as a nurse to support the family. Her mother encouraged Edna and her sisters to study music and literature and urged them to be independent and ambitious.
Edna’s first published poem "Forest Trees." Written when she was fourteen, appeared in St. Nicholas Magazine (October 1906). With in the next four years, St. Nicholas published five more of her poems one of which, "The Land of Romance" received a gold badge of the St. Nicholas League and later was reprinted in Current Literature (April 1907). In 1912 "Renascence" one of Millays poems was anthologized in The Lyric Year and met with critical acclaim.
When Millay’s poems were published she gained literary recognition and earned a scholarship to Vassar. At Vassar she continued to write poetry and became involved in the theater. In 1922 one of her plays The Harp Weaver was awarded the Palitzer Prize. Millay also published a book of poems in 1922 called "A Few Figs from Thistles" in this volume, she described female sexuality in a way that gained her much attention, as she put fourth the idea that a women has every right to sexual pleasure and no obligation to fidelity.
Following her successes in the 1920’s and early 1930’s, Millay’s poetry gradually suffered a critical and popular decline. Unfortunately, her real poetic achievements were overshadowed by her image as the free (but "naughty") woman of the 1920’s. During the last two decades of her life, millay was almost ignored critically, although her Collected Sonnets appeared in 1941. Since the late 1960’s, however, there has been a renewed interest in Millay’s works.
In the Victorian Age, society commonly saw a woman’s sexuality as an incredibly taboo thing to discuss, let alone write and publish a whole poem about. The majority of the Victorian society not only advocated the idea that “respectable women were not supposed to enjoy sex or seek it,” but also adamantly denied the fact that women were able to take on any of the roles of men (Goblin 103). However, despite what the majority of society asserted, this era was also the point at which progressive authors started to use their writings to contradict these norms (Goblin 103). Christina Rossetti avidly broke these social standards by taking components of the Pre-Raphaelite styles of this time and applying them to the female characters in her work (Goblin
Anne Bradstreet is considered by many experts to be the first English-speaking/writing American poet. Although arguments can be made that Phyllis Wheatley is indebted that title, the complexity, breadth, depth and ingenuity found in Bradstreet’s poetry is of such magnitude that she ranks among the top five poets, male or female, in American history. However, as with most issues, there is contention on both sides. “The question of Anne Bradstreet’s value as a poet has often receded behind the more certain fact of her value as a pioneer. This means that, while generations of students have read Anne Bradstreet’s work on the basis that she was the first American poet, and a woman at that, many have emerged from the experience unconvinced of her poetry’s intrinsic worth” (Hall 1).
When her husband and children are gone, she moves out of the house and purses her own ambitions. She starts painting and feeling happier. “There were days when she was very happy without knowing why. She was happy to be alive and breathing when her whole being seemed to be one with the sunlight, the color, the odors, the luxuriant warmth of some perfect Southern day” (Chopin 69). Her sacrifice greatly contributed to her disobedient actions. Since she wanted to be free from a societal rule of a mother-woman that she never wanted to be in, she emphasizes her need for expression of her own passions. Her needs reflect the meaning of the work and other women too. The character of Edna conveys that women are also people who have dreams and desires they want to accomplish and not be pinned down by a stereotype.
In his 1967 book, Edna St. Vincent Millay, James Gray writes that "the theme of all her [Millay's] poetry is the search for the integrity of the individual spirit" (Gray 6). While searching for the uniqueness of the individual spirit, Millay's poetry, especially "Sonnet xxxi", becomes interested in how the individual works when it is involoved in a relationship and must content with the power struggles which occur within that relationship. Power struggles occur on many levels, but Millay works in "Sonnet xxxi" with the decision of a partner to deny her individuality in order to provide harmony within the couple. Ultimately, the poem demonstrates that happiness cannot be found when one partner chooses to deny themselves and their individuality.
“Edna’s pursuit of more original and serious art is directly linked to her development of greater self-pride and confidence, as well as to the emergence of her sensuality. The more she pai...
In a study done by Grubb and Harrower (2009), they surveyed to find people’s reactions to three different types of rape. Rape by a stranger, date rape and seduction rape were in question. Their results indicated that male participants thought victims were to blame far more often than women believed. In the case of a “seduction rape,” both males and females attributed the blame to the victim, as well as in a stranger rape. But when it came down to it, 33 percent of men said they would rape someone if they could get away with it (The White House Council on Women and Girls,
The most prevalent and obvious gender issue present in the novella was that Edna challenged cultural norms and broke societal expectations in an attempt to define herself. Editors agree, “Edna Pontellier flouts social convention on almost every page…Edna consistently disregards her ‘duties’ to her husband, her children, and her ‘station’ in life” (Culley 120). Due to this, she did not uphold what was expected of her because she was trying to be superior, and women were expected to be subordinate to men. During that time, the women were viewed as possessions that men controlled. It was the woman’s job to clean the house, cook the meals, and take care of the children, yet Edna did none of these things. Her lifestyle was much different. She refused to listen to her husband as time progressed and continually pushed the boundaries of her role. For example, during that time period “the wife was bound to live with her husban...
According to Marshall University, Rape Culture is defined as “an environment in which rape is prevalent and in which sexual violence against women is normalized and excused in media and popular culture.” In American society, it is not hard to find examples of rape culture. In popular movies, music, and current events there is an undeniable notion of victim blaming, and sympathizing with male perpetrators. People have begun to use the term rape as a casual adjective. For example “I just raped him in that game,” could be used to describe two people playing a game and one winning easily against the other. American society uses pop culture and current events to promote and justify the prominent rape culture.
2016 - Sexual assault myths, stereotypes and victim blaming do not belong in sexual assault
Marianne Moore ranked with Emily Dickinson among America’s finest woman poets. Moore crafted her poems superbly. She generally used poetic forms in which the controlling element is the number and arrangement of syllables rather than c...
Over the past year or two, the Anti-Rape Culture Movement has gained massive popularity all over the world. This movement has drawn the question, “has rape culture become a societal normality?” front and center as reporters and social movement leaders alike go head-to-head over this argument. Rape culture has been called both a global problem and a fad in society. Fortunately, a huge movement has risen up in an effort to expose rapists and sex crime supporters, but a large amount of people don’t believe that sex crimes are as big of a problem as they are. While different parts of society believe that rape culture isn’t real, it has become more and more apparent in society over the last decade as more people are willing to speak up about it.
Women all over the world are victims of sexual assault and completed rape. One out of every six women in the United States are estimated to be violated sexually according to recent statistics, (RAINN, 2018). With the number of assaults occurring on women increasing, the societal attitude that surrounds sexual assaults and completed rapes also becomes more prevalent. Society appears to minimalize the experience of female victims, while provides a strong ‘benefit of the doubt’ mentality toward the male being accused. Clear examples of this have recently presented themselves regarding celebrities. Most of these celebrities have denied the claims against them and have not been prosecuted; despite numerous testimonies of first hand experienced
The literacy world of the 19th century saw an emergence of female writers into the male dominated profession of poetry. Many men felt as though their profession was being invaded. They resented women entering the public sphere. This mentality in part helped influence which women were able to write and what they wrote about. Felicia Hemans and Jane Taylor are both women poets that emerged during the 19th century. Both women have used their poetry to help expand on traditional notions of romantic poetry during their lives.
One of the most wonderful, exciting pages in the history of the world women’s literature that deserve the attention of people is the destiny and the work of a famous American poet Emily Dickinson. Her work, the same as the works of Whitman, contributed the American and the world poetry in the second half of the 19th century (Voices & Visions: Emily Dickinson 1999).
Men and women have so much different relationships back in middle 20th century. Being affected by those unwritten laws, woman writers put so many things to enlighten what they’ve been through in those times. Zadie Smith and Marilyn French, both being well-known writers, intended to tell so many things about that situation.